¡¡¡¡ÍêÐÎÌî¿ÕÄ£ÄâÊÔÌâÒ»
¡¡¡¡As former colonists of Great Britain, the Founding Fathers of the United States adopted much of the legal system of Great Britain. We have a ¡°common law¡±£¬ or law made by courts 1 a monarch or other central governmental 2 like a legislature. The jury, a 3 of ordinary citizens chosen to decide a case, is an 4 part of our common-law system¡£
¡¡¡¡Use of juries to decide cases is a 5 feature of the American legal system. Few other countries in the world use juries as we do in the United States. 6 the centuries, many people have believed that juries in most cases reach a fairer and more just result 7 would be obtained using a judge 8 , as many countries do. 9 a jury decides cases after ¡° 10 ¡±£¬ or discussions among a group of people, the jury¡¯s decision is likely to have the 11 from many different people from different backgrounds, who must as a group decide what is right¡£
¡¡¡¡Juries are used in both civil cases, which decide 12 among 13 citizens, and criminal cases, which decide cases brought by the government 14 that individuals have committed crimes. Juries are selected from the U.S. citizens and 15 . Jurors, consisting of 16 numbers, are called for each case requiring a jury¡£
¡¡¡¡The judge 17 to the case 18 the selection of jurors to serve as the jury for that case. In some states, 19 jurors are questioned by the judge; in others, they are questioned by the lawyers representing the 20 under rules dictated by state law¡£
