öλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØ

Australia¡¯s Great Barrier Reef hit by ¡¯worst¡¯ bleaching

°Ä´óÀûÑǴ󱤽¸¡°ÑÏÖØ¡±°×»¯

The National Coral Bleaching Taskforce says 95% of reefs from Cairns to Papua New Guinea are now severely bleached.

¹ú¼Òɺº÷°×»¯¹¤×÷×éÖ¸³ö£º´Ó¿­¶÷˹µ½°Í²¼ÑÇм¸ÄÚÑÇÑØ°¶£¬95%µÄɺº÷½¸·¢ÉúÁËÑÏÖصİ׻¯ÏÖÏó¡£

It says only four reefs out of 520 have no evidence of bleaching.

¾Ý˵ÔÚÈ«²¿520×ùɺº÷½¸ÖУ¬Ö»ÓÐ4×ùûÓз¢Éú°×»¯¡£

Unesco voted not to put the reef on its World Heritage in Danger list last year, but green groups want the decision reassessed.

È¥ÄêÁªºÏ¹ú½Ì¿ÆÎÄ×é֯ͶƱ¾öÒé²»°Ñ´ó±¤½¸ÁÐÈëÊÀ½ç±ôΣÒŲúÃû¼£¬µ«ÊÇһЩÂÌÉ«×é֯ϣÍûÖØÐÂÆÀ¹ÀÕâ¸ö¾ö¶¨¡£

Coral taskforce convener Professor Terry Hughes told the BBC his team was yet to find the southern border where the bleaching ended.

ɺº÷°×»¯¹¤×÷×éµÄ·¢ÆðÈËTerry Hughes½ÌÊÚ¸æËßBBC£ºËûµÄÍŶӻ¹Ã»ÓÐÕÒµ½°×»¯ÏÖÏóÔÚÄϲ¿ÑÓÉìµÄ±ß½ç¡£

"Tomorrow we will continue further south from Cairns to Townsville about 400km (250 miles) and spend the day scoring another 150 reefs," Professor Hughes said.

Hughes½ÌÊÚ˵£º¡°Ã÷ÌìÎÒÃÇ»á´Ó¿­¶÷˹ÍùÄϵ½ÌÀ˹ά¶ûÔÙ×ß400¹«Àï(250Ó¢Àï)£¬ÔÙ¼ì²é150×ùɺº÷½¸¡±

Mass coral bleaching

´óƬɺº÷°×»¯

Coral bleaching is caused by rising water temperatures resulting from two natural warm currents

ɺº÷µÄ°×»¯ÏÖÏóÊÇÓÉÁ½¸ö×ÔȻůÁ÷ÒýÆðµÄº£Ë®Éýε¼ÖµÄ¡£

It is exacerbated by man-made climate change, as the oceans are absorbing about 93% of the increase in the earth¡¯s heat

ÈËÀà»î¶¯µ¼ÖÂÁËÆøºòµÄ±ä»¯£¬½ø¶øÒýÆðÁ˺£Ë®Î¶ȵÄÉÏÉý£¬ÒòΪº£ÑóÎüÊÕÁËÈ«ÇòÈÈÁ¿Ôö¼ÓÖµµÄ93%¡£

Bleaching happens when corals under stress drive out the algae known as zooxanthellae that give them colour

¡°³æ»ÆÔ塱Äܹ»¸øɺº÷Ⱦɫ£¬¶øÔÚ¸ßÎÂѹÁ¦ÏÂɺº÷»áÅųöÕâÖÖÔåÀ࣬´Ó¶ø·¢Éú°×»¯ÏÖÏó¡£

If normal conditions return, the corals can recover, but it can take decades, and if the stress continues the corals can die

Èç¹ûÆøºò»Ö¸´Õý³£µÄ»°£¬Éºº÷Äܹ»±ä»ØÔ­À´µÄÑÕÉ«£¬µ«ÕâÍùÍùÐèÒª¼¸Ê®ÄêµÄʱ¼ä¡£¶øÈç¹û¸ßˮεÄÇé¿ö³ÖÐøÏÂÈ¥µÄ»°£¬Éºº÷¾Í»áËÀÍö¡£

The current worldwide bleaching episode is predicted to be the worst on record

¾ÝÔ¤²â£¬ÏÖÔÚÈ«ÊÀ½ç·¶Î§ÄÚµÄɺº÷°×»¯ÏÖÏóÊÇÓмǼÒÔÀ´×îÑÏÖصÄ¡£

Experts say it is too early to tell whether the corals will recover, but scientists "in the water" are already reporting up to 50% mortality of bleached corals.

