Section I Use of English ¡¡¡¡Directions: ¡¡¡¡Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,Cor D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points) ¡¡¡¡The homeless make up a growing percentage of America¡¯s population.__1__ homelessness has reached such proportions that local government can¡¯t possibly _____2____. To help homeless people _____3___ independence, the federal government must support job training programs,_____4_____ the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing._____5____everyone agrees on the numbers of Americans who are homeless. Estimates ____6__ anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million. _____7__ the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is_____8____, one of the federal government¡¯s studies _____9__ that the number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade. ¡¡¡¡Finding ways to __10__ this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult.___11__when homeless individuals manage to find a ___12__ that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day__13__ the street, Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have serious mental disorders. Many others,____14____not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday __15__ skills need to turn their lives _____16__.Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are_17___programs that address the many needs of the homeless. _____18__ Edward Blotkowsk, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts,___19__it. ¡°There has to be _____20___of programs. What we need is a package deal.¡± ¡¡¡¡1.Indeed Likewise Therefore Furthermore ¡¡¡¡2.stand cope approve retain ¡¡¡¡3.in for with toward ¡¡¡¡4.raise add take keep ¡¡¡¡5.generally almost hardly not ¡¡¡¡6.cover change range differ ¡¡¡¡7.Now that Although Provided Except that ¡¡¡¡8.inflating expanding increasing extending ¡¡¡¡9.predicts displays proves discovers ¡¡¡¡10.assist track sustain dismiss ¡¡¡¡11.Hence But Even Only ¡¡¡¡12.lodging shelter dwelling house ¡¡¡¡13.searching strolling crowding wandering ¡¡¡¡14.when once while whereas ¡¡¡¡15.life existence survival maintenance ¡¡¡¡16.around over on up ¡¡¡¡17.complex comprehensive complementary compensating ¡¡¡¡18.So Since As Thus ¡¡¡¡19.puts interprets assumes makes ¡¡¡¡20.supervision manipulation regulation coordination Ò»¡¢ÍêÐÍÌî¿Õ²Î¿¼ÒëÎÄ£º ¡¡¡¡Î޼ҿɹéÕßÕ¼ÃÀ¹úÈ˿ڵıÈÀýÔ½À´Ô½´ó¡£¶øÇÒ£¬Î޼ҿɹéÕßÒѾÔö¼ÓÁ˵ط½Õþ¸®¶¼ÎÞ·¨Ó¦¶ÔµÄµØ²½¡£ÎªÁË°ïÖúÎ޼ҿɹéÕß×ßÏò¶ÀÁ¢£¬Áª°îÕþ¸®±ØÐëÖ§³Ö¾ÍÒµÅàѵÏîÄ¿¡¢Ìá¸ß×îµÍ¹¤×ʲ¢×ÊÖú½¨Éè¸ü¶àµÍ¼Ûס·¿¡£ÃÀ¹úµ½µ×ÓжàÉÙÎ޼ҿɹéÕß´ó¼ÒµÄÒâ¼û²¢²»Ò»Ö£¬¹À¼ÆÊÇÔÚ60Íòµ½300ÍòÖ®¼ä¡£¾¡¹ÜÈËÃǹÀ¼ÆµÄÊý×Ö¿ÉÄܸ÷²»Ïàͬ£¬·ÖÎö¼ÒÃǶÔÁíÍâÒ»¸öÎÊÌâµÄÒâ¼ûµÄÈ·ÊÇÒ»ÖµģºÎ޼ҿɹéÕßµÄÊýÁ¿ÕýÔÚÔö³¤¡£Áª°îÕþ¸®µÄÒ»ÏîÑо¿Ô¤²â£¬ÔÚ±¾Ê®Äê½áÊø֮ǰ£¬Î޼ҿɹéÕßµÄÊýÁ¿½«½Ó½ü1900Íò¡£ ¡¡¡¡Ïë°ì·¨°ïÖúÕâЩԽÀ´Ô½¶àµÄÎ޼ҿɹéÕßÈÎÎñÔ½À´Ô½¼è¾Þ¡£¼´Ê¹Î޼ҿɹéÕßÕÒµ½ÁËס´¦£¬°×ÌìÓÐÈý²Í£¬ÍíÉÏÄÜ°²Ãߣ¬»¹ÊÇ»áÓкܶàÈËÿÌì´ó²¿·Öʱ¼äÁ÷Âä½ÖÍ·¡£²¿·ÖÎÊÌâÊÇ£¬Ðí¶àÎ޼ҿɹéµÄ³ÉÄêÈ˶¼ÊǾƹí»òÕßñ«¾ý×Ó£»¶øÏ൱¶àµÄÎ޼ҿɹéÕß»¼ÓÐÑÏÖصľ«Éñ²¡£»»¹ÓÐÐí¶àÈËËäÈ»²»ºÈ¾ÆÎü¶¾£¬¾«ÉñÒ²Õý³££¬µ«¾ÍÊÇûÓÐʹ×Ô¼º·ÉíµÄ»ù±¾Éú»îÄÜÁ¦¡£¡¶²¨Ê¿¶Ù»·ÇòÈÕ±¨¡·¼ÇÕß¿ËÀï˹.À×µÏÈÏΪֻÓÐͨ¹ýÈ«Ãæ¹æ»®À´½â¾öÕâЩÎ޼ҿɹéÕߵĸ÷ÖÖÐèÇó£¬ÕâÖÖ¾ÖÃæ²ÅÓпÉÄܵõ½¸ÄÉÆ¡£ÓÃÂíÈûÖîÈûÖݱ¾ÌØÀïѧԺÉçÇø·þÎñ²¿Ö÷Èΰ®µÂ»ª.²¼ÂÞÌØ¿ÆÍß˹¿ËµÄ»°À´Ëµ¾ÍÊÇ£º¡°¸÷Öֹ滮±ØÐëе÷ÔËÐУ¬ÎÒÃÇÐèÒªµÄÊÇÒ»Àº×Ӽƻ®¡£¡± ¡¡¡¡¶þ¡¢²Î¿¼´ð°¸¼°Òªµã·ÖÎö£º ¡¡¡¡1. D.±¾¾ä½ÓµÚÒ»¾ä¡£Ç°¾ä˵Î޼ҿɹéÕߵıÈÀýÔ½À´Ô½´ó£¬½ÓÏÂÀ´µÄÕâ¾ä»°±íʾµÝ½ø£¬ËùÒÔÑ¡furthermore¡£AÑ¡Ïî±íʾ¡°µÄÈ·¡±£¬BÑ¡ÏîlikewiseÒâ˼Ϊ¡°Í¬Àí£¬Í¬Ñù¡±£¬CÑ¡Ïîtherefore±íʾÒò¹û¹Øϵ£¬Èý¸ö´íÎóÑ¡Ïî¸ÉÈÅÐÔ×î´óµÄÊÇAÑ¡ÏÒòΪ´ÓÂß¼ÉÏÀ´·ÖÎö£¬ËüÈëÑ¡µÄ¿ÉÄÜÒ²ºÜ´ó£¬µ«Ïà±È֮ϵݽøµÄÒâ˼¸ü·ûºÏÂß¼¡£ÄѶȣº¡î¡î¡î¡î ¡¡¡¡2. B ÕâÀï±íʾµÚÒ»¾äÖÐÌáµ½µÄÎÊÌâÒѾÈõط½Õþ¸®ÎÞ·¨Ó¦¸¶ÁË£¬Òò´ËÑ¡Ôñcope(Ó¦¸¶£¬Ó¦¶Ô)¡£AÑ¡Ïîstand±íʾ¡°ÈÝÈÌ¡±£¬CÑ¡Ïîapprove±íʾ¡°Í¬Ò⡱£¬DÑ¡Ïîretain±íʾ¡°±£Áô¡±£¬¾ù²»ºÏÌâÒâ¡£ÄѶȣº¡î¡î ¡¡¡¡3. D ±¾¾ä±íʾ¡°°ïÖúÎ޼ҿɹéµÄÈË×ßÏò¶ÀÁ¢¡±£¬¹ÊÑ¡Ôñtoward¡£±¾ÌâµÄ¸ÉÈÅÏîÊÇCÑ¡ÏîµÄwith¡£ËäÈ»ÎÒÃÇѧ¹ýto help sb. with¡ÕâÑùµÄ¾äÐÍ£¬µ«¸Ã¾äÐͱíʾµÄÊÇ¡°°ïÖúijÈË×ö/ѧʲô¡±µÄÒâ˼£¬Èçhelp me with my English(°ïÖúÎÒѧϰӢÓï)£¬help me with