¡¡¡¡1.£ÛA£Ýother than£ÛB£Ýrather than£ÛC£Ýmore than£ÛD£Ýor rather
¡¡¡¡2.£ÛA£Ýagency£ÛB£Ýorganization£ÛC£Ýinstitution£ÛD£Ýauthority
¡¡¡¡3.£ÛA£Ýpanel£ÛB£Ýcrew£ÛC£Ýband£ÛD£Ýflock
¡¡¡¡4.£ÛA£Ýinnate£ÛB£Ýintact£ÛC£Ýintegral£ÛD£Ýintegrated
¡¡¡¡5.£ÛA£Ýdiscriminating£ÛB£Ýdistinguishing£ÛC£Ýdetermining£ÛD£Ýdiminishing
¡¡¡¡6.£ÛA£ÝIn£ÛB£ÝBy£ÛC£ÝAfter£ÛD£ÝOver
¡¡¡¡7.£ÛA£Ýthat£ÛB£Ýwhich£ÛC£Ýthan£ÛD£Ýas
¡¡¡¡8.£ÛA£Ýalike£ÛB£Ýalone£ÛC£Ýaltogether£ÛD£Ýapart
¡¡¡¡9.£ÛA£ÝAlthough£ÛB£ÝBecause£ÛC£ÝIf£ÛD£ÝWhile
¡¡¡¡10.£ÛA£Ýdeliberations£ÛB£Ýmeditations £ÛC£Ýreflections£ÛD£Ýspeculations
¡¡¡¡11.£ÛA£Ýoutline£ÛB£Ýoutcome£ÛC£Ýinput£ÛD£Ýintake
¡¡¡¡12.£ÛA£Ýarguments£ÛB£Ýcontroversies£ÛC£Ýdisputes£ÛD£Ýhostilities
¡¡¡¡13.£ÛA£Ýfellow£ÛB£Ýindividual£ÛC£Ýpersonal£ÛD£Ýprivate
¡¡¡¡14.£ÛA£Ýasserting£ÛB£Ýalleging£ÛC£Ýmaintaining£ÛD£Ýtestifying
¡¡¡¡15.£ÛA£Ýassembled£ÛB£Ýevoked£ÛC£Ýrallied£ÛD£Ýsummoned
¡¡¡¡16.£ÛA£Ýset£ÛB£Ýexact£ÛC£Ýgiven£ÛD£Ýplaced
¡¡¡¡17.£ÛA£Ýallocated£ÛB£Ýallotted£ÛC£Ýappointed£ÛD£Ýassigned
¡¡¡¡18.£ÛA£Ýadministers£ÛB£Ýmanages£ÛC£Ýoversees£ÛD£Ýpresides
¡¡¡¡19.£ÛA£Ýinspective£ÛB£Ýirrespective£ÛC£Ýperspective£ÛD£Ýprospective
¡¡¡¡20.£ÛA£Ýbodies£ÛB£Ýparties£ÛC£Ýsides£ÛD£Ýunits
¡¡¡¡ÎÄÕ±³¾°
¡¡¡¡±¾ÎĽéÉÜÁËÃÀ¹úµÄÅãÉóÍÅÖÆ¶È¡£
¡¡¡¡ÎÄÕ½ṹ
¡¡¡¡µÚÒ»¶ÎÖ¸³ö£¬ÅãÉóÍÅÊÇÃÀ¹ú¹²Í¬·¨ÏµÍ³µÄ»ù±¾×é³É²¿·Ö¡£µÚ¶þ¶Î·ÖÎöÁËʹÓÃÅãÉóÍŵÄÔÒò¡£µÚÈýºÍËĶηֱð½éÉÜÁËÅãÉóÍŵÄÀàÐͺÍÑ¡¾Ù³ÌÐò¡£
¡¡¡¡µÚÒ»¶Î£ºÅãÉóÍÅÊÇÃÀ¹ú¹²Í¬·¨ÏµÍ³µÄ»ù±¾×é³É²¿·Ö(Ö÷Ìâ)