ÓÐѧÕß±íÃ÷ÏÖÔÚ¶ÏÑÔɺº÷Äܲ»Äָܻ´»¹ÎªÊ±ÉÐÔ磬µ«ÊǾ­¹ýʵµØ¿¼²ìµÄ¿Æѧ¼ÒÃǵı¨¸æÖ¸³ö°×»¯Éºº÷Óг¬¹ý50%µÄËÀÍöÂÊ¡£

Climate change and the effects of El Nino are being blamed for the rise in sea temperatures that causes coral bleaching.

È«Çò±äůºÍ¶ò¶ûÄáŵ±»ÈÏΪÊǵ¼Öº£Ë®ÉýκÍɺº÷°×»¯µÄ×ï¿ý»öÊס£

"What we¡¯re seeing now is unequivocally to do with climate change," Professor Justin Martin University of Queensland told the ABC.

À¥Ê¿À¼´óѧµÄJustin Martin½ÌÊÚ¸æËßABCµçÊǪ́£º¡°È«Çò±äůÊÇɺº÷½¸°×»¯µÄÖØÒªÔ­Òò¡±

"[At] the Paris climate change meeting, essentially the whole world has agreed this is climate change, and we¡¯re seeing climate change play out across our reefs".

¡°ÔÚ°ÍÀèµÄÆøºò±ä»¯»áÒéÉÏ£¬´Ó¸ù±¾ÉÏÀ´½²£¬È«ÊÀ½ç¶¼Í¬ÒâÕâÊÇÆøºò±ä»¯µÄ½á¹û£¬ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½È«Çò±äůÕýÔÚ¶ÔÎÒÃǵÄɺº÷½¸Ôì³É»ÙÃðÐÔµÄÓ°Ï족

World Wildlife Fund (WWF) spokesperson Nick Heath said the unspoiled northern section of the reef had acted as a vital bank of genetic material to reseed areas further to the south.

ÊÀ½çÒ°Éú¶¯Îï»ù½ð»á(WWF)·¢ÑÔÈËNick Heath˵´ó±¤½¸±±²¿Ã»Óа׻¯µÄÇøÓòÒѾ­³ÉΪÁËÏòÄϲ¿ÍƽøÎïÖÖ¶àÑùÐÔºÍÉúÎïÒÅ´«ÎïÖʵÄÖØÒªÀ´Ô´¡£

"We have been working to save the reef in [recent] years, and we always took for granted that we had the bank in the northern quarter that was safe, and seemed resilient in previous bleaching episodes, but now it¡¯s cooked to an inch of its life," Mr Heath told the BBC.

Heath¸æËßBBC£º¡°¾¡¹Ü½üÄêÀ´ÎÒÃÇÒѾ­²ÉÈ¡Á˺ܶà´ëÊ©À´±£»¤Éºº÷½¸£¬µ«ÊÇÎÒÃÇÒ»Ö±ÀíËùµ±È»µØÈÏΪ±±±ßµÄµØ·½ºÜ°²È«¡¢²»»á±»°×»¯£¬¶øÇÒÒÔÇ°°×»¯ÏÖÏóµÄºÃתҲÈÃÎÒÃÇ·ÅËÉÁ˾¯Ìè¡£µ«ÊÇÏÖÔÚËüÒѾ­Î£ÔÚµ©Ï¦ÁË¡±

The Department of the Environment said state and federal governments were investing a projected A2bn dollars over the next decade to protect the reef.

»·¾³²¿ÃűíʾÖÝÕþ¸®ºÍÁª°îÕþ¸®Ô¤¼ÆÔÚδÀ´10ÄêÄÚͶ×ÊÒ»¸ö20ÒÚ°ÄÔª(ºÏ15ÒÚÃÀÔª;10ÒÚÓ¢°÷)µÄÏîÄ¿À´±£»¤´ó±¤½¸¡£