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1. One way to cut through the murk is to look beyond the individual technologies and policies
to the principles underlying them. Once we do, we find that certain proposals are designed to
maintain or extend the Second Wave energy base as we have known it; while others rest on new
principles. The result is a radical clarification of the entire energy issue.
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·ÖÎö£º¡°cut through the murk¡±A1¡¢A2·Ö±ðÒëΪ¡°³ÎÇå»ìÂÒ¡±ºÍ¡°´Ó»ìÂÒÖнâÍѳöÀ´¡±£¬Æäʵ×÷ÕßÊÇÓÃÒþÓ÷
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2. The Second wave energy base, we saw earlier was premised on non-renewability; it drew from
highly concentrated, exhaustible deposits, it relied on expensive, heavily centralized techno-
-logies, and it was nondiver-sified, resting on a relatively few sources and methods.
A1£ºµÚ¶þ´ÎÀ˳±µÄÄÜÔ´»ù´¡£¬ÊÇÒÔ·ÇÔÙÉúΪǰÌáµÄ¡£ËüÀ´×Ը߶ȼ¯ÖУ¬ÈÕÒæ¿Ý½ßµÄ¿ó²ØÖлñµÃÄÜÔ´¡£ËüÒÀ¿¿°º¹ó¶ø
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3. And the basic question becomes not whether oil should sell at forty dollars per barrel or
whether a nuclear reactor should rise at Seabrook or Crohnde. The larger question is whether
any energy base designed for industrial society and premised on these Second Wave principles
can survive.
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Ïí[sic]µÂÐÞ½¨¡£¸ü´óµÄÎÊÌâÊÇ£¬ÈκÎΪ¹¤ÒµÉç»áÉè¼ÆµÄ£¬²¢ÒÔµÚ¶þ´ÎÀ˳±Ô­ÔòΪǰÌáµÄÄÜÔ´»ù´¡£¬ÊÇ·ñÄܹ»¼ÌÐø
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Õü¾È¡±£¬¸üÁîÈËĪÃûÆäÃî¡£A2¾ÀÕýÁËÉÏÊöÁ½´¦Î󩣬²»¹ýÉÐÓиĽøµÄÓàµØ¡£ÒëÎIJ»·Á×÷Ò»µã¡°ÔöÒ桱£º£¨ÃÀ¹úµÄ£©
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4. Whether the end comes in some climactic gurgle or more likely ,in a succession of dizzyingly
destabilizing shortages ,temporary sluts ,and deeper shortages ,the oil epoch is ending.
A1¡¢×îºóÒ»µÎʯÓÍÊÇ·ñ»áÔÚijÖָ߳±Ï¸ÂÈ»¶øÖ¹£¬»òÕß»¹¿ÉÄܵÄÊÇÔÚһϵÁеÄÁîÈËÍ·»èÄ¿Ñ£µÄØÑ·¦µÄÒ¡°ÚÖ®ÖУ¬ÔÝ
ʱµÄ¹ýÊ££¬¶øºóÓÖÊǸüÑÏÖصIJ»×㣬µ«²»¹ÜÔõÑù£¬Ê¯ÓÍʱ´úÕýÔÚÖ𽥵ؽáÊø¡£
A2¡¢×îºóÒ»µÎʯÓÍÊÇ·ñ»áÔÚijÖָ߳±Ï¸ÂÈ»¶øÖ¹£¬»òÕ߸ü¿ÉÄܵÄÊÇÔÚһϵÁеÄÁîÈËÍ·»èÄ¿Ñ£µÄØÑ·¦µÄÒ¡°ÚÖ®ÖУ¬ÔÝ
ʱµÄ¹ýÊ££¬¶øºóÓÖÊǸüÑÏÖصIJ»×㣬µ«²»¹ÜÔõÑù£¬Ê¯ÓÍʱ´úÕýÔÚÖ𽥵ؽáÊø¡£
·ÖÎö£ºA1ÏÔÈ»Á¬Ö÷ν½á¹¹Ò²Ã»ÅªÇ壬ÒëÎÄ×ÔÈ»¾ÍºâÀïºýÍ¿ÁË¡£ A2ÉúÓ²ÞÖ¿Ú£¬Îľ䲻ͨ£¬ÊµÔÚÄÑÒÔ¹§Î¬¡£
ÄâÒ룺ʯÓÍʱ´úÊÇÒÔãéãé¶øÀ´µÄºéÁ÷¶ø½áÊø£¬»ò¸ü¿ÉÄܵÄÇé¿öÊÇ£¬ÒÔ½ÓÁ¬²»¶Ï¡¢ÁîÈ˲»°²µÄ²¨¶¯¶ø¸æÖÕ--ÔÝʱµÄ
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5. Further evidence, if needed, that the petroholic era screeching to a halt.