my exercises(°ïÖúÎÒ×ö×÷Òµ)¡£ÄѶȣº¡î¡î¡î ¡¡¡¡4. A ÕâÀï±íʾ¡°Ìá¸ß×îµÍ¹¤×Ê´ýÓö¡±£¬Ö»Óе±ÈËÃÇÄܹ»Õõµ½¸ü¶àµÄÇ®£¬Î޼ҿɹéµÄÈ˲Żá¼õÉÙ£¬¹ÊÑ¡raise¡£¸ÉÈÅÏîÊÇBÑ¡Ïîadd¡£ËäÈ»addÒ²±íʾÔö¼Ó£¬µ«µ±±í´ïÌá¸ß¹¤×Êʱ£¬ÎÒÃÇʹÓÃraise£¬¶ø²»ÓÃadd¡£ÄѶȣº¡î ¡¡¡¡5. D ±¾ÌâËĸöÑ¡ÏîÖУ¬AÑ¡ÏîgenerallyºÍBÑ¡Ïîalmost±íʾ¿Ï¶¨º¬Ò壬CÑ¡ÏîhardlyºÍDÑ¡Ïînot±íʾ·ñ¶¨¡£¸ù¾ÝÉÏÏÂÎÄ£¬±¾¾ä˵µÄÊÇ¡°²¢·Çÿ¸öÈ˶¼Í¬Ò⡱£¬ËùÒÔÅųýAºÍB¡£Í¬Ê±£¬hardlyÖ»ÄÜÓëanyoneµÈ´Ê´îÅ䣬±íʾ¡°¼¸ºõûÓÐÈκÎÈË¡±£¬²»ÄÜÓëeveryone´îÅ䣬¹ÊÕýÈ·´ð°¸Îªnot¡£Not everyone agrees¡±íʾ¡°²»ÊÇÿ¸öÈ˶¼Í¬Òâ¡¡¡±µÄÒâ˼¡£ÄѶȣº¡î ¡¡¡¡6. C ±¾¾äÒâ˼Ϊ¡°¹À¼ÆÊý×ֵķ¶Î§´óÔ¼´Ó60Íòµ½300ÍòÖ®¼ä¡±£¬Ê¹ÓÃrange from¡to¡µÄ¾äÐÍ¡£¸ÉÈÅÏîÊÇAÑ¡ÏîµÄcover£¬µ«cover±íʾ¡°¸²¸Ç¡±£¬²»±íʾ·¶Î§¡£DÑ¡ÏîdifferÖ÷Ҫǿµ÷²»Í¬£¬¶ø±¾¾ä²¢Î´Ç¿µ÷²»Í¬£¬¶øÊÇÇ¿µ÷·¶Î§£¬¹ÊÑ¡Ôñrange¡£ÄѶȣº¡î¡î¡î ¡¡¡¡7. B ¸ù¾ÝºóÎÄ£¬±¾¾ä±í´ïµÄÊÇÈò½ÒâÒ壬¼´£¬¡°ËäÈ»¶ÔÕâÒ»Êý×ÖÈËÃÇÒâ¼û²»Ò»£¬µ«ÈËÃÇÈ´¶¼Í¬ÒâÁíÍâÒ»¸öÊÂʵ¡±£¬Òò´ËÑ¡Ôñalthough¡£ÆäÓàÑ¡Ïî²»ºÏÌâÒâ¡£ÄѶȣº¡î ¡¡¡¡8. C ±¾ÌâΪ´Ê»ã±æÎöÌâ¡£ËĸöÑ¡Ï±í´ï¡°Ôö¼Ó£¬À©ÕÅ¡±µÄº¬Ò壬µ«ÓÉÓÚ±¾¾äÖ÷ÓïΪthe number£¬Òò´ËÖ»ÄÜ´îÅäincrease¡£AÑ¡Ïîinflate±íʾ¡°ÅòÕÍ¡±£¬BÑ¡Ïîexpand±íʾ¡°ÔÚÃæ»ýÉÏÀ©ÕÅ¡±£¬DÑ¡Ïîextend±íʾ¡°ÔÚ³¤¶ÈÉÏÑÓÉ족¡£ÄѶȣº¡î ¡¡¡¡9. A ±¾¾ä±íʾµÄÊÇ¡°Ô¤²â¡±£¬¹ÊÑ¡Ôñpredict¡£DÑ¡ÏîµÄdiscoverΪ¸ÉÈÅÏ´ÓººÓïµÄ½Ç¶ÈËƺõ˵µÃͨ£¬¼´£¬¡°Ñо¿·¢ÏÖ¡¡¡±£¬È»¶ø£¬Èô˵¡°·¢ÏÖ¡±£¬ºó±ßµÄ±öÓï´Ó¾äÖ»ÄÜʹÓÃÒ»°ãÏÖÔÚʱ£¬Èç·¢ÏÖÁËÒ»¸öʲô¹æÂɵȣ¬µ«±¾¾äºó±ßʹÓõÄÊǽ«À´Ê±£¬ËùÒÔÖ»ÄÜÀí½âΪ¡°Ô¤²â¡±¡£ÄѶȣº¡î¡î ¡¡¡¡10. A ±¾Ìâ±È½ÏÄÑ£¬ AÑ¡ÏîµÄassist±íʾ¡°°ïÖú¡±£¬BÑ¡ÏîµÄtrack±íʾ¡°¸ú×Ù¡±£»CÑ¡ÏîµÄsustain±íʾ¡°Î¬³Ö£¬Ê¹¡¡¼ÌÐø»îÏÂÈ¥¡±£»DÑ¡ÏîµÄdismiss±íʾ¡°½âÉ¢£¬Èá¡À뿪¡±¡£´ÓÈ«¶ÎÀ´¿´£¬ºóÃæÖ÷Òª½²ÈçºÎά³ÖסÕâЩÎ޼ҿɹéÕßÃǵÄÎȶ¨£¬²»½öÒª¸øËûÃdzÔס£¬»¹Òª½â¾öËûÃÇÆäËûһϵÁеÄÎÊÌ⣬Õâ¾Í°µÊ¾Ç°ÃæµÄÖ÷Ìâ¾ä½²µÄÊÇ°ïÖúÎ޼ҿɹéÕߣ¬´ËÍ⣬´ÓÓëÃû´ÊpopulationµÄ´îÅäÀ´¿´£¬Ò²Ö»ÓÐAÑ¡Ïî×îºÏÊÊ¡£ÄѶȣº¡î¡î¡î¡î¡î ¡¡¡¡11. C ¸ù¾ÝÌâÒ⣬±¾¾äÊÇÈò½µÄÒâ˼£¬¡°¼´Ê¹µ±ËûÃÇÓгÔÓÐס£¬ËûÃÇÈÔÈ»»á¡¡¡±£¬ËùÒÔÑ¡ÔñCÑ¡ÏîµÄeven¡£ÄѶȣº¡î¡î ¡¡¡¡12. B ±¾ÌâΪ´Ê»ã±æÎöÌâ¡£ËĸöÑ¡ÏÓС°×¡·¿¡±¡¢¡°×¡´¦¡±µÄÒâ˼£¬µ«BÑ¡ÏîµÄshelter³ýÁ˱íʾ¡°²ØÉí´¦¡±Ö®Í⣬»¹ÓС°±£»¤¡±µÄÒâ˼£¬¶øÏÂÎÄÃ÷ÏÔÓд˺¬Ò壬¹ÊÑ¡ÔñB¡£ÄѶȣº¡î¡î¡î¡î ¡¡¡¡13. D ±¾ÌâͬÑùΪ´Ê»ã±æÎöÌ⣬Ö÷ÒªÒªÇø·ÖBÑ¡ÏîstrollºÍDÑ¡Ïîwander¡£Stroll±íʾ¡°Ïй䣬ÓÆÏеØÉ¢²½¡±£¬¶øwanderÔò±íʾ¡°ÅÇ»²£¬Âҹ䡱µÄÒâ˼£¬ºÜÃ÷ÏÔ£¬wander¸ü·ûºÏÌâÒâ¡£ÄѶȣº¡î¡î ¡¡¡¡14. C ±¾¾ä±í´ïÈò½£¬¡°ËäÈ»Ðí¶àÈË¡¡£¬µ«ÊÇ¡¡¡±£¬¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃalthough/though£¬µ«Ñ¡ÏîÖв¢Î´ÌṩÕâÁ½¸ö´Ê£¬µ«ÎÒÃÇÖªµÀwhileÒ²¿ÉÒÔÓÃÀ´±í´ïalthoughµÄÒâ˼£¬¹ÊÑ¡ÔñCÑ¡ÏîµÄwhile¡£ÄѶȣº¡î¡î ¡¡¡¡15. A ±¾ÌâÖ÷ÒªÊÇÇø·Ölife skillsºÍsurvival skills£¬Ç°Õß±íʾ¡°Éú»îÄÜÁ¦¡±£¬ºóÕß±íʾ¡°Éú´æ¼¼ÄÜ¡±£¬ÓÉÓÚÎÄÕÂÌÖÂÛÎ޼ҿɹéÕߵĻù±¾Éú»îÎÊÌ⣬¹ÊӦѡÔñAÑ¡Ïî¡£ÄѶȣº¡î¡î¡î ¡¡¡¡16. A ±¾ÌâΪ´Ê×é´îÅä¡£Turn around±íʾ¡°×ª¹ýÉí¡±£¬turn on±íʾ¡°´ò¿ª¡±µÈÒâ˼£¬turn up±íʾ¡°³öÏÖ¡±µÈÒâ˼£¬turn over±íʾ¡°·×ª¡±¡£±¾¾äÒâ˼Ӧ¸ÃΪ¡°ËûÃÇȱ·¦Éú´æ¼¼ÄÜÀ´¸Ä±ä×Ô¼ºµÄÉú»î¡±£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵½«Éú»î¡°·×ª¡±£¬¹ÊÑ¡ÔñAÑ¡ÏîµÄturn around¡£ÄѶȣº¡î¡î¡î¡î ¡¡¡¡17. B ±¾¾äÌâÒâΪ¡°È«ÃæµÄ¹æ»®¡±£¬ËùÒÔÓÃBÑ¡ÏîµÄcomprehensive¡£AÑ¡ÏîcomplexÇ¿µ÷¸´ÔÓÐÔ£»CÑ¡ÏîcomplementaryÇ¿µ÷»¥²¹ÐÔ£»DÑ¡ÏîcompensatingÇ¿µ÷²¹³¥ÐÔ£¬ËùÒÔ¾ù²»ºÏÌâÒâ¡£ÄѶȣº¡î¡î¡î ¡¡¡¡18. C ÄѶȣº¡î ¡¡¡¡19. A ±¾ÌâºÍÉÏÌâÒ»Æð¹¹³ÉÒ»¸ö¾äÐÍ£ºas sb. puts it£¬Òâ˼Ϊ¡°ÕýÈ硡˵µÄÄÇÑù¡±¡£¹Ê18ÌâÑ¡ÔñCÑ¡ÏîµÄas£¬19ÌâÑ¡ÔñAÑ¡ÏîµÄputs¡£ÄѶȣº¡î ¡¡¡¡20. D ±¾¾äÇ¿µ÷¸÷Öּƻ®ÖеÄÐͬ£¬¹ÊÑ¡ÔñD Ñ¡ÏîµÄcoordination¡£AÑ¡ÏîµÄsupervisionÒâ˼Ϊ¡°¼à¶½£¬¹ÜÀí¡±£¬BÑ¡ÏîµÄmanipulationÒâ˼Ϊ¡°²Ù×Ý¡±£¬CÑ¡ÏîµÄregulationÒâ˼Ϊ¡°µ÷½Ú£¬Ð£×¼¡±£¬¾ù²»ºÏÌâÒâ¡£ÄѶȣº¡î¡î¡î¡î ¡¡¡¡Èý¡¢ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£º ¡¡¡¡Ó¦¸Ã˵£¬±¾Äê¶ÈµÄ¡°Ó¢Óï֪ʶӦÓá±ÌâÄѶȱȽÏÊÊÖУ¬Óë2004¡¢2005ÄêÏà±È²¢Ã»ÓÐÌáÉýÄѶȡ£Ï±íÊÇ2002-2006Äê¡°Ó¢Óï֪ʶӦÓá±ÌâµÄÏà¹Ø±È½Ï¡£
2002-2006Äê¡°Ó¢Óï֪ʶӦÓá±ÌâµÄÏà¹Ø±È½Ï
¡¡¡¡ºÍÍùÄêÏà±È£¬2006Äêƪ·ù¼õÉÙ£¬µ«¾ä×ÓÄѶȲ¢Ã»ÓÐÌá¸ß£¬ÎÄÕµÄÖ÷Ìâ±íÊöÒ²ºÜÇåÎú£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵£¬¿¼Éú±È½ÏÈÝÒ×Ū¶®ÎÄÕ´󲿷ÖÄÚÈÝ¡£µ«ÓÐÒ»¸ö±È½ÏÃ÷ÏԵı仯¾ÍÊÇ£¬´Ê»ã±æÎöÌâÔö¼ÓÁËÊýÁ¿ºÍÄѶȡ£ÕâÑù¾ÍÐèÒª¿¼Éú²»½öÒªÃ÷°×ÎÄÕµĴóÌåÄÚÈÝ£¬»¹ÒªÔÚϸ½ÚµØ·½¸ü¾«×¼µØÀí½âÔÎÄÒâ˼£¬È»ºóͨ¹ý´Ê»ã±æÎöÑ¡Ôñ³ö×î¼Ñ´ð°¸¡£ÕâÎÞÒÉΪ¿¼ÉúÌá³öÁ˸ü´óµÄÌôÕ½¡£ÏÂÃæ¾ÙµÚ6ÌâΪÀý˵Ã÷£º
¡¡¡¡Not everyone agrees on the numbers of Americans who are homeless. Estimates____6__ anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million.
