öλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØ

¡¡¡¡Ò»¡¢ÏȽéÉÜÒ»ÏÂöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØÓ¢Óï·­ÒëµÄÃüÌâÐÎʽ£º

¡¡¡¡¸ù¾ÝÈ«¹ú˶ʿÑо¿ÉúͳһöλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØÓ¢ÓïöλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØ´ó¸ÙµÄ¹æ¶¨£¬öλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ·­ÒëÊôÓÚÔĶÁÀí½âµÄÒ»²¿·Ö£¬ÆäÃüÌâÐÎʽÊÇÓ¢Ò뺺£¬¡°Ö÷Òª¿¼²éѧÉú׼ȷÀí½â¸ÅÄî»ò½á¹¹½Ï¸´ÔÓµÄÓ¢ÓïÎÄ×Ö²ÄÁϵÄÄÜÁ¦¡£ÒªÇó¿¼ÉúÔĶÁһƪԼ400´ÊµÄÎÄÕ£¬²¢½«ÆäÖÐ5¸ö»®Ïß²¿·Ö(Ô¼150´Ê)Òë³ÉººÓҪÇóÒëÎÄ׼ȷ¡¢ÍêÕû¡¢Í¨Ë³¡±¡£·­Ò벿·ÖµÄ×Ü·ÖֵΪ10·Ö(ÿÌâ2·Ö)£¬Õ¼È«²¿ÊÔ¾íµÄ10%¡£

¡¡¡¡ÏÂÃæÊÇ2009ÄêöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ·­ÒëµÄʵÀý£º

¡¡¡¡Part C  Directions:

¡¡¡¡Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)

¡¡¡¡There is a marked difference between the education which every one gets from living with others, and the deliberate educating of the young. In the former case the education is incidental; it is natural and important, but it is not the express reason of the association. (46) It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive. Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences; family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity; systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc. (47) Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution. Even today, in our industrial life, apart from certain values of industriousness and thrift, the intellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human association under which the world¡¯s work is carried on receives little attention as compared with physical output¡£

¡¡¡¡But in dealing with the young, the fact of association itself as an immediate human fact, gains in importance. (48) While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults. The need of training is too evident; the pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is too urgent to leave these consequences wholly out of account. (49) Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or no we are forming the powers which will secure this ability. If humanity has made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of every institution is its distinctively human effect we may well believe that this lesson has been learned largely through dealings with the young¡£

¡¡¡¡(50) We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education¡ªthat of direct tuition or schooling. In undeveloped social groups, we find very little formal teaching and training. These groups mainly rely for instilling needed dispositions into the young upon the same sort of association which keeps the adults loyal to their group¡£

¡¡¡¡46.¿ÉÒÔ˵£¬ºâÁ¿ÈκÎÉç»áÖƶȵļÛÖµÔÚÓÚËü¶ÔÀ©´óºÍ¸Ä½ø¾­ÑéµÄÓ°Ï죬µ«ÊÇÕâÖÖÓ°Ïì²¢²»ÊÇËü×î³õ¶¯»úµÄ×é³É²¿·Ö¡£

¡¡¡¡47.Ö»ÓÐÖð²½²ÅÄÜ×¢Òâµ½Ò»ÖÖÖƶȵĸ±×÷Ó㬶øÒª³ÐÈÏÕâÖÖ¸±×÷ÓÃÊÇÖ´ÐиÃÖƶȵÄÒ»Öֹ涨ÐÔÒòËØÔò¸ü¼Ó»ºÂý¡£

¡¡¡¡48.ÔÚºÍÄêÇáÈ˽»Íùʱ£¬ÎÒÃÇÈÝÒ׺öÂÔ×Ô¼ºµÄÐÐΪ¶ÔËûÃÇÐÔ¸ñµÄÓ°Ï죬µ«ÊÇÔÚÓë³ÉÈË´ò½»µÀʱȴ²¢²»Èç´ËÈÝÒס£

¡¡¡¡49.¼ÈÈ»ÎÒÃǵÄÖ÷ÒªÈÎÎñÊÇÈÃÄêÇáÈ˲ÎÓ빲ͬÉú»î£¬ÎÒÃǽû²»×¡Òª¿¼ÂÇÊÇ·ñÎÒÃÇÕýÔÚÐγɻñµÃÕâÖÖÄÜÁ¦µÄÁ¦Á¿¡£

