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▶1¡¢compel£¬constrain£¬force£¬oblige¶¼ÓГǿÆÈ”µÄÒâ˼¡£

▶compel v.Ç¿ÆÈ£¬ÆÈʹ£¬³£±íʾÔËÓÃȨÀû¡¢Á¦Á¿ÆÈʹ¶Ô·½×öijÊÂ;ÓÐʱҲ±íʾ“±ðÎÞ°ì·¨£¬²»µÃ²»×ö”¡£

eg:His illness compelled him to stay in bed. ËûµÄ²¡ÆÈʹËûÎÔ´²ÐÝÏ¢¡£

▶constrain v.Á¦È°£¬Ç¿ÆÈ£¬ÓëcompelÒâ˼Ïà½ü£¬µ«¸ü¶àÇ¿µ÷ÄÚÐÄÇé¸Ð(ÈçµÀµÂ¡¢Á¯ÃõµÈ)µÄÇ¿ÆȺÍÏÞÖÆ×÷Óã¬Ò»°ãÓÃÓÚÕýʽµÄ³¡ºÏ¡£

eg:As an artist he didn't consider himself constrained by the same rules of social conduct as other people. ËûÈÏΪ×Ô¼ºÊÇÒÕÊõ¼Ò£¬²»±ØÏóÒ»°ãÈËÄÇÑùÒªÊܵ½Éç»áÐÐΪ׼ÔòµÄÔ¼Êø¡£

▶force v.Ç¿ÆÈ£¬ÆÈʹ£¬±©Á¦ÍþвµÄÒâζ½ÏŨ£¬³£ÓÃÓÚ±»¶¯Óï̬¡£

eg:The thief forced her to hand over the money. Ç¿µÁ±ÆÆÈËý°ÑÇ®½»³öÀ´¡£

▶oblige v.(Òò·¨ÂÉ¡¢Ï°Ë×µÈ)Ç¿ÆÈ£¬ÆÈʹ£¬³£³£ÓÃÓÚ±»¶¯¡£

eg:We are obliged to stop the car at a red light. ÎÒÃÇÓöµ½ºìµÆʱ±ØÐëÍ£³µ¡£

▶2¡¢comprise£¬compose£¬consist£¬constitute£¬includeÕâÒ»×鶯´Ê¶¼ÓГ×é³É£¬°üº¬”µÄÒâ˼¡£

▶comprise v.°üº¬£¬°üÀ¨£¬ÓÉ……×é³É(ÕûÌå);×é³É£¬¹¹³É¡£

eg:Our company's product line comprises 2£¬500 different items. ÎÒÃǹ«Ë¾µÄÉú²úÏßÊÇÓÉ2£¬500¸ö²»Í¬µÄ×é³É²¿·Ö¹¹³ÉµÄ¡£

▶compose v.¹¹³É(ÕûÌå)£¬×é³É;ÓÉ……×é³É(ºó½Óof£¬³£ÓÃÓÚ±»¶¯Óï̬);´´×÷(×÷Çú¡¢Ê«¸èµÈ).

eg:The committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. ίԱ»áÖ÷ÒªÓɽÌʦºÍѧÉú¼Ò³¤×é³É¡£

▶consist v.×é³É£¬¹¹³É£¬ÓÉ……×é³É(ºó½Óof£¬³£ÓÃÓÚÖ÷¶¯Óï̬);(ºó½Óin)ÔÚÓÚ£¬´æÔÚÓÚ¡£

eg:The problem consists of two parts. ÎÊÌâÓÉÁ½²¿·Ö×é³É¡£

eg:The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity. Õâ¼Æ»®µÄºÃ´¦¾ÍÔÚÓÚ¼òµ¥Ò×ÐС£

▶constitute v.¹¹³É£¬×é³É(ÕûÌå).

eg:Crime and illegal drugs constitute the city's major problems. ·¸×ïºÍ·Ç·¨¶¾Æ·ÂòÂôÊÇÕâ¸ö³ÇÊÐÃæÁÙµÄÖ÷ÒªÎÊÌâ¡£

▶include v.°üÀ¨£¬°üº¬£¬°Ñ……ÁÐÈë¡£

▶3¡¢confinement£¬limitation£¬restraint“ÏÞÖÆ£¬¾ÖÏÞ”

▶Confinement n.ÏÞÖÆ£¬Çô½û(ÓÚijµØ»òijÖÖ¾³µØ).