¡¡¡¡ cover change range differ
¡¡¡¡±¾Ìâ¾ÍÐèÒª¿¼Éú×Ðϸ±æÎöËĸöÑ¡ÏîµÄº¬Ò壬Ȼºó½áºÏÉÏÏÂÎĽøÐÐÑ¡Ôñ¡£Ó¦¸Ã˵£¬A¡¢B¡¢C¡¢DËĸöÑ¡Ïîºó¿ÉÒÔ¸úÕâÑùµÄ½á¹¹£ºchange / range / differ from A to B£¬È磺
¡¡¡¡This newspaper covers everything domestic news to financial situation.
¡¡¡¡It¡¯s hard to adapt oneself to the change from a student to a teacher.
¡¡¡¡There are 40 students in the class, with their age ranging from 25 to 35.
¡¡¡¡Opinions differ from person to person.
¡¡¡¡µ«´ÓÉÏËľä¿ÉÒÔ¿´³ö£¬Ö»ÓÐrange from A to BÕâÑùµÄ½á¹¹²Å±íʾʲô¶«Î÷ÔÚij¸ö·¶Î§Äڱ仯£¬coverÇ¿µ÷¸²¸ÇÃæ»ý£¬changeÇ¿µ÷״̬±ä»¯£¬differÇ¿µ÷²îÒì¡£¶øÔÎÄÃ÷ÏÔÌáµ½ÁËÒ»¸ö·¶Î§£º´Ó60Íòµ½300Íò£¬Òò´ËÖ»ÄÜÑ¡Ôñrange¡£
Section II Reading Comprehension
¡¡¡¡Part A
¡¡¡¡Directions:
¡¡¡¡Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B,C, or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)
¡¡¡¡Text 1
¡¡¡¡In spite of ¡°endless talk of difference,¡± American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. This is ¡°the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of consumption ¡°launched by the 19th ¨Ccentury department stores that offered ¡®vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite.¡± these were stores ¡°anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shopping into a public and democratic act.¡± The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.
¡¡¡¡Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for the National Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today¡¯s immigration is neither at unprecedented level nor resistant to assimilation. In 1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population; in 1900, 13.6 percent. In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents; in the 10 years prior to 1890, 9.2 for every 1,000. Now, consider three indices of assimilation------language, home ownership and intermarriage.
¡¡¡¡The 1990 Census revealed that ¡°a majority of immigrants from each of the fifteen most common countries of origin spoke English ¡°well¡± or ¡°very well¡± after ten years of residence.¡± The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient in English. ¡°By the third generation, the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families.¡± Hence the description of America as a graveyard¡± for language. By 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrive before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent, higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.
¡¡¡¡Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics ¡°have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S-born whites and blacks.¡± By the third generation, one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics, and 41 percent of Asian-American women are married to non-Asians.
¡¡¡¡Rodriguez not that children in remote villages around world are fans of superstars like Amold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet ¡°some Americans fear that immigrant living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation¡¯s assimilative power.¡±
¡¡¡¡Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething in America? Indeed. It is big enough to have a bit of everything. But particularly when viewed against America¡¯s turbulent past, today¡¯s social induces suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.
¡¡¡¡21. The word ¡°homogenizing¡± (Line 2, Paragraph 1) most probably means
¡¡¡¡A. identifying B. associating C. assimilating D. monopolizing
¡¡¡¡22. According to the author, the department stores of the 19th century
¡¡¡¡A.played a role in the spread of popular culture.
¡¡¡¡B.became intimate shops for common consumers.
¡¡¡¡C.satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite.
¡¡¡¡D.owed its emergence to the culture of consumption.
¡¡¡¡23. The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S.
¡¡¡¡A.are resistant to homogenization.
¡¡¡¡B.exert a great influence on American culture.
¡¡¡¡C.are hardly a threat to the common culture.
¡¡¡¡D.constitute the majority of the population.
¡¡¡¡24. Why are Amold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph 5?
¡¡¡¡A. To prove their popularity around the world.
¡¡¡¡B. To reveal the public¡¯s fear of immigrants.
¡¡¡¡C. To give examples of successful immigrants.
¡¡¡¡D. To show the powerful influence of American culture.
¡¡¡¡25. In the author¡¯s opinion, the absorption of immigrants into American society is
¡¡¡¡A. rewardingB. successfulC. fruitlessD. harmful
¡¡¡¡Text 2
¡¡¡¡Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry¡ªWilliam Shakespeare¡ªbut there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (ASC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway¡¯s Cottage, Shakespeare¡¯s birthplace and the other sights.
¡¡¡¡The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC¡¯s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It¡¯s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.
¡¡¡¡The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus- and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side¡ªdon¡¯t usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the ESC contends, who bring in much of the town¡¯s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.
¡¡¡¡The townsfolk don¡¯t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.
¡¡¡¡Anyway, the townsfolk can¡¯t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they¡¯ll do better.) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.
¡¡¡¡It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford¡¯s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over)---lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing¡ªroom tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.
¡¡¡¡Text 3
¡¡¡¡When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals. They suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.
¡¡¡¡That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then.
¡¡¡¡Dr Worm acknowledges that the figures are conservative. One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today's vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now.
¡¡¡¡Dr Myers and Dr Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the "shifting baseline". The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business.
¡¡¡¡31. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that
¡¡¡¡A. large animal were vulnerable to the changing environment.
¡¡¡¡B. small species survived as large animals disappeared.
¡¡¡¡C. large sea animals may face the same threat today.
¡¡¡¡D. Slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones
¡¡¡¡32. We can infer from Dr Myers and Dr. Worm¡¯s paper that
¡¡¡¡A. the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reduced by 90%.
¡¡¡¡B. there are only half as many fisheries as there were 15 years ago.
¡¡¡¡C. the catch sizes in new fisheries are only 20% of the original amount.
¡¡¡¡D. the number of larger predators dropped faster in new fisheries than in the old.
¡¡¡¡33. By saying these figures are conservative (Line 1, paragraph 3), Dr Worm means that
¡¡¡¡A. fishing technology has improved rapidly
¡¡¡¡B. then catch-sizes are actually smaller then recorded
¡¡¡¡C. the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss
¡¡¡¡D. the data collected so far are out of date.
¡¡¡¡34. Dr Myers and other researchers hold that
¡¡¡¡A. people should look for a baseline that can¡¯t work for a longer time.
¡¡¡¡B. fisheries should keep the yield below 50% of the biomass
¡¡¡¡C. the ocean biomass should restored its original level.
¡¡¡¡D. people should adjust the fishing baseline to changing situation
¡¡¡¡35. The author seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries¡¯
¡¡¡¡A.management efficiency
¡¡¡¡B.biomass level
¡¡¡¡C.catch-size limits
¡¡¡¡D.technological application.
¡¡¡¡Text 4
¡¡¡¡Many things make people think artists are weird and the weirdest may be this: artists' only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.
¡¡¡¡This wasn't always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere in the 19th century, more artists began seeing happiness as insipid, phony or, worst of all, boring as we went from Wordsworth's daffodils to Baudelaire's flowers of evil.
¡¡¡¡You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen such misery. But it's not as if earlier times didn't know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today.
¡¡¡¡After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.
¡¡¡¡People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in peril and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.
¡¡¡¡Today the messages your average Westerner is bombarded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda--to lure us to open our wallets to make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. "Celebrate!" commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.
¡¡¡¡What we forget--what our economy depends on is forgetting--is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need someone to tell us as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It's a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.
¡¡¡¡36.By citing the example of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the author intends to show that
¡¡¡¡A. Poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music.
¡¡¡¡B. Art grow out of both positive and negative feeling.
¡¡¡¡C. Poets today are less skeptical of happiness.