¡¡¡¡50.Òò´Ë£¬ÎÒÃÇÒªÔÚ´ÓÒ»Ö±¿¼ÂǵÄÕû¸ö½ÌÓý¹ý³ÌÖбæÈϳöÒ»ÖֱȽÏÕý¹æµÄ½ÌÓý¡ª¡ªÖ±½Ó½ÌÓý»òÕßѧУ½ÌÓý¡£

¡¡¡¡¾­¹ý¶ÔöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ´ó¸ÙºÍÕæÌâµÄ½â¶Á£¬ÎÒÃÇÈÏΪöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ·­Ò벿·ÖµÄ×ÜÌåÒªÇóÓ¦¸ÃÊÇ¡°ÒëÎÄ׼ȷ¡¢ÍêÕû¡¢Í¨Ë³¡±£¬ÕâÓë·­ÒëµÄÒ»°ã±ê×¼¡°ÖÒʵ¶øͨ˳¡±ÊÇ»ù±¾Ò»ÖµÄ¡£¡°×¼È·¡¢ÍêÕû¡±¾ÍÊÇÒª¡°ÖÒʵ¡±ÓÚÔ­ÎÄ£¬°ÑÔ­ÎĵÄÄÚÈÝÍêÕû¶ø׼ȷµØ±í´ï³öÀ´£¬²»ÄܶÔÔ­ÎÄ×öÈÎÒâµÄÔö¼Ó»òɾ¼õ¡£¡°Í¨Ë³¡±£¬Ö¸µÄÊÇÒëÎĵÄÓïÑÔÒªÂß¼­Í¨Ë³£¬·ûºÏººÓïµÄÓïÑÔÎÄ×ֹ淶£¬Ã»ÓÐÃ÷ÏԵġ°·­ÒëÇ»¡±¡£

¡¡¡¡×ÜÖ®£¬Òª·ûºÏ¡°×¼È·¡¢ÍêÕû¡¢Í¨Ë³¡±µÄöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ·­Òë±ê×¼£¬ÒëÎıØÐëÔÚÍêÕû¶ø׼ȷ±í´ïÔ­ÎÄÄÚÈݵĻù´¡ÉÏ·ûºÏººÓïµÄ±í´ï¹æ·¶£¬Ã»ÓÐÂß¼­´íÎó¡¢ÓïÑÔÆçÒå¡¢»ÞɬÄѶ®µÈÏÖÏó¡£

¡¡¡¡¶þ¡¢öλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ·­ÒëµÄÆÀ·Ö±ê×¼

¡¡¡¡¸ù¾Ý´ó¸Ù¹æ¶¨£¬öλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ·­ÒëµÄÆÀ·Ö±ê×¼ÈçÏ£º

¡¡¡¡ÔĶÁÀí½âC½Ú£º 5СÌ⣬ÿÌâ2·Ö£¬¹²10·Ö¡£

¡¡¡¡Èç¹û¾ä×ÓÒëÎÄÃ÷ÏÔŤÇúÔ­ÎÄÒâ˼£¬¸Ã¾äµÃ·Ö×î¶à²»³¬¹ý0.5·Ö¡£

¡¡¡¡[´ÎÒ³±êÌâ= µ¼º½¶Ì±êÌâ=]

¡¡¡¡Èç¹û¿¼Éú¾ÍÒ»¸öÌâÄ¿ÌṩÁËÁ½¸ö»òÁ½¸öÒÔÉϵÄÒë·¨£¬Èô¾ùÕýÈ·£¬¸ø·Ö£»Èç¹ûÆäÖÐÒ»¸öÒë·¨Óдí£¬°´´íÎóÒë·¨ÆÀ·Ö¡£

¡¡¡¡ÖÐÎÄ´í±ð×Ö²»¸ö±ð¿Û·Ö£¬°´Ã¿ÌâÀۼƿ۷Ö¡£Ã¿Èý¸ö´í±ð×Ö¿Û0.5·Ö£¬ÎÞ0.25¿Û·Ö¡£

¡¡¡¡Èý¡¢ÀúÄêöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ·­Ò뿼ÌâµÄÌصã·ÖÎö