eg:The prisoner was sentenced to three months' solitary confinement. ÄÇ·¸È˱»Å䦵¥¶À¼à½ûÈý¸öÔ¡£

▶Limitation n.ÏÞÖÆ£¬¾ÖÏÞ;(ÄÜÁ¦µÄ)ȱµã£¬Èõµã¡£

eg:That employee has limitations on what work he can do. ÄǸö¹ÍÔ±ÄÜ×öµÄ¹¤×÷ÓÐÏÞ¡£

▶restraint n.¿ËÖÆ£¬ÒÖÖÆ;Ô¼Êø´ëÊ©¡£

eg:Even though the mother was very angry, she acted with restraint and didn't yell at her child. ¼´Ê¹Ä¸Ç׺ÜÉúÆø£¬ËýÈÔ¿ËÖÆ×Ô¼ºÃ»ÓÐÏòº¢×Ó´óºð¡£

▶4¡¢convert£¬invert£¬revert£¬transform¶¼ÓГת±ä”µÄÒâ˼¡£

▶convert v.ת±ä£¬±ä»»£¬º¬ÓГʹijÈ˸ıä¹Ûµã”µÄÒâ˼¡£

eg:He wants to convert to Catholicism. ËûÒªð§ÒÀÌìÖ÷½Ì¡£

▶invert v.ʹµßµ¹£¬Ê¹µ¹×ª£¬Ê¹·´Ïò¡£³£³£±íʾλÖá¢Ë³Ðò¡¢·½ÏòµÈµÄµßµ¹¡£

eg:The baby inverted the cup and spilled her orange juice. Ó¤¶ù°Ñ±­×Ó´ò·­£¬ÅªÈ÷ÁËÀïÃæµÄ³ÈÖ­¡£

▶revert v.¹é»¹£¬»Ö¸´Ô­×´¡£Ö¸»Øµ½Ô­À´µÄ״̬»òÇéÐΡ£

eg:John gave his brother a house, and when his brother died, ownership reverted back to John. Ô¼º²Ë͸øËûµÄ¸ç¸çÒ»Ëù·¿×Ó£¬µ±ËûµÄ¸ç¸çÈ¥ÊÀºó£¬·¿×ÓµÄËùÓÐȨÖØйéÓÚÔ¼º²¡£

▶transform v.¸Ä±ä£¬×ª±ä£¬Ö¸ÐÎ×´¡¢ÑÕÉ«¡¢´óС¡¢ÐÔÖʵȵĸıä¡£

▶5¡¢credible£¬credulous£¬plausible¶¼ÓГ¿ÉÐÅ”µÄÒâ˼¡£

▶credible a.¿ÉÐŵÄ£¬¿É¿¿µÄ¡£

eg:That the student told the teacher a credible story that she missed classes because she was sick. ÄǸöѧÉú¸úÀÏʦ½²ÁËʵÇ飬ËýûÀ´ÉÏ¿ÎÊÇÒòΪËý²¡ÁË¡£

▶credulous a.ÇáÐŵÄ£¬Ò×ÓÚÏàÐŵÄ¡£

eg:She was credulous when she listened to the salesman and bought the car for too much money. ËýºÜÈÝÒ×ÇáÐűðÈË£¬¾¹È»ÌýÐÅÄǸöÏúÊÛÔ±µÄ»°ÒԸ߼ÛÂòÁËÄÇÁ¾³µ¡£

▶plausible a.ËƺõÓÐÀíµÄ(¿ÉÐŵÄ)£¬³£´øÓл³ÒɵÄÒâ˼¡£

eg:Even though it is a plausible explanation, I am not completely convinced. ËäÈ»Õâ¸ö½âÊͺÏÀí£¬µ«ÈÔ²»¿ÉÄÜʹÎÒÍêÈ«ÏàÐÅ¡£

▶6¡¢decline£¬refuse£¬reject£¬deny¶¼ÓГ¾Ü¾ø”µÄÒâ˼¡£

▶decline v.ÍñÑԾܾø£¬Ð»¾ø£¬Ï൱ÓÚrefuse politely£¬Ö÷ÒªÓÃÓھܾøÓйØÉç½»»î¶¯µÄÑûÇë»òÒªÇó°ïÖúµÄÇëÇ󣬺ó½ÓÃû´Ê»ò¶¯´Ê²»¶¨Ê½£¬Ö÷ÓïÖ»ÄÜÊÇÈË¡£