¡¡¡¡D. Artist have changed their focus of interest.
¡¡¡¡37. The word ¡°bummer¡± (Line 5. paragraph 5) most probably means something
¡¡¡¡A. religiousB. unpleasant C. entertaining D. commercial
¡¡¡¡38.In the author¡¯s opinion, advertising
¡¡¡¡A.emerges in the wake of the anti-happy part.
¡¡¡¡B.is a cause of disappointment for the general peer
¡¡¡¡C.replace the church as a major source of information
¡¡¡¡D.creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself.
¡¡¡¡39.We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes
¡¡¡¡A.Happiness more often than not ends in sadness.
¡¡¡¡B.The anti-happy art is distasteful by refreshing.
¡¡¡¡C.Misery should be enjoyed rather than denied.
¡¡¡¡D.The anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms
¡¡¡¡40.Which of the following is true of the text?
¡¡¡¡A.Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery.
¡¡¡¡B.Art provides a balance between expectation and reality.
¡¡¡¡C.People feel disappointed at the realities of morality.
¡¡¡¡D.mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.
¡¡¡¡Part B
¡¡¡¡Directions:
¡¡¡¡In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A- G to fit into each of numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
¡¡¡¡On the north bank of the Ohio River sits Evansville, Ind., home of David Williams, 52, and of a riverboat casino where gambling games are played. During several years of gambling in that casino, Williams, a state auditor earning $35,000 a year, lost approximately $175,000. He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for $20 worth of gambling.
¡¡¡¡He visited the casino, lost the $20 and left. On his second visit he lost $800. The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a Fun Card, which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks, and enables the casino to track the user's gambling activities. For Williams, these activities become what he calls electronic morphine. (41)______________. In 1997 he lost $21,000 to one slot machine in two days. In March 1997 he lost $72,186. He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat locked at 5 a.m., then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m. Now he is suing the casino, charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knew he was addicted. It did know he had a problem.
¡¡¡¡In March 1998, a friend of Williams's got him involuntarily confined to a treatment center for addictions, and wrote to inform the casino of Williams's gamblers. The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers, and wrote to him a¡± cease admissions¡± letter noting the medical/psychological nature of problem gambling behaviors, the letter said that before being readmitted to the patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety have to his safety or well-being. (42) ______________.
¡¡¡¡The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has 20 signs warning: ¡°Enjoy the fun ... and always bet with your head, not over it¡±. Every entrance ticket lists a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana Department of Mental Health. Nevertheless, Williams's suit charges that the casino, knowing he was ¡°helplessly addicted to gambling¡±, intentionally worked to ¡±love¡± him to ¡°engage in conduct against his will¡± well. (43) ______________.
¡¡¡¡The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) says ¡°pathological gambling¡± involves persistent, recurring and uncontrollable pursuit less of money than of taking risks in quest of a windfall, (44) ______________.Pushed by science, or what claims to be science, society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities. (45) ______________.
¡¡¡¡Forty-four states have lotteries, 29 have casinos, and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on --you might say --addicted to--revenues from wagering. And since the first Internet gambling site was created in 1995, competition for gamblers' dollars has become intense. The Oct. 28 issue of NEWSWEEK reported that 2 million gamblers patronize 1,800 virtual casinos every week. With $3.5 billion being lost on Internet wagers this year, gambling has passed pornography as the Web's most profitable business.
¡¡¡¡(A). Although no such evidence was presented, the casino's marketing department continued to pepper him with mailings. And he entered the casino and used his Fun Card without being detected.
¡¡¡¡(B). It is unclear what luring was required, given his compulsive behavior. And in what sense was his will operative?
¡¡¡¡(C). By the time he had lost $5,000 he said to himself that if he could get back to even, he would quit. One night he won $5,500, but he did not quit.