¡¡¡¡Ï±íÊÇ×Ô1990ÄêÒÔÀ´öλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ·­Ò벿·ÖµÄÖ÷ÒªÄÚÈݼ°Ìå²Ã£º

¡¡¡¡1990Ä꣺È˵ÄÐÔ¸ñºÍÐÐΪ·ÖÎö(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)  2000Ä꣺Õþ¸®Óë¾­¼Ã·¢Õ¹(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)

¡¡¡¡1991Ä꣺ÄÜÔ´ºÍÅ©ÒµÎÊÌâ(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)       2001Ä꣺¼ÆËã»úÓëδÀ´Éú»î(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)

¡¡¡¡1992Ä꣺ÖÇÁ¦ÆÀ¹ÀµÄ¿ÆѧÐÔ(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)    2002Ä꣺ÐÐΪ¿Æѧ(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)

¡¡¡¡1993Ä꣺¿ÆѧÑо¿µÄ·½·¨(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)       2003Ä꣺ÈËÀàѧÑо¿(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)

¡¡¡¡1994Ä꣺¿Æ¼¼Óë¿Æѧ·¢Õ¹µÄ¹Øϵ(ÒéÂÛÎÄ) 2004Ä꣺ÓïÑÔѧµÄÑо¿(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)

¡¡¡¡1995Ä꣺±ê×¼»¯²âÊÔ(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)           2005Ä꣺µçÊÓý½é(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)

¡¡¡¡1996Ä꣺ ¿Æѧ·¢Õ¹µÄ²î±ðºÍ¶¯Á¦(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)2006Ä꣺ÃÀ¹úµÄ֪ʶ·Ö×Ó(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)

¡¡¡¡1997Ä꣺¶¯ÎïµÄȨÀûÎÊÌâ(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)       2007Ä꣺·¨Ñ§Ñо¿µÄÒâÒå(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)

¡¡¡¡1998Ä꣺´ó±¬Õ¨ÀíÂÛ(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)           2008Ä꣺ÂÛ´ï¶ûÎĵÄ˼Ïë(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)

¡¡¡¡1999Ä꣺ÀúʷѧÑо¿(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)           2009Ä꣺½ÌÓýÑо¿(ÒéÂÛÎÄ)

¡¡¡¡¸ù¾Ý¶Ô½üÄêÀ´öλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ·­ÒëÕæÌâ¼°ÃüÌâÐÎʽµÄ·ÖÎöºÍÑо¿£¬ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ·¢ÏÖöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ·­Òë»ù±¾¾ßÓÐÒÔϼ¸¸öÃ÷ÏÔµÄÌص㣺

¡¡¡¡Ê×ÏÈ£¬Ìå²Ã¹Ì¶¨£¬µ«ÄÚÈݹ㷺¡£½üÄêÀ´£¬öλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ·­Òë¶ÌÎĵÄÌå²Ã»ù±¾ÉÏÊÇÒéÂÛÎÄ£¬ÄÚÈݱȽϹ㷺£¬Ö÷ÒªÉæ¼°ÈËÃÇËùÆÕ±é¹ØÐĵÄÉç»á¡¢ÕþÖΡ¢¾­¼Ã¡¢ÎÄ»¯¡¢¿Æ¼¼¡¢µÀµÂ¡¢ÀúÊ·¡¢ÎÄ»¯¡¢ÕÜѧ¡¢ÐÄÀíµÈÎÊÌâ¡£

¡¡¡¡Æä´Î£¬ÄѶÈÇ÷ÏòÎȶ¨£¬¸ü¼Ó×¢ÖØ¿¼²é¿¼ÉúµÄ×ÛºÏÄÜÁ¦¡£¾¡¹ÜöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ´ó¸Ù¾­¹ýÁ˼¸´Îµ÷Õû±ä»¯£¬µ«öλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ·­ÒëµÄ±ä»¯²»´ó£¬Æä»ù±¾ÒªÇóÖ÷Òª»¹ÊÇ¿¼²éѧÉú¶ÔÓïÑÔµÄ×ÛºÏÔËÓÃÄÜÁ¦¡£¶ÔÕû·ÝÊÔ¾í¶øÑÔ£¬ÊÔÌâµÄÄѶȱ£³ÖÔÚÖеÈÆ«ÄѵÄˮƽ£¬¶øÇÒ»ù±¾Ç÷ÓÚÎȶ¨£¬²»»áÓдóÆð´ó·üµÄ±ä»¯¡£