¡¡¡¡The jury, a 3 of ordinary citizens chosen to decide a case, is an 4 part of our commonª²law system¡£
¡¡¡¡µÚ¶þ¶Î£ºÊ¹ÓÃÅãÉóÍŵÄÔÒò
¡¡¡¡Use of juries to decide cases is a 5 feature of the American legal system. Few other countries in the world use juries as we do in the United States¡£
¡¡¡¡µÚÈýºÍËĶΣºÅãÉóÍŵÄÀàÐͺÍÑ¡¾Ù³ÌÐò¡£
¡¡¡¡Juries are used in both civil cases¡
¡¡¡¡The judge 17 to the case 18 the selection of jurors to serve as¡
¡¡¡¡´ð°¸Ïê½â
¡¡¡¡1.¡¾½âÎö¡¿£ÛB£Ý Âß¼ÏνÓÌâ¡£¿Õ¸ñǰºóÊÇÁ½¸ö²¢ÁеÄÃû´ÊcourtsºÍa monarch£¬ËùÔÚ¾ä×ӵĺ¬ÒåΪ£º¡°¹²Í¬·¨¡±ÊÇÓÉ·¨Í¥1¾ýÖ÷ÖÆ¶¨¡£¸ù¾Ý³£Ê¶¿ÉÖª£¬ÃÀ¹úÊÇÃñÖ÷ÖÆ¹ú¼Ò£¬·¨Âɲ»ÓɾýÖ÷ÖÆ¶¨¡£Òò´Ë¿Õ¸ñ´¦ÌîÈëµÄÁ¬½Ó´ÊÓ¦¿Ï¶¨Ç°Õß¶ø·ñ¶¨ºóÕߣ¬ÕýÈ·ÏîÊÇ£ÛB£Ýrather than£¬¼´¡°·¨Í¥¶ø²»ÊǾýÖ÷¡±¡£other thanͨ³£ÓÃÔÚ·ñ¶¨¾äÖУ¬±íʾÅųýÒâÒ壬¼´¡°³ýÁË¡±£¬Ï൱ÓÚexcept¡£rather thanÊÇÁ¬´Ê£¬Ç°ºóÁ¬½ÓµÄ³É·ÖÓ¦±£³ÖÒ»Ö£¬¿ÉÒÔÊÇÃû´Ê¡¢¶¯´Ê¡¢ÐÎÈÝ´Ê¡¢´Ó¾äµÈ£¬Í¨³£ÒëΪ¡°¶ø²»ÊÇ¡±£¬ÓÐʱ¿ÉÓýé´Ê¶ÌÓï instead ofÌæ´ú¡£more thanÁ¬½ÓÃû´Êʱ³ýÁ˱íʾ¡°¶àÓÚ£¬³¬¹ý¡¡ÒÔÉÏ¡±£¬Ò²¿ÉÒÔ±íʾ¡°²»½ö½ö£¬²»Ö»ÊÇ¡±£¬Ï൱ÓÚnot only¡£or rather±íʾ¡°¸üÈ·ÇеÄ˵·¨ÊÇ¡¡¡±£¬Ï൱ÓÚmore exactly¡£
¡¡¡¡2.¡¾½âÎö¡¿£ÛD£ÝÓïÒåÏνÓÌâ¡£¿Õ¸ñ´¦ÌîÈëµÄÃû´ÊºÍgovernmental´îÅ䣬±íʾ¡°ÏñÁ¢·¨»ú¹ØÕâÑùµÄÖÐÑëÕþ¸®¡¡¡±¡££ÛA£ÝagencyÒ»°ãÖ¸¡°·þÎñ»ú¹¹£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇ´úÀí»ò¾Ïú»ú¹¹¡±£»Ò²¿ÉÒÔÖ¸(Ìá¹©ÌØ±ð·þÎñ)µÄÕþ¸®×¨ÃÅ»ú¹¹£¬Èçthe Central Intelligence Agency(ÃÀ¹úÖÐÑëÇ鱨¾Ö)¡££ÛB£Ýorganization·ºÖ¸¸÷ÖÖ×éÖ¯¡¢ÍÅÌåºÍ»ú¹¹¡££ÛC£Ýinstitution¶àÖ¸¡°´ó¹æÄ£µÄÓÃÓÚÌØÊâÄ¿µÄµÄ×éÖ¯¡±£¬Èçeducational institution(½ÌÓý»ú¹¹)£»»òÕßÖ¸¸÷ÖÖ´ÈÉÆ»ú¹¹ºÍÉç»á¸£Àû»ú¹¹¡££ÛD£Ýauthority¿É±íʾ¡°ÓÐȨÁ¦×ö¾ö¶¨»òÔÚij¸öµØÇøÓÐÌØ±ðÔðÈη¶Î§µÄÈËÃÇ»ò×éÖ¯¡±£¬¼´¡°µ±¾Ö£¬µ±È¨Õß¡±¡£ÎÄÖÐlegislatureÖ¸¡°ÓÐÈ¨ÖÆ¶¨»òÐ޸ķ¨ÂɵÄһȺÈË¡±£¬¼´¡°Á¢·¨»ú¹Ø¡±¡£Òò´Ë£ÛD£ÝÏîΪ×î¼Ñ´ð°¸¡£