¡¡¡¡(D). Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, but for a long time it was broadly considered a sin, or a social disease. Now it is a social policy: the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America is government.
¡¡¡¡(E). David Williams¡¯s suit should trouble this gambling nation. But don¡¯t bet on it.
¡¡¡¡(F). It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioral problems, often defining as addictions what earlier, sterner generations explained as weakness of will.
¡¡¡¡(G). The anonymous, lonely, undistracted nature of online gambling is especially conductive to compulsive behavior. But even if the government knew how to move against Internet gambling, what would be its grounds for doing so?
¡¡¡¡Part C
¡¡¡¡Directions:
¡¡¡¡Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Our translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET2. (10 points)
¡¡¡¡Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckbergen told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected Americans. But they have done more than that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. It is they, not Americans, who have become anti-intellectual.
¡¡¡¡First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? (46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic(ËÕ¸ñÀµ×) way about moral problems .He explores such problem consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. (47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a matter as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.
¡¡¡¡This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals --- the average scientist for one 48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties.--- he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports. (49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. During most of his walking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.
¡¡¡¡The definition also excludes the majority of factors, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living (50) They may teach very well and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment .This description even fits the majority eminent scholars .¡°Being learned in some branch of human knowledge in one thing, living in public and industrious thoughts,¡± as Emerson would say ,¡°is something else.¡±
Ò»¡¢×ÜÌåÆÀ¼Û
¡¡¡¡1.ÄÚÈÝ
¡¡¡¡Õâ´ÎöλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔصÄËÄƪÎÄÕ·ֱðÉæ¼°ÁËÃÀ¹úÎÄ»¯ÖеÄͬ»¯(homogenizing/assimilation)¡¢É¯Ê¿±ÈÑǹʾӵÄÂÃÓΡ¢º£ÑóÓãÀàµÄ¹ýÁ¿²¶À̺ÍÓdzîµÄÒÕÊõ(the art of unhappiness)µÈÄÚÈÝ£¬¶¼ÊÇʱЧÐÔ½ÏÇ¿µÄÎÊÌ⣬ÓÈÆäÊǺóÁ½Æª¡£ÄѶȰ´´ÓÒ×µ½ÄѵÄ˳ÐòÅÅÁУ¬µÚһƪ×îÈÝÒ×£¬µÚËÄƪ×îÄÑ¡£
¡¡¡¡2.ÎÄÕÂÀ´Ô´
¡¡¡¡ÕâЩÎÄÕ¼ÈȻʱЧÐÔ½ÏÇ¿£¬Ò»°ã¾ÍÊôÓÚʱÎÄ¡£ÎÒ¹ýÈ¥½²¿Îʱǿµ÷¼¸ÖÖÒªÔĶÁµÄÔÓÖ¾£¬ÈçThe Economist, Newsweek, TimeµÈ£¬²¢ÇÒÖ¸³öÆäÖÐ400-500´Ê»ò½ÏÒ×ɾ¸ÄΪÈç´Ë³¤¶ÈµÄÎÄÕÂÊÇÔĶÁÖص㣬ÕâЩ˵·¨ÔÚÕâ´ÎöλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØÖÐÓֵõ½ÁËÑéÖ¤¡£È磬µÚÈýƪѡ×ÔThe Economist 2003Äê5ÔÂ15ÈÕµÄÎÄÕÂOcean¡¯s eleventh hour?£¬ÔÎĹ²679´Ê£¬¾¹ýɾ¸Ä±äΪöλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØʱµÄÎÄÕ¡£µÚËÄƪѡ×ÔTime 2005Äê1ÔÂ17ÈÕµÄÎÄÕÂThe Art of Unhappiness£¬ÔÎĹ²841´Ê£¬¾¹ýɾ¸Ä±äΪöλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØʱµÄÎÄÕ¡£
¡¡¡¡3.Éú´ÊÓëÄѾä
¡¡¡¡ÎÄÕÂÖдæÔÚ¸ö±ðÉú´Ê£¬µ«Éú´Ê×ÜÁ¿Î´³¬¸Ù£¬¶øÇÒÕâЩÉú´Ê¸ù¾ÝÉÏÏÂÎÄ¿ÉÒÔÍƳöÒâ˼£¬²¢²»Ó°ÏìÀí½âºÍ×öÌâ¡£ÄѾ䲻¶à£¬µÚÈýƪÎÄÕ¶àЩ¡£
¡¡¡¡¶þ¡¢ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö
¡¡¡¡1.×ÜÆÀ¼Û
¡¡¡¡ÔĶÁ²¿·ÖÄѶÈÓë2005Äê»ù±¾³Öƽ£¬µ«µÚËÄƪÎÄÕÂÆ«ÄÑ£¬Ö÷ÒªÊÇÉæ¼°ÈËÎĵÄÄÚÈݽ϶ࡣ¼ÙÈçƽ¾ù·ÖΪ50·Ö×óÓÒ£¬ÄÇôÕâÒ»²¿·ÖµÄƽ¾ùµÃ·ÖԼΪ18-20·Ö¡£
¡¡¡¡2.ÌâÐÍ
¡¡¡¡Õâ´ÎöλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØÌâÐͲ¢²»¸´ÔÓ£¬Ö÷ÒªÉæ¼°´Ê»ãÌâ(21¡¢37)¡¢¾ä×ÓÒâ˼Ìâ(33)¡¢ÀýÖ¤Ìâ(24¡¢31¡¢36)¡¢Ì¬¶ÈÌâ(25)¡¢Ï¸½ÚÌâ(Èç22)µÈ£¬ÆäÖÐÀýÖ¤ÌâºÍϸ½ÚÌâ½Ï¶à£¬ÐèҪϸÐÄÔĶÁºÍ¶¨Î»ÔÎÄ¡£×îºóһƪÎÄÕÂÊÇһƪÈËÎÄÎÄÕ£¬ÔĶÁʱҪעÒâ×÷ÕßµÄ̬¶È¡£ÒÔµÚһƪÎÄÕÂΪÀý¡£µÚһƪÎÄÕµĴð°¸ÎªCACDA¡£¾ßÌå×öÌâ˼·ÈçÏ£º
¡¡¡¡µÚÒ»Ì⣬21Ì⣬ÊǸö´Ê»ãÌ⣬¸ù¾ÝÔÎÄÊ×¾äµÄÉÏÏÂÎľÍÄÜÈ·¶¨´ð°¸ÊÇC£¬ÒòΪÔÎÄÊ׾俪ʼµÄin spite of±íʾתÕÛ¹Øϵ£¬¾ÍÊÇ˵homogenizingÓëÇ°ÃæµÄ differenceÔÚÉÏÏÂÎÄÖй¹³É·´Òå´Ê£¬ÔÚËĸöÑ¡ÏîÖÐÄÜÓëdifference¹¹³É·´Òå´ÊµÄÖ»ÓÐassimilate¡£µ±È»´ÓºóÎÄÒ²ÄÜ¿´³öÎÄÕÂÖеÄÖØÒª´ÊassimilateÊÇhomogenizingµÄͬÒå´Ê¡£ÓеÄͬѧ¸ù¾Ý´Ê¸ùhomo±íʾ¡°Ïàͬ¡±µÄÒâ˼ѡCÒ²ÊǶԵġ£37ÌâµÄbummer¸ù¾ÝÉÏÎĵĶÔÓÚ¡°²»ÐÒ¡±µÄÃèд£¬Ò²ÄÜÑ¡µ½B¡°ÁîÈ˲»¿ìµÄ¡±¡£
¡¡¡¡µÚ¶þÖÖÌ⣬22Ì⣬ÊÇϸ½ÚÌ⣬¸ù¾ÝÆäÖеĹؼü´Êdepartment stores of the 19th century¶¨Î»Ò»¶Î£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾ÝÔÎÄÅųý¿ÉÒÔÍƳöAÊǶԵġ£×¢ÒâDµßµ¹ÁËÒò¹û¹Øϵ¡£
¡¡¡¡µÚÈýÌ⣬23Ì⣬ÊǸö¼òµ¥µÄÍÆÀíÌâ¡£ÎÊÌâÎÊÎÄÖаµÊ¾ÏÖÔÚÃÀ¹úµÄÒÆÃñÈçºÎ£¿2¶ÎÊ×¾äµÄÌØÊâ½á¹¹not¡but¾Í¸æËßÁËÎÒÃÇÏÖÔÚÃÀ¹úÒÆÃñµÄÌص㣺ÄÜÈÚÈ빲ͬÎÄ»¯(common culture)£¬±í´ïÕâÒ»Òâ˼µÄÑ¡ÏîÖ»ÓÐC¡£