A1¡¢Èç¹ûÐèÒªµÄ»°£¬»¹¿ÉÒÔ½øÒ»²½Ö¤Ã÷£¬Ê¯ÓÍʱ´úÕýÔÚ×ßÏòÍ£ÖÍ¡£
A2¡¢Èç¹ûÐèÒªµÄ»°£¬Õâ¿ÉÒÔ½øÒ»²½Ö¤Ã÷£¬´óÁ¿¶ÔʯÓͽøÐÐÀIJÉÀÄÓõÄʱ´úÕýÔÚ·ÉËÙµØ×ßÏòÍ£ÖÍ¡£
·ÖÎö£º¡°petroholic¡±ÊÇÒ»ËõºÏ´Ê£¨blend£©£¬ÄËpetroleumÓëalcoholicµÄËõºÏÐÎʽ¡£Screech to a halt °´
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary EnglishµÄ½âÊÍ£¬ÊÇÔÙÇå³þ²»¹ýÁË£º¡°stop very suddenly as if
making this noise¡±(screeching).
ÄâÒ룺ÈçÓбØÒª£¬»¹¿ÉÒÔ½øÒ»²½Ö¤Ã÷£¬¿ñ²ÉÀÄÓÃʯÓ͵Äʱ´ú¾ÍÒª¸ÂÈ»¶øÖ¹¡£
6. None of this means that we are going to be thrown back into the middle ages ,or that further
economic advance is impossible ,But it surely means that we have reached the end of one line
of development and must now start another .It means that the Second Wave energy base is unsus-
-tainable.
A1£ºÁоÙÕâЩ£¬²¢²»Òâζ×ÅÒªÎÒÃÇÍ˻ص½ÖÐÊÀ¼ÍÈ¥£¬»òÕßÈÏΪ¾­¼Ã²»¿ÉÄܽøÒ»²½·¢Õ¹ÁË¡£µ«È·ÊµÒâζ×ÅÎÒÃÇÒѾ­µ½
ÁËÒ»ÌõÖ±Ïß·¢Õ¹µÄ¾¡Í·£¬ÏÖÔÚ±ØÐ뿪ʼÑØ×ÅÒ»Ìõз·¢Õ¹ÁË¡£ËüÒâζ×ŵڶþ´ÎÀ˳±µÄÄÜÔ´»ù´¡£¬ÊÙÃü²»³¤ÁË¡£
·ÖÎö£ºÒëÎÄÏÔÈ»¶Ôline Ò»´ÊÍûÎÄÉúÒ壬²¢½«unsustainableËæÐÄËùÓûµØ¼ÓÒÔ´¦Àí¡£Æäʵ£¬ËæÊÖ·­ÔÄһϴʵäÒ²²»ÄÑ
·¢ÏÖ£º¡°a line of development¡±¿ÉÒë×÷¡°Ò»Ìõ·¢Õ¹Â·×Ó¡±£¬¡°unsustainable¡±ÔòÊÇ¡°²»ÄÜÖ§³ÅÏÂÈ¥¡±Ö®Òâ¡£
7. Today we are once more at the edge of a historic technological leap£¬and the new system of
production now emerging will require a radical restructuring of the entire energy business --
-even if OPEC were to fold
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·ÖÎö£ºÉÔÓеãÓï·¨³£Ê¶Ò²¿ÉÒÔ¿´³ö£¬ÓÉeven if ÒýÆðµÄÄ©¾äÔڸöÎ×÷Èò½×´Óï½²£¬¼´Ê¹Ê¯ÓÍÊä³ö¹ú×é֯׼±¸¾íÆðÀ´
ÕÊÅîÇÄÇÄÁï×ߣ¬ÐÂÓ¿ÏÖ³öÀ´µÄÉú²úÌåϵҲҪÇó¼ÓËٸĽøÕû¸öÄÜÔ´½á¹¹¡£A1ҲδÃâÌ«ÀëÆ×ÁË¡£
8. And because they are entrenched in the oil companies, utilities, nuclear commissions, mining
corporations, and their associated trade unions, the Second Wave forces seem unassailably in
charge.
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·ÖÎö£ºÎÄÖеÄtheyÖ¸µÄÊǵڶþ´ÎÀ˳±ÄÜÔ´»ù´¡µÄ¼ÈµÃµ½ÀûÒæÕß¡£Ë­Î¬»¤Ë­£ººÎÀ´Î¬»¤Ö®Ò⣿ϸ²ìÖ®£¬Ô­À´ÊǶÔcharge
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9. Worse yet, the Third Wave advocates are publicly confused with a vocal fringe of what might
best be termed First Wave forces ----people who call not for an advance to a new, more intell-
-igent, sustainable ,and scientifically based energy system, but for a reversion to the
preindustrial past.
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10. In the earsplitting clamor over the energy crisis that has since followed, so many plans,
proposals, arguments, and counterarguments have been hurled at us that it is difficult to make
sensible choices.
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11. Statistics vary. Disputes rage over how long the world has before the ultimate crunch.
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12. ---For today¡¯s world it is price, not physical supply, that has the most immediate and sign-
-0ificant. And here, if anything, the facts¡¯ point even more strongly to the same conclusion.
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13. Fast breeder reactors are in a calss by themselves.
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14. With a longer time horizon we are exploring super-conductivity and-even beyond the fringes
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15. Second Wave propagandists regularly picture them as naïve, unconcerned with dollar realities,
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