¡¡¡¡3.¡¾½âÎö¡¿£ÛA£ÝÓïÒåÏνÓÌâ¡££ÛA£ÝÏîpanelÖ¸¡°Ò»×é(¸øÓèÒâ¼ûºÍ¹ÛµãµÄÈË)¡±£¬Èça panel of expertsר¼Ò×é¡£crewÖ¸¡°(ÓÐרÃż¼ÊõµÄ)Ò»×鹤×÷ÈËÔ±£¬Ò»Æð¹¤×÷µÄһȺÈË¡±£»bandÖ¸¡°(ÒòΪijÖÖ¹²Í¬µÄÄ¿µÄ¶ø×é³ÉÇÒÓÐÊ×ÁìµÄ)Ò»°ïÈË¡±£»flockÖ¸a crowd, large number of people¡£¶ø¿Õ¸ñËùÔÚ²¿·ÖÖ¸µÄÊÇÅãÉóÍÅС×飬¾Í±»¸æÓÐ×ïÎÞ×ï¸ø³ö¹ÛµãµÄÒ»×éÈË£¬Òò´Ë£ÛA£ÝÏîÕýÈ·¡£
¡¡¡¡4.¡¾½âÎö¡¿£ÛC£ÝÓïÒåÏνÓÌâ¡£¿Õ¸ñËùÔÚ²¿·ÖµÄº¬ÒåÊÇ£ºÅãÉóÍÅÊǹ²Í¬·¨ÏµÍ³¡¡²¿·Ö¡£innateÒâΪ¡°ÌìÉúµÄ£¬ÏÈÌìµÄ(Æ·ÖÊ¡¢Çé¸ÐµÈ)¡±£»intactÒâΪ¡°ÍêÕûÎÞȱµÄ¡±£»integralÒâΪ¡°±ØÐëµÄ£¬²»¿É»òȱµÄ¡±£»integratedÒâΪ¡°¸÷²¿·ÖÃÜÇÐе÷µÄ£¬ÍêÕûµÄ£¬×ۺϵġ±¡£¸ù¾ÝÎÄÒ⣬Ӧѡ£ÛC£ÝÏî¡£
¡¡¡¡5.¡¾½âÎö¡¿£ÛB£ÝÓïÒåÏνÓÌâ¡£¿Õ¸ñ²¿·ÖÌîÈëµÄÐÎÈÝ´Ê×÷¶¨ÓïÐÞÊÎfeature£¬±íʾ¡°Ê¹ÓÃÅãÉóÍÅÀ´²Ã¾ö°¸¼þÊÇÃÀ¹ú·¨ÂÉϵͳµÄÒ»¸ö¡¡ÌØÕ÷¡±¡£ËĸöÑ¡Ïî¶¼ÊÇÏÖÔÚ·Ö´Êת»»¶ø³ÉµÄÐÎÈÝ´Ê£¬£ÛA£ÝÏîdiscriminatingÒâΪ¡°ÓÐʶ±ðÁ¦µÄ£»Óбæ±ðÁ¦µÄ£»ÓмøÉÍÁ¦µÄ¡±£¬Èça discriminating customer(ÓмøÉÍÁ¦µÄ¹Ë¿Í)£¬Ëü²»ºÍfeature´îÅä¡££ÛB£ÝÏîdistinguishingÒâΪ¡°ÏÔÖøµÄ£¬ÓÐÇø±ðµÄ¡±£¬a distinguishing featureÒâΪ¡°ÏÔÖøµÄÌØÕ÷¡±£»£ÛC£ÝÏîdeterminingÒâΪ¡°¾ö¶¨ÐԵġ±£¬Èçdetermining factors(¾ö¶¨ÒòËØ)£¬determining feature(¾ö¶¨ÐÔµÄÌØÕ÷)£»£ÛD£ÝÏîdiminishingÒâΪ¡°ËõСµÄ£¬¼õÉٵġ±¡£ÏÂÎÄÌáµ½£¬ºÜÉÙÓÐÆäËû¹ú¼ÒÏñÃÀ¹úÒ»ÑùʹÓÃÅãÉóÍÅÖÆ¶È£¬Òò´ËËüÊÇÃÀ¹ú·¨ÂÉϵͳµÄÒ»¸ö½ÏÍ»³öµÄÌØÕ÷£¬£ÛB£ÝÏîÕýÈ·¡£