¡¡¡¡µÚËÄÌ⣬24Ì⣬´ð°¸±È½ÏÃ÷ÏÔ£¬Ó¦¸ÃÊÇD£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵¾ÙÕâÁ½¸öÈËΪÀýÊÇΪÁË˵Ã÷ÃÀ¹úÎÄ»¯µÄ¾Þ´óÓ°Ïì¡£
¡¡¡¡µÚËÄƪÎÄÕ½ÏÄÑÀí½â£¬Æä´óÒâÊÇ¡°ÃÀ¹úÈËÒ»Ïò×·ÇóÐÒ¸£¡£¹ýÈ¥ÈËÃÇ¡®À۵ýîÆ£Á¦¾¡£¬Éú»î¼¸ÎÞ±£ÕÏ£¬Äê¼ÍÇáÇá¾ÍÃüÉ¥»ÆȪµÄ±¯¿à¾³µØ¡¯£¬¶ø½ñÌìÃæ¶Ô×Å¡°¿ìÀÖµÃÈÃÈËÎÞ·¨ÈÌÊܵÄÉÌÒµÎÄ»¯¡±Ê±£¬È´·¢ÏÖ×¥µ½ÊÖµÄÐÒ¸£ÁîÈËÒþÔ¼²»¿ì¡£µ±ÈËÃÇÖÕÓÚ¼ÇÆð£ºÐÒ¸£Ô¶²»Ö¹ÊÇûÓÐÍ´¿àµÄ¿ìÀÖʱ£¬²Å·¢ÏÖÓdzîµÄÒÕÊõ¾¡¹Ü¿àɬ£¬È´´øÀ´Ò»¹ÉÁîÆäÍ·ÄÔÇåÐѵÄÇåÐÂÆøÏ¢¡±¡£¹ýÈ¥ÓÐ×ڽ̸æËßÎÒÃÇÈËÓв»ÐÒ£¬¶øÈç½ñµÄÉÌÒµÎÄ»¯È´Ö»Ðû´«ÐÒ¸££¬×÷Õ߶Դ˲»Âú¡£ÓÐЩÎÊÌâÌáʾÈçÏ£º
¡¡¡¡36ÌâÊǸöÀýÖ¤Ì⣬ÎÊÌáµ½Á½Î»Ê«È˵ÄÄ¿ºÎÔÚ¡£ÔÎľÙÕâÁ½Î»Ê«ÈËÊÇΪÁË˵Ã÷ÒÕÊõ¼ÒµÄת±ä£º¹ýÈ¥ÃèÊöÐÒ¸££¬ºóÀ´ÃèÊö²»ÐÒ¡£Òò´ËBΪÕýÈ·´ð°¸¡£
¡¡¡¡37ÌâÒÑÔÚÇ°Ãæ˵¹ý¡£
¡¡¡¡38Ì⣬ÓÉÔÎÄ¿ÉÖª£¬Èç½ñµÄ¹ã¸æ¸øÈËÔì³ÉÐÒ¸£µÄ»Ã¾õ£¬¶ø·ÇÕæµÄÐÒ¸££¬ÄÇôDΪÕýÈ·´ð°¸¡£
¡¡¡¡39Ì⣬¸ù¾ÝÎÄÕÂ×îºó¿ÉÒÔÍƳö×÷Õß¾õµÃÄÇЩÐûÑï²»ÐÒµÄÒÕÊõÁîÈ˲»¿ì(distasteful)£¬µ«ÊÇÁîÈËÓÐÇåÐÂÖ®¸Ð(refreshing)£¬Òò´Ë´ð°¸ÎªC¡£
¡¡¡¡40Ì⣬ÓÉÎÄÖпÉÖª£¬×Ú½ÌÔÚ¹ýÈ¥ÌáÐÑÈËÃÇ¿àÄѵĴæÔÚ£¬Èç½ñÐû´«²»ÐÒµÄÒÕÊõÆð×ÅͬÑùµÄ×÷Óá£A˵µ½ÁË×ڽ̵ÄÕâÒ»×÷Óã¬ÎªÕýÈ·´ð°¸¡£
¡¡¡¡ÓÉÉÏÃæµÄ½â˵¿ÉÒÔ¿´³ö£¬½ñÄêµÄÔĶÁÀí½âÌâµÄÄѶÈÓëÈ¥Äê²î²»¶à£¬Ö»ÒªÄܹ»°ÑÎÒÃǹýÈ¥½²µÄһЩ×öÌâ·½·¨³Ô͸£¬ÔÙ¼ÓÉϽÏÔúʵµÄ´Ê»ã»ù´¡ºÍÔĶÁÄÜÁ¦£¬µÃÒ»¸ö×Ô¼ºÂúÒâµÄ·ÖÊý²»ÊÇÌ«ÄÑ¡£×£´ó¼ÒÔĶÁ²¿·ÖºÍÕû¸ööλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØÓ¢Ó³öÀíÏëµÄ·ÖÊý£¡
öλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØÐÂÌâÐÍÓë·ÒëÖ÷½²
¡¡¡¡±±¾©Ðº½µÀѧУËļ¶ÌýÁ¦Ö÷½²£¬ÆßÑ¡ÎåÐÂÌâÐÍÖ÷½²£¬Ó¢ÓïÓïÑÔÎÄѧöλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØ˶ʿ£¬±±¾©µçӰѧԺӢÓｲʦ¡£Ôж«·½Ëļ¶ÌýÁ¦¿Î³ÌÖ÷½²£¬Áí¼æÈÎÍâÑÐÉçÏîÄ¿±à¼£¬·¢±í¡¶ÎÄ×Ö£ºË¼Î¬µÄ¾µÏñ¡·¡¢¡¶Öйú·ÒëÑо¿µÄÃÀѧÇé½á¡·µÈ×÷Æ·£¬³ö°æ¡¶Ó¢ÓïÃûÑÔÑèÓＯ½õ¡·¡¢¡¶´óѧӢÓïÒ»¿¼Í¨£ºËÄ¡¢Áù¼¶¿ÚÓï¡·µÈרÖø£¬½ÌѧÈÏÕ渺Ôð£¬ÊڿλۿÚÍÂÓñ£¬ÉÆÓÚ×ܽá¹éÄÉ£¬³äÂú¼¤Çé¡£
¡¡¡¡Ò»¡¢½ñÄê7Ñ¡5ÌâÐ͵ÄÕûÌå·ÖÎö
¡¡¡¡×ܵÄÀ´Ëµ£¬½ñÄêµÄ7Ñ¡5ÌâÐͱÈÈ¥Äê¼òµ¥¡£½ñÄêµÄ¿¼ÌâÊǹØÓÚ¡°¶Ä²©¡±Õâ¸öÉç»áÎÊÌâµÄÌÖÂ۵ģ¬ÎÄÕ´ÓÉú¶¯ÏÊÃ÷µÄʵÀýÒýÈ룬¼Ì¶ø̸µ½¸÷´óýÌå¶ÔÕâ¸öÎÊÌâµÄ·´Ó¦ºÍÌÖÂÛ£¬ÊǷdz£ÏÊÃ÷µÄÎ÷·½±¨¿¯ÔÓÖ¾µÄÎÄÕµķç¸ñ£¬¶ÔÓÚ¾³£ÔĶÁÓ¢Îı¨¿¯ÔÓÖ¾µÄͬѧ£¬ÕâÑùµÄÎÄÕÂÆäʵ²¢²»ÄÑÉÏÊÖ¡£
¡¡¡¡Í¬Ê±£¬²»¿ÉÖÊÒɵÄÊÇ£¬½ñÄêµÄ¿¼Ìâ²»½ö½öÇ¿µ÷ÁË¿¼ÉúµÄ´Ê»ãÁ¿ÎÊÌ⣬¶øÇÒ´Ó¸üÉîÒ»²½Ç¿µ÷ÁË¿¼Éú¶ÔÓÚÎ÷·½ÎÄ»¯µÄÀí½â¡£ÎÄÖÐcasinoÒ»´Ê£¬¾Í´øÓÐÏÊÃ÷µÄÎ÷·½ÎÄ»¯ÌØÕ÷£¬±íʾ¡°¶Ä³¡¡±¡£ºÜ¶àͬѧÊìϤgambleÒ»´Ê£¬µ«ÊǶÔÓÚcasino²¢²»¼ûµÃÁ˽⡣Õâ¸öµ¥´ÊÔ±¾ÊÇÒâ´óÀûÓÊÇ casaµÄС×Öβ¡°·¿ÎÝ¡±£¬¶øÆä±¾ÉíÒ²À´×ÔÓÚÀ¶¡Óï casa£¬Òâ˼ÊÇ¡°´åÉᡢСÎÝ¡¢Ã©ÎÝ¡£¡±×îÆð³õ£¬Õâ¸ö´ÊרÃÅÓÃÀ´Ö¸Ò»ËùÏç¼ä·¿ÎÝ£¬ºóÀ´Öð½¥Ñݱä³ÉÓÃÀ´Ö¸Ò»¸öÉç½»¾Û»á³¡Ëù£¬ÈËÃÇ¿ÉÒÔÔÚÄÇÀïÌøÎè¡¢ÌýÒôÀֺͶIJ©¡£¶øËæ×Åʱ´ú·¢Õ¹£¬¶Ä²©ÕâÖÖÓéÀֵĵØλËƺõÒÑÔÚÆäËûÓéÀÖÖ®ÉÏ£¬ÓÚÊÇËü¿ªÊ¼ÓÐÁË¡°¶Ä³¡¡±µÄº¬Òå¡£¶øÏÖÔÚ£¬Õâ¸öÒâ´óÀû´ÊµÄÕâЩÒâÒ嶼Òѱ»½èÓõ½Ó¢ÓïÖУ»¡°Éç½»¾Û»á³¡Ëù¡±Õâ²ãÒâ˼ÔÚ18ÊÀ¼ÍÊ״α»¼Ç¼ÏÂÀ´£¬¡°¶Ä³¡¡±µÄº¬ÒåÔÚ1851Äê±»Ê״μǼÏÂÀ´¡£ÔÚÎ÷·½£¬±êÓÐcasinoµÄµØ·½¼¸ºõÿ¸ö´ó³ÇÊж¼Ëæ´¦¿É¼û£¬¶øcasinoÕâÑùµÄ¶Ä²©³¡Ëù¸øÈËÃÇ´øÀ´µÄÎÊÌâÒ²Ô½À´Ô½Ã÷ÏÔ£¬ÓÚÊǾÍÓÐÁ˹ØÓÚcasinoµÄÌÖÂÛ¡£Ëæ×ÅÒòÌØÍøµÄ³öÏÖ£¬·½±ã¿ì½ÝµÄÔÚÏßcasinoÒ²Ô½À´Ô½Ê¢ÐУ¬ÔÚgoogleÉÏËÑË÷һϡ°casino¡±£¬Äã¿ÉÒÔÕÒµ½ÎÞÊýµÄcasino online¡£¶ÔÓÚ¿¼ÉúÀ´Ëµ£¬Ñ§Ï°Ó¢ÓïµÄͬʱÊìϤӢÓï¹ú¼ÒµÄÎÄ»¯ÊǷdz£ÖØÒªµÄÒ»·½Ã棬ÕâÒ²ÊǽñÄ꿼Ìâ³öÌâµÄÒ»¸öºÜÃ÷ÏÔµÄÇ÷ÊÆ£¬Ï£ÍûÏÂÄê¶ÈÒªöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔصÄͬѧעÒâ¡£
¡¡¡¡³ý´ËÒÔÍ⣬½ñÄêµÄ¿¼Ì⻹ÊÇÒªÌáÐÑͬѧÃǹØÓÚ×öÌâµÄ¾ßÌåµÄ²½Öè¡£µÚÒ»²½£º¶ÁÊ׾䣬Ã÷´óÒ⡣ŪÃ÷°×ÎÄÕµĴóÒ⣬ÔÚ´ðÌâµÄʱºòÀÎÀοÛסÎÄÕµÄÖ÷Ö¼£¬ÐÄÖÐÈç¹ûÄÜÀμÇÎÄÕÂÖ÷Ö¼£¬´ðÌâʱ¾ÍÄÜ×öµ½ÓÐÌõ²»ÎÉ¡£µÚ¶þ²½£º¹ÛÑ¡ÏÕÒÌØÕ÷¡£ÎÄÕ´óÒâÃ÷Á˺ó£¬Ò»¶¨Òª³ÁÏÂÐÄÀ´×Ðϸ¹Û²ìÑ¡ÏǧÍò²»ÄÜÂí»¢£¬°ÑÎÄÕµÄÏνӺÍÁ¬¹áµÄÊֶΣ¬±È·½ËµÈ˳ƴú´Ê¡¢Ö¸Ê¾´ú´Ê¡¢Á¬½Ó´Ê¡¢¸´ÏÖͬÏÖÕâЩ´ÊÓï±ê¼Ç³öÀ´¡£µÚÈý²½£º¿´Ç°ºó£¬×¥ÏßË÷¡£¹Û²ìÍêÑ¡Ïîºó£¬Ôٻص½ÔÎĶ¨Î»£¬×¥×¡¿ÕÇ°¿ÕºóµÄ¾ä×Ó£¬Ëø¶¨Ä¿±ê´ð°¸µÄÌØÕ÷¡£µÚËIJ½£º²éÈ«ÎÄ£¬¶Ô´ð°¸¡£ÕâÒ»ÌõÖ¸µÄÊÇ×îºóÓôúÈ뷨ͨ¶ÁÈ«ÎÄ£¬¼ì²é´ð°¸ÊDz»ÊǺܺÏÀí¡£Èç¹ûͬѧÃÇÄÜ×ñÕÕÕâËIJ½´ðÌ⣬ÄÇôÆäʵÎÄÕºÜÈÝÒ×ץסÏßË÷À´´ðÌâ¡£
¡¡¡¡ÁíÍ⣬ÓÉÓÚ2005Ä꿼¸ÙÉϹ«²¼µÄÐÂÌâÐÍÓÐÈýÖÖ£¬ËùÒԺܶàͬѧÔÚ¸´Ï°×¼±¸Ê±¾ÍãȻ²»ÖªËù´ë£¬ÆäʵÕâÈýÖÖÌâÐÍ˵µ½µ×ÊÇÍò±ä²»ÀëÆä×ڵģ¬¶¼ÊÇ¿¼²ìÎÄÕµÄÏνÓÓëÁ¬¹á£¬¶øÆßÑ¡ÎåÌâÐÍÊÇÕâÈýÖÖÌâÐ͵Ļù±¾ÌâÐÍ£¬×öºÃÁËÆßÑ¡ÎåÌâÐÍ£¬ÆäËüÁ½ÖÖÒ²ÓÈжø½â£¬ÕâÒ»µãÎÒÉϿεÄʱºòÒ²Ôø¾Ëµµ½¹ý£¬ËùÒÔ½ñÄê¼ÌÐø¿¼²ìÆßÑ¡Î壬²»Ó¦¸Ã³öºõͬѧÃǵÄÒâÁÏÖ®Íâ¡£
¡¡¡¡¶þ¡¢½ñÄê7Ñ¡5ÌâÐ͵ľßÌå·ÖÎö
¡¡¡¡Äõ½ÎÄÕÂÒÔºó£¬ÏȲ»Òª¼±×Å×ö£¬ÒªÏȹ۲ìһϡ£¿´¿´41¿¼¶ÎÖУ¬42¿¼¶Î⣬43¿¼¶ÎÂ䣬44¿¼¶ÎÖУ¬45¿¼¶Îβ¡£
¡¡¡¡1¡¢¶ÁÊ׾䣬Ã÷´óÒâ
¡¡¡¡ÎÄÕµÚÒ»¶ÎµÄÎÄ×Ö¼òµ¥£¬ÓÃÒ»¸öʵÀýÒý³öÁËÎÄÕµÄÌÖÂÛÄÚÈÝ¡£Ê׶ÎÌáµ½£º¡°WilliamsÔڶij¡Àï¶ÄÁ˺ü¸Ä꣬ËûÿÄêͨ¹ý¶Ä²©×¬½ø$35£¬000£¬ µ«ÊÇÊäµôµÄÈ´ÊÇ$175£¬000¡£Ëû¿ªÊ¼¶Ä²©ÊÇÒòΪ¶Ä³¡Ôø¾Ë͸øËûÒ»ÕżÛÖµ$20µÄÓÅ»Ýȯ¡£¡±ºÜÃ÷ÏÔ£¬ÎÄÕÂÌáµ½µÄ¿Ï¶¨ÊǹØÓڶIJ©µÄÎÊÌ⣬¶øÇÒWilliamsÔڶij¡ÀïÓ®ÉÙÊä¶à£¬ÄÇô¶Ä²©ÏÔÈ»²»ÊǼþºÃÊÂÇ飬¸øWilliams´øÀ´µÄÍ´¿à¡£¶øWilliams¿ªÊ¼¶Ä²©ÊÇÒòΪÄÇÕÅÓÅ»Ýȯ£¬ÄÇôÏÔʾÊǶij¡ÓÐÒâÓÕµ¼ÁËWilliamsÕâÖÖÒâÖ¾±¡ÈõµÄÈ˽øÐжIJ©¡£Ì¸Â۶IJ©µÄ·½·½ÃæÃ棬ÓÈÆäÊǶIJ©µÄΣº¦ÐÔÊÇÎÄÕµÄÌÖÂÛÖص㣬¿¼ÉúÔÚ×öÌâÇ°Ò»¶¨ÒªÐÄÖÐÓÐÊý¡£
¡¡¡¡2¡¢¹ÛÑ¡ÏÕÒÌØÕ÷
¡¡¡¡¿ÉÒÔÏÈɨÃèÒ»ÏÂÑ¡Ï°Ñÿ¸öÑ¡ÏîÖеÄÌØÕ÷´Ê£¬ÈçÊý´Ê¡¢Á¬½Ó´Ê¡¢´ú´ÊµÈ»®³öÀ´¡£Í¬Ê±£¬ÒªÃ÷ȷÿ¸öÑ¡ÏîµÄ´óÒâ¡£
¡¡¡¡(A).Although no such evidence was presented, the casino's marketing department continued to pepper him with mailings. And he entered the casino and used his Fun Card without being detected.