¡¡¡¡ÔٴΣ¬¾äÐͽṹ¸´ÔÓ£¬´ÊÒåÁé»î¶à±ä¡£¾¡¹Ü¿¼²éµã±È½ÏÁé»î¶à±ä£¬µ«Ö÷Òª»¹ÊÇÒÔ³¤ÄѾä¡¢½á¹¹¸´ÔÓ¾äΪÖ÷£¬ÒÔ¿¼²éѧÉú¸ù¾ÝÉÏÏÂÎÄ׼ȷÀí½â¸ÅÄî²¢ÓúºÓïÕýÈ·ÓèÒÔ±í´ïµÄÄÜÁ¦ÎªÖ÷¡£

¡¡¡¡ËÄ¡¢¿¼Éú³£¼ûÀ§¾³·ÖÎö

¡¡¡¡´ó²¿·Ö¿¼Éú¶¼¾õµÃöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ·­ÒëºÜÄÑ£¬µ«¶ÔÄѵãµÄÈÏʶȴ¸÷²»Ïàͬ¡£¹éÄÉÆðÀ´¿´£¬Ö÷ÒªÓÐÒÔϼ¸ÖÖÀàÐÍ£ºÓ﷨֪ʶȱ·¦ÐÍ¡¢´Ê»ãȱ·¦ÐÍ¡¢·­Òë֪ʶȱ·¦ÐͺÍѧϰ̬¶ÈÏû¼«ÐÍ¡£

¡¡¡¡1¡¢Ó﷨֪ʶȱ·¦Ð͵Ŀ¼ÉúÒ»°ãÈÏΪ¾ä×ӽṹ̫¸´ÔÓ£¬ÄÑÒÔÀí½â¡£°´ÕÕöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØÓ¢Óï´ó¸ÙµÄÒªÇ󣬿¼ÉúÐèҪ׼ȷÀí½â½á¹¹½Ï¸´ÔÓµÄÓ¢ÓïÎÄ×Ö²ÄÁÏ¡£¾ä×ӽṹÊÇÓ¢Óï´óÏõÄÖ§Öù£¬Ñ§»á·ÖÎö¾ä×ӽṹÊÇѧºÃÓ¢ÓïµÄ±ØҪǰÌá¡£Ó¢ÎÄÊÇÒ»ÖֽṹÑϽ÷µÄÐκÏÐÔÓïÑÔ£¬´ó²¿·ÖµÄÓ¢ÎÄÕýʽ²ÄÁÏ»ù±¾ÉÏÊÇÓø´ÔÓ³¤¾äд³ÉµÄ¡£ËùÒÔ£¬¸ù¾ÝöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ´ó¸ÙµÄÒªÇ󣬽áºÏÓ¢Ò뺺·­ÒëµÄʵ¼ù£¬±ÊÕßÒÔÓ¢Óï¾ä×ӽṹ֪ʶΪ³ö·¢µã£¬·øÉ䵽ƪÕ¡¢¶ÎÂä¡¢¾ä×ӺʹÊÓïµÄ·­Òë¼¼ÇÉ£¬´Óºê¹Ûµ½Î¢¹Û£¬½«öλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ·­ÒëÖÐÉæ¼°µÄ·½·¨ºÍ¼¼Çɻ㼯³É±¾Ê飬ϣÍûÄÜÆðµ½Å×שÒýÓñµÄЧ¹û£¬Èÿ¼Éú´ÓÖÐѧµ½Ò»Ð©¡°Óæ¼¼¡±¡£