¡¡¡¡6.¡¾½âÎö¡¿£ÛD£ÝÓïÒåÏνÓÌâ¡££ÛA£Ý¡¢£ÛB£ÝºÍ£ÛC£ÝÏî¶¼Ó¦Óë±íʾ¾ßÌåij¸öÊÀ¼ÍµÄÃû´Ê´îÅ䣬Èçin/by/after the twentieth century(ÔÚ20ÊÀ¼Í/µ½20ÊÀ¼Í/20ÊÀ¼ÍÒÔºó)¡£over½Óʱ¼äÃû´ÊʱÏ൱ÓÚduring£¬±íʾ¡°ÔÚ¡¡ÆÚ¼ä¡±£¬over the centuries±íʾ¡°¼¸¸öÊÀ¼ÍÒÔÀ´¡±¡£
¡¡¡¡7.¡¾½âÎö¡¿£ÛC£Ý½á¹¹ÏνÓÌâ¡£¿Õ¸ñǰÊÇÒ»¸ö½á¹¹ÍêÕûµÄ¾ä×Ójuries reach a fairer and more just result£¬¿Õ¸ñºóÊÇwould be obtained using a judge alone¡£ÏÔÈ»ÕâÀï°üº¬ÁËÒ»¸ö´Ó¾ä£¬Óɿոñ´¦µÄ´ÊÀ´Á¬½Ó¡£Ç°ÎÄÒѾ³öÏÖÁËfairerºÍmore just£¬ËüÃÇÖ»ÄܺÍthan¹¹³É±È½Ï¼¶¡£×¢ÒâthanÔÚÕâÀï¼æÓÐÁ¬´ÊºÍ´ú´ÊµÄÐÔÖÊ£¬Ï൱ÓÚthan what£¬Õû¸öÖ÷´Ó¾äµÄº¬ÒåΪ£ºÔÚ´ó¶àÊýÇé¿öÏÂÅãÉóÍűȵ¥¶Àһλ·¨¹Ù´ïµ½µÄ½á¹û¸ü¹«Æ½¡¢¹«Õý¡£ that¿É´úÌæÏÈÐдÊresult£¬whichºÍas¿É´úÌæÇ°ÃæÕû¸ö¾ä×Ó£¬µ«´úÈëºó¾ä×ÓÒâΪ¡°ÅãÉóÍſɴﵽ¸ü¹«Æ½¡¢¹«ÕýµÄ½á¹û£¬Õâ¸ö(½á¹û)¿Éµ¥¶ÀʹÓÃһλ·¨¹Ù¶ø´ïµ½¡±£¬ÏÔÈ»²»·ûºÏÂß¼¡£
¡¡¡¡8.¡¾½âÎö¡¿£ÛB£ÝÓïÒåÏνÓÌâ¡£aloneÓÃÔÚÃû´Ê»ò´ú´ÊÖ®ºó¿ÉÒÔ±íʾ¡°Î¨ÓС¢Î¨¶À¡±Ö®Ò⣬ÎÄÖÐa judge alone±íʾ¡°½öÓÐÒ»Ãû·¨¹Ù¡±¡£alikeÒâΪ¡°Ê®·ÖÏàËÆµØ£»Í¬ÑùµØ¡±£»altogetherÒâΪ¡°ÍêÈ«£¬È«²¿£»×ܹ²£¬Ò»¹²¡±£»apartÒâΪ¡°·Ö¿ª£¬·ÖÀ룻³ýÍ⡱¡£
¡¡¡¡9.¡¾½âÎö¡¿£ÛB£ÝÂß¼ÏνÓÌâ¡£Âß¼Á¬½Ó´ÊµÄÑ¡ÔñÐèÒª·ÖÎöǰºóÁ½¾ä»°Ö®¼äµÄÓïÒå¹ØÏµ¡£
¡¡¡¡Òò¹û 9 a jury decides cases after ¡° 10 ¡±£¬ or discussions among a group of people,
¡¡¡¡ÅãÉóÍŲþö°¸¼þÊÇÔÚһȺÈËÌÖÂÛºó
¡¡¡¡the jury¡¯s decision is likely to have the 11 from many different people from
¡¡¡¡different backgrounds
¡¡¡¡ÅãÉóÍŵľö¶¨¿ÉÄÜÓв»Í¬±³¾°µÄ²»Í¬È˵ġ¡
¡¡¡¡¸ù¾Ý·ÖÎö¿ÉÖª£¬ÕâÀïÓ¦ÊÇÒò¹û¹ØÏµ£¬¹ÊÑ¡because¡£although¡°ËäÈ»¡±±íÈò½£¬ if¡°Èç¹û¡±±íÌõ¼þ£¬while¡°µ±¡¡µÄʱºò£»ËäÈ»£¬¾¡¹Ü¡±±íʱ¼ä»òÈò½¡£
¡¡¡¡10.¡¾½âÎö¡¿£ÛA£ÝÓïÒåÏνÓÌâ¡£¿Õ¸ñ´¦µÄÃû´ÊºÍdiscussionsÓÉÁ¬´ÊorÁ¬½Ó£¬Á½ÕßÐγÉÁËÆ½Ðнṹ£¬ÓïÒåÏà½ü£¬Ö¸¡°Ò»ÈºÈ˵ÄÐÐΪ¡±¡£