¡¡¡¡×¢Ò⵽תÕÛÁ¬´Êalthough£¬ÄÇô±íÃ÷´ËÑ¡ÏîÈç¹ûÈëÑ¡£¬ºÍÇ°ÎıØÈ»´æÔÚתÕÛ¹Øϵ¡£¶øsuch evidenceÒ»´Ê±íÃ÷´ËÑ¡ÏîÈç¹ûÈëÑ¡£¬Ç°ÎıØÈ»ÌᵽijÖÖevidence¡£ÁíÍ⣬һ¶¨Òª×¢Òâthe casino's marketing department continued to pepper him with mailingsÒ»¾äÖеÄcontinueÒ»´Ê¡£Õâ¾ä»°µÄÒâ˼ÊÇ˵¡°casinoµÄÊг¡²¿¼ÌÐø¸øËû´óÁ¿Ð´ÐÅ¡±£¬ÄÇôºÜÃ÷ÏÔ£¬Èç¹û´ËÑ¡ÏîÈëÑ¡£¬Ç°ÎıØÈ»Ôø¾Ìáµ½casino¸øËûдÐÅ¡£µ±È»£¬¸ÃÑ¡ÏîµÄ×îºóÒ»¾äÌáµ½ÁËhis Fun CardÕâ¸öרÓÐÃû´Ê£¬ÄÇô´ËÑ¡ÏîÈç¹ûÈëÑ¡£¬Ç°ÎĿ϶¨Ôø¾Ìáµ½¹ýFun Card£¬²¢¶ÔÖ®×ö³ö¹ýÏàÓ¦½éÉÜ¡£
¡¡¡¡(B). It is unclear what luring was required, given his compulsive behavior. And in what sense was his will operative?
¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÑ¡ÏîºÜ¶Ì£¬ÓÉÁ½¸öÎʾä×é³É¡£Ñ¡Ïî˵¡°Éв»Çå³þÊÇʲôÑù×ÓµÄÓÕ»óµ¼ÖÂÁËËûµÄËùν²»ÇéÔ¸µÄÐÐΪ£¬Ò²Éв»Çå³þËû×Ô¼ºµÄÒâÔ¸¾¿¾¹ÈçºÎ¡£¡±ÓÉÓÚÑ¡Ïî¶Ì£¬¿ÉÒÔºÜÇå³þµÄÖªµÀÑ¡ÏîµÄ´óÒâ¡£ÄÇô£¬Èç¹û´ËÑ¡ÏîÈëÑ¡£¬Ç°ÎĿ϶¨Ôø¾Ìáµ½ÓÐʲôÓÕ»óµ¼ÖÂÁËËûµÄËùν²»ÇéÔ¸µÄÐÐΪ£¬Ò²¿Ï¶¨Ôø¾Ìáµ½¹ýËùνµÄËû×Ô¼ºµÄÒâÔ¸¡£ÕâЩ´Ê¶¼¿ÉÒÔ×÷Ϊ±êÖ¾´Ê»®³öÀ´¡£
¡¡¡¡(C).By the time he had lost $5,000 he said to himself that if he could get back to even, he would quit. One night he won $5,500, but he did not quit.
¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÑ¡ÏîÖÐ×îÃ÷ÏÔµÄÌØÕ÷´Êµ±È»ÊÇÊý´Ê£¬¿¼ÉúÐèÒª°ÑÊý´ÊÈ«²¿»®ÏÂÀ´¡£Ñ¡ÏîÒâΪ¡°ÔÚËûÊäµô$5£¬000µÄʱºò£¬Ëû¶Ô×Ô¼ºËµ£¬Èç¹û°ÑÊäµôµÄÓ®»ØÀ´Ëû¾ÍÊÕÊÖÁË¡£Ò»¸öÍíÉÏËûȷʵӮÁË$5£¬500£¬µ«ÊÇËû²¢Ã»ÓÐÊÕÊÖ¡±¡£ºÜÃ÷ÏÔ£¬Õâ¸öÑ¡ÏîÈÔÈ»Ìáµ½Williams¶Ä²©µÄ¹ý³Ì¡£
¡¡¡¡(D).Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, but for a long time it was broadly considered a sin, or a social disease. Now it is a social policy: the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America is government.
¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÑ¡ÏîÌáµ½£º¡°¶Ä²©ÏÖÔÚÊÇÃÀ¹úÈËÉú»îÖкܳ£¼ûµÄÊÂÇéÁË£¬µ«ÊǺܳ¤Ê±¼äÒ»À´£¬¶Ä²©Æäʵ¶¼±»ÊÓΪÊÇ·¸×ï»òÉç»áÎÊÌâ¡£ÆäʵÃÀ¹ú¶Ä²©µÄ×îÖØÒªºÍ×î»ý¼«µÄÍƽøÕßÊÇÃÀ¹úÕþ¸®¡±¡£Õâ¸öÑ¡ÏîÖÐÖ±½ÓÌáµ½ÁËÃÀ¹úÕþ¸®ÔÚÃÀ¹úÈ˶IJ©Ï°¹ßÖÐËù°çÑݵĽÇÉ«£¬ÕâµãÒªÀμǡ£
¡¡¡¡(E).David Williams¡¯s suit should trouble this gambling nation. But don¡¯t bet on it.
¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÑ¡ÏîÖ»ÓÐÒ»¾ä»°£¬Ìáµ½¡°WilliamsµÄ¸ö°¸¿ÉÄÜ»á¸øÕâ¸ö¶Ä²©³ÉÐԵĹú¼Ò´øÀ´Ó°Ï죬¸øÈËÃǵĶIJ©ÉúÑÄ´øÀ´Âé·³£¬µ«ÊÇÒ²²»Ò»¶¨¡±¡£Æäʵ±È½ÏÃ÷ÏÔµÄÊÇ£¬Õâ¸öÑ¡ÏîÊôÓÚ×ܽáÀàÐ͵ľä×Ó£¬×ܽá˵Ã÷WilliamsµÄ°¸Àý¸øÃÀ¹úÉç»á´øÀ´µÄ¿ÉÄܽá¹û¡£¶øÇÒ¿¼Éú»¹Òª×¢Òâµ½trouble this gambling nationÖÐthisÕâ¸öָʾ´ú´Ê£¬Õâ¸ö´ÊÓï±íÃ÷£¬Èç¹ûÕâ¸öÑ¡ÏîÈëÑ¡£¬Ç°Ãæ¿Ï¶¨Ôø¾ÃèÊö¹ýÕâ¸ö¹ú¼ÒµÄ¶Ä²©Çé¿ö¡£
¡¡¡¡(F). It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioral problems, often defining as addictions what earlier, sterner generations explained as weakness of will.
¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÑ¡Ïî˵¡°ÁîÈ˲»°²µÄÊÇ£¬Éç»áÏÖÔÚÕýÔÚÓÃҽѧ·½·¨´¦ÀíÔ½À´Ô½¶àµÄÕâÑùµÄÐÐΪÎÊÌ⣬ÓÈÆäÊǶÔÒÔÇ°µÄ¶«Î÷ÉÏñ«µÄÎÊÌ⣬¸ü¼Ó²»¿ÍÆøµÄ˵£¬ÆäʵÕâÊÇÒ»¸öÒâÖ¾Á¦±¡ÈõµÄÎÊÌ⡱¡£×¢ÒâmedicalizeÒ»´Ê£¬±íʾ¡°ÓÃҽѧ·½·¨´¦Àí(·ÇҽѧÎÊÌâµÈ)¡±¡£»¹Òª×¢ÒâµÄÊÇ£¬Èç¹ûÕâ¸öÑ¡ÏîÈëÑ¡£¬Ç°ÎĿ϶¨Ìáµ½¹ýÓÃҽѧ·½·¨À´´¦ÀíÐÐΪÎÊÌ⣬¶øÕâÑùµÄÒ½Öη½·¨Ô½À´Ô½Ê¢ÐУ¬ËùÒÔ²ÅÁîÈ˲»°²¡£
¡¡¡¡(G). The anonymous, lonely, undistracted nature of online gambling is especially conductive to compulsive behavior. But even if the government knew how to move against Internet gambling, what would be its grounds for doing so?
