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The good news is that Chinese food remains as popular as ever, with surveys consistently showing the cuisine among the world’s favourites.

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Meanwhile, China now sends more tourists abroad than any other country - their cash making a major contribution to the coffers of those host nations able to pull them in with the offer of beaches, beauty spots and heritage sites.

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Yet the increasing encounters between Chinese people and the rest of the world also provide more possibilities for cultural misunderstanding and for the perception of rudeness.

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"Their habit of spitting was the main problem," says Eddie Chan, who runs a Chinese health centre in central London. A long-time resident of the UK, he watched the first wave of Chinese tourists arrive and the reaction they provoked.

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"Chinese people are also not accustomed to queuing. Their behaviour getting on a bus can certainly seem rude to foreigners."

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No-one knows if the Queen felt her Chinese guests were getting too physically close, prompting her judgement that they were rude.

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But she might perhaps appreciate Switzerland’s approach to this perceived problem.

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After repeated complaints of rude behaviour by Chinese tourists, one Swiss rail company created special carriages for visitors from Asia - acknowledging that they were really just aimed at the Chinese.

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A little more understanding is called for by Jieyu Liu, a sociologist at London’s School of Oriental and African Studies. She argues that anyone’s behaviour is determined by the time and place of their upbringing and that rules of etiquette are never universal.

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"A lot of Chinese people work in factories, with machines in the background," she says by way of example. "That’s why Chinese people speak loudly and can appear rude when they talk loudly in public."

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The perception of rudeness also cuts both ways, according to Eddie Chan. Chinese people, he says, often have an image of foreigners from films and the British in particular are imagined as being terribly polite, doffing their hats at passers-by and drinking tea with exquisite care.

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"We don’t understand where they’re coming from," says Rod Wye, a former Foreign Office official who spent 10 years at Britain’s embassy in Beijing. Chinese history and more importantly, the way Chinese people perceive their history are just not appreciated sufficiently, he believes.

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"We will all get more sophisticated as there is more personal interaction. But there will always be misunderstandings and these will be construed as rudeness."

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