▶refuse v.ÊDZȽÏÆÕͨµÄÓôÊ£¬±íʾ“¾Ü¾ø”£¬º¬Óзdz£¼á¾öµØ¡¢²»¿ÍÆøµØ¾Ü¾øµÄÒâ˼¡£

▶reject v.Å×Æú£¬²»²ÉÄÉ£¬Ö÷Óï¿ÉÒÔÊÇÈË»òÎºó½ÓÃû´Ê£¬²»ÄܽӶ¯´Ê²»¶¨Ê½¡£

eg:He asked her to go to the movies three times, and each time she rejected him. ËûÈý´ÎÔ¼ËýÈ¥¿´µçÓ°£¬µ«Ã¿Ò»´Î¶¼±»¾Ü¾ø¡£

▶deny v.·ñÈÏ£¬·ñ¶¨£¬Æäºó¿É½ÓÃû´Ê£¬´ú´Ê»òthat´Ó¾ä¡£

eg:The defendant denied the accusations made against him in court. ±»¸æÔÚ·¨Í¥ÉÏ·ñÈÏÁ˶ÔËûµÄÖ¸¿Ø¡£

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▶1¡¢certify£¬rectify£¬testify£¬verify

▶certify v.Ö¤Ã÷£¬Éù³ÆÊÇÕæµÄ¡£

eg:He certified it was his wife's handwriting. ËûÖ¤Ã÷ÄÇÊÇËûÆÞ×ÓµÄÊÖ¼£¡£

▶rectify v.¸ÄÕý£¬¾ÀÕý;Õû¶Ù¡£

eg:He rectified the mistake in the contract by changing its wording. Ëûͨ¹ý¸Ä±ä´ë´Ç¾ÀÕýÁ˺ÏͬÀïµÄ´í¡£

▶testify v.(ÔÚ·¨Í¥ÉÏ)ÐûÊÄ×÷Ö¤;±íÃ÷¡£

eg:He is the only person who can testify in this case. ËûÊÇÕâ¼þ°¸ÀýÖÐΨһ¿ÉÒÔ×÷Ö¤µÄÈË¡£

▶verify v.(ÓÃÊÂʵ)֤ʵ»òºËʵ¡£

eg:I verified the store's address by calling to check it. ÎÒ´òµç»°Ñ¯ÎÊ£¬ÒÔºËʵÉ̵êµÄµØÖ·¡£

▶2¡¢considerable£¬considerate

▶considerable a.Ï൱´óµÄ£¬Ï൱¶àµÄ;ÖµµÃ¿¼ÂǵÄ¡£

eg:That family owns a considerable amount of land. ÄǸö¼Ò×åÓµÓдóÁ¿µÄÍÁµØ¡£

▶considerate a.¿¼ÂÇÖܵ½µÄ£¬ÌåÌùµÄ£¬ºóÃæ³£¸úof½á¹¹¡£

eg:He is always considerate of others; he is kind and sympathetic. Ëû×ÜÊǺÜÌåÁ±ðÈË£¬ËûºÜ´ÈÉƲ¢ÇÒ¸»ÓÐͬÇéÐÄ¡£

▶3¡¢conserve£¬preserve£¬reserve

▶conserve v.±£´æ£¬±£²Ø£¬±£»¤(Ç¿µ÷½ÚÔ¼).

eg:In winter£¬ some people conserve energy by lowing the heat at night. ¶¬Ì죬Ϊ½ÚÔ¼ÄÜÔ´ÓÐЩÈËÔÚÒ¹Àï°ÑůÆøµ÷С¡£

▶preserve v.±£»¤;ά³Ö;±£Ñø;·ÀÖ¹(ʳÎï)****(ʹ²»ÊÜÆÆ»µ).

eg:The government preserves the rights of the individual person. Õþ¸®±£»¤¸öÈ˵ÄȨÀû²»ÊÜÇÖ·¸¡£

▶reserve v.±£Áô£¬´¢±¸(Ç¿µ÷ΪijһÌØÊâÄ¿µÄ);¶©(×ùλ)£¬Ô¤¶¨¡£

eg:We are reserving these seats for my parents. ÎÒÃÇ°ÑÕâЩ×ùλÁô¸øÎҵĸ¸Ä¸¡£