¡¡¡¡2¡¢´Ê»ãȱ·¦Ð͵Ŀ¼ÉúÒ»°ã¾õµÃÉú´ÊÌ«¶à£¬·ÅÑÛÍûÈ¥£¬Ã£Ã£Ò»Æ¬£¬²»ÖªËùÔÆ¡£°´ÕÕöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØÓ¢Óï´ó¸ÙµÄ¹æ¶¨£¬ÔÚÓ¢Ò뺺ÖÐÒ»°ã²»»áÓг¬¸Ù´Ê»ã³öÏÖ£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÔÚËùÐè·­ÒëµÄ150´ÊÖУ¬¿ÉÒÔ˵95%ÒÔÉϵĵ¥´Ê¶¼ÊÇöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ´ó¸Ù¹æ¶¨ÒªÇóÕÆÎյĴʻ㣬¶¼Ó¦¸ÃÊǸ÷λ¿¼ÉúËùÊìϤµÄ´Ê»ã¡£ÓÉ´Ë¿ÉÖª£¬¸Ð¾õÉú´Ê¶àµÄ¿¼ÉúµÄ´Ê»ãÁ¿¼«Ð¡£¬ÓïÑÔ»ù´¡Ò²±È½Ï²î£¬ÐèÒª´ó·ù¶ÈÔö¼Ó´Ê»ãÁ¿£¬×îÆðÂëÓ¦¸ÃÏÈ°ÑöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ´ó¸ÙÒªÇóµÄ´Ê»ã±³ÏÂÀ´¡£

¡¡¡¡3¡¢·­Òë֪ʶȱ·¦Ð͵Ŀ¼ÉúÒ»°ã¾õµÃÐÄÀíÃ÷°×È´²»ÖªÈçºÎ±í´ï¡£ÐÄÀïÃ÷°×£¬ËµÃ÷»ù±¾ÉÏÈÏʶӢÎÄ£¬µ«²»Ò»¶¨Õ涮ԭÎĵÄÒâÒ壻д²»³öÀ´£¬ËµÃ÷ȱ·¦Ó¢Ò뺺µÄ±ØÒª¼¼ÇÉ»òȱ·¦¼ÝÔ¦ººÓï±í´ïµÄÄÜÁ¦¡£Ò»·½Ã棬¾­¹ýÒ»¶Îʱ¼äµÄ¸´Ï°±¸¿¼Ö®ºó£¬¿¼Éú½Ó´¥¹ý´óÁ¿µÄÓ¢ÎIJÄÁÏ£¬¾ß±¸ÁËÒ»¶¨µÄ´Ê»ãºÍÓ﷨֪ʶ£¬Ðí¶àµ¥´Ê¿´ÆðÀ´¶¼ºÜÃæÊ죬µ«ÊÂʵÉÏÀëÕæÕýÕÆÎÕºÍÊìÁ·ÔËÓõIJî¾à»¹ºÜ´ó¡£Òò´Ë£¬ËäȻ˵ÐÄÀïÃ÷°×£¬ÆäʵֻÊÇÈÏʶӢÎÄ£¬²¢Ã»ÓÐÍêÈ«¶Á¶®Ô­ÎĵÄÒâÒå¡£ÁíÒ»·½Ã棬ÓÉÓÚ¿¼Éúƽʱȱ·¦·­ÒëÁ·Ï°ºÍʵ¼ù£¬È±·¦¶ÔÓ¢ººÁ½ÖÖÓïÑÔ²îÒìÐÔµÄÈÏʶ£¬ÍùÍù¡°Ö»¼ûÓ¢ÎIJ»¼ûÖÐÎÄ¡±»òÕß¡°Ö»¼ûÖÐÎIJ»¼ûÓ¢ÎÄ¡±£¬È±·¦±ØÒªµÄ·­Òë֪ʶºÍ¼¼ÇÉ£¬ËùÒԾͻáÓÐд²»³öÀ´µÄ¸Ð¾õ¡£½¨ÒéÕâÀ࿼Éú£¬ÈÏÕæÀí½â¡¢ÉîÈëѧϰÒѾ­ÊìϤµÄ´Ê»ãºÍÓ﷨֪ʶ£¬¶à×¢ÒâÓ¢ºº±í´ï·½Ê½µÄ²îÒ죬ÕÆÎÕһЩӢººÁ½ÖÖÓïÑÔÏ໥ת»¯µÄ»ù±¾·½·¨ºÍ¼¼ÇÉ£¬¼ÓÇ¿·­Òëʵ¼ùÁ·Ï°£¬ÒÔ½øÒ»²½Ìá¸ßÀí½âÓ¢Îĺͱí´ïÒëÎĵÄÄÜÁ¦¡£