¡¡¡¡Õâ¸öÑ¡ÏîÌáµ½ÁËonline gambling(ÔÚÏ߶IJ©)µÄÎÊÌâ¡£ÄÇôʲôÊÇÔÚÏ߶IJ©£¿ÔÚÏ߶IJ©µÄΣº¦ÊÇʲô£¿Èç¹ûÕâ¸öÑ¡ÏîÈëÑ¡£¬Ç°ÃæÓ¦¸ÃÒªÓнéÉÜ¡£
¡¡¡¡3¡¢¿´Ç°ºó£¬×¥ÏßË÷
¡¡¡¡41¿Õ£º
¡¡¡¡´Ë¿ÕΪ¶ÎÖÐÌâ¡£
¡¡¡¡¿ÕÇ°ÎÄ×Ö˵µÄÊÇWillliamsµÄ¶Ä²©¾Àú¡£Ìáµ½ÁËһЩÊý´Ê£¬×÷ΪÌØÕ÷´Ê£¬¿¼ÉúÓ¦¸Ã×¢Òâ¡£³õ´Î¶Ä²©£¬ËûÊäµôÁ˶ij¡ÔùË͵Ä20ÃÀÔªÓÅ»Ýȯ¡£µÚ¶þ´Î¶Ä²©£¬ÊäµôÁË800ÃÀÔª¡£È»ºó¶Ä³¡ÓÖ¸ã»î¶¯£¬ËÍËûÒ»ÕÅFun Card£¬¿ÉÒÔÓÃÕâÕÅ¿¨Ôڶij¡¶Ä²©Ê±Ë¢¿¨³ÔÃâ·Ñ²Í£¬ºÈÃâ·ÑÒûÁÏ£¬Í¬Ê±Ò²¼Ç¼ËûµÄ¶Ä²©»î¶¯¡£¶øÇÒWilliamsºóÀ´ÈÏΪÕâЩ»î¶¯¼òÖ±¾ÍÊÇ¡°µç×ÓÂð·È¡±¡£
¡¡¡¡¿ÕºóÎÄ×Ö¼ÌÐø˵WilliamsµÄ¶Ä²©»î¶¯£¬Í¬Ê±Ò²Ìáµ½ÁËһЩÁÐÊý×Ö¡£ÄÇô¸ù¾ÝͬÏÖ¸´ÏÖÔÔò£¬ºÁÎÞÒÉÎÊ£¬41¿ÕÒ²»áÌáµ½WilliamsµÄ¶Ä²©¾Àú£¬¶øÇҺܿÉÄܳöÏÖÊý×Ö¡£ºÜÃ÷ÏÔ£¬Ö»ÓÐÑ¡ÏîC·ûºÏ£¬ËùÒÔ41¿ÕºÜ¿ìÑ¡C¡£
¡¡¡¡42¿Õ£º
¡¡¡¡´Ë¿ÕΪ¶ÎβÌâ¡£
¡¡¡¡¶ÔÓÚ¶ÎβÌ⣬µ±È»ÒªÀÎÀÎץס¿ÕÇ°ÎÄ×Ö¡£¿ÕÇ°ÎÄ×ÖÌáµ½£¬WilliamsµÄÒ»¸öÅóÓѺóÀ´°ÑËûË͵½ÁËÒ»¸öÖÎÁÆÖÐÐÄÈ¥ÖÎÁƶÄñ«£¬»¹Ð´ÐŸøCasino¸æÖªÕâ¼þÊÂÇé¡£Casino×÷³öµÄ·´Ó¦ÊÇ£¬°ÑWilliamsÁÐÈë½ûÖ¹¶Ä²©ÈËÔ±µÄÃûµ¥£¬Í¬Ê±¸øËûдÐÅ˵Ã÷¶Ä²©¶ÔÉíÐĵÄΣº¦£¬ÐÅÖл¹Ìáµ½£¬ÔÚWilliamsÖØÐÂÈë»á֮ǰ£¬¶Ä³¡²»»á¶ÔÆäÈËÉí²Æ²ú×ö³öÍþв¡£±È½ÏÃ÷ÏÔµÄÊÇ£¬¿ÕÇ°ÎÄ×Ö·´¸´Ìáµ½ÁËдÐÅһʣ¬Ñ¡ÏîÖÐÖ»ÓÐAÌáµ½ÁË¡°casinoµÄÊг¡²¿¼ÌÐø¸øËû´óÁ¿Ð´ÐÅ¡±¡£42¿ÕÑ¡A¡£
¡¡¡¡43¿Õ£º
¡¡¡¡´Ë¿ÕΪ¶ÎÂäÌâ¡£
¡¡¡¡¿ÕÇ°ÎÄ×ÖÌáµ½¡°WilliamsÌá³öÖ¸¿Ø£¬CasinoÃ÷Ã÷ÖªµÀËûÎ޿ɾÈÒ©µÄÃÔÁµÉ϶IJ©£¬»¹¹ÊÒâÒýÓÕËû´ÓÊÂÎ¥±³ËûÒâÔ¸µÄ»î¶¯¡±¡£×¢Òâ¿ÕÇ°ÎÄ×ÖÖÐµÄ ¡°lure¡±ºÍ¡°will¡±Á½´Ê£¬ÔÚÕâÀï·Ö±ð±íʾ¡°Óջ󡱺͡°ÒâÔ¸¡±¡£¿¼ÉúÓ¦¸ÃºÜ¿ìÄÜÏ뵽ѡÏîB£¬Ç°ÃæÌáµ½¹ý£¬Èç¹ûBÑ¡ÏîÈëÑ¡£¬Ç°ÎĿ϶¨Ôø¾Ìáµ½ÓÐʲôÓÕ»óµ¼ÖÂÁËËûµÄËùν²»ÇéÔ¸µÄÐÐΪ£¬Ò²¿Ï¶¨Ôø¾Ìáµ½¹ýËùνµÄËû×Ô¼ºµÄÒâÔ¸£¬ËùÒÔ43¿ÕÑ¡B¡£
¡¡¡¡44¿Õ£º
¡¡¡¡´Ë¿ÕΪ¶ÎÖÐÌâ¡£
¡¡¡¡¿ÕÇ°ÎÄ×ÖÌáµ½Ò»¼ÒҽѧÔÓÖ¾Ìáµ½µÄ¡°²¡Ì¬¶Ä²©¡±µÄ¸ÅÄ´Óҽѧ½Ç¶ÈÀ´Ì¸¶Ä²©¡£Èç¹û×Ðϸ·ÖÎö¹ýÑ¡Ï¿¼ÉúÓ¦¸ÃºÜ¿ìÄÜÏ뵽ѡÏîF£¬Ç°ÃæÒѾÌáµ½¹ý£¬Èç¹ûFÑ¡ÏîÈëÑ¡£¬Ç°ÎĿ϶¨Ìáµ½¹ýÓÃҽѧ·½·¨À´´¦ÀíËùνÐÐΪÎÊÌ⣬Èç¶Ä²©£¬¶øÕâÑùµÄÒ½Öη½·¨Ô½À´Ô½Ê¢ÐУ¬ËùÒÔ²ÅÁîÈ˲»°²£¬ÄÇôFÑ¡Ïî·ÅÔÚÕâÀï×îºÏÊÊ£¬ËùÒÔ44¿ÕÑ¡F¡£
¡¡¡¡45¿Õ£º
¡¡¡¡´Ë¿ÕΪ¶ÎβÌâ¡£
¡¡¡¡¿ÕÇ°Ìáµ½£¬¡°ÓÉÓÚ¿ÆѧµÄÍƶ¯£¬Éç»áÕýÔÚ°ÑÕâÖÖÐÐΪÖØйéÀà¡£ Ôø¾±»ÈÏΪÐÔ¸ñȱÏݺ͵ÀµÂ°Ü»µ£¬ÏÖÔÚÒѾ±»»®ÎªÁ˲¡Ì¬È˸ñµÄ·¶³ë£¬ÓëÉúÀí²ÐÕÏÀàËÆ¡±¡£
¡¡¡¡¿ÕºóÎÄ×ÖÌáµ½£¬ÃÀ¹úÓÐ44¸öÖÝÓвÊƱ»î¶¯£¬29¸öÖÝÓжij¡£¬¶øÇÒ´ó¶àÊýÖÝÔÚ²»Í¬³Ì¶ÈÉÏÒÀ¿¿ÕâЩ¶Ä²©»î¶¯»ñµÃË°ÊÕ¡£¼Ì¶øÒýÈëÁËÍøÉ϶IJ©µÄ¸ÅÄµÚÒ»¸ö¶Ä²©ÍøµÄ´´Á¢Ê±¼ä£¬ÍøÉ϶IJ©µÄ·¢Õ¹µÈµÈ¡£
¡¡¡¡ÏÖÔÚ»¹Ê£ÏÂD/E/GÈý¸öÑ¡Ïî¡£ÎÒÃÇÀ´¹Û²ìÒ»ÏÂÕâÈý¸öÑ¡Ïî¡£
¡¡¡¡Ç°ÃæÌáµ½¹ý£¬ GÌáµ½µÄÊÇonline gambling(ÔÚÏ߶IJ©)µÄÎÊÌâ¡£ÄÇôʲôÊÇÔÚÏ߶IJ©£¿ÔÚÏ߶IJ©µÄΣº¦ÊÇʲô£¿Èç¹ûGÈëÑ¡£¬Ç°ÃæÓ¦¸ÃÒªÓнéÉÜ¡£ºÜÃ÷ÏÔ£¬45¿ÕÔÚ¿Õºó²Å³õ´ÎÒýÈëÍøÉ϶IJ©µÄ¸ÅÄËùÒÔ45¿Õ²»ÄÜÑ¡G£¬GÓ¦¸ÃÔÚÎÄÕÂ×îºóÒ»¶ÎºóÃæ³öÏֱȽϺÏÊÊ¡£
¡¡¡¡EÌáµ½WilliamsµÄ¸ö°¸¿ÉÄÜ»á¸øÕâ¸ö¶Ä²©³ÉÐԵĹú¼Ò´øÀ´Ó°Ï죬¸øÈËÃǵĶIJ©ÉúÑÄ´øÀ´Âé·³£¬µ«ÊÇÒ²²»Ò»¶¨¡£Èç¹ûÕâ¸öÑ¡ÏîÈëÑ¡£¬Ç°Ãæ¿Ï¶¨Ôø¾ÃèÊö¹ýÕâ¸ö¹ú¼ÒµÄ¶Ä²©Çé¿ö¡£ºÜÃ÷ÏÔ£¬Õâ¸ö¹ú¼ÒµÄ¶Ä²©Çé¿ö£¬±ÈÈçÓÐÿ¸öÖݵĶIJ©×´¿öµÈµÈÎÊÌâÊÇÔÚ45¿Õ¿ÕºóÌáµ½µÄ£¬EÑ¡Ïî³öÏÖÔÚÎÄÕÂ×îºó²ÅºÏÊÊ£¬ËùÒÔ45¿Õ²»ÄÜÑ¡E¡£
¡¡¡¡DÖ±½ÓÌáµ½ÁËÃÀ¹úÕþ¸®ÔÚÃÀ¹úÈ˶IJ©Ï°¹ßÖÐËù°çÑݵĽÇÉ«¡£¶ø45¿Õ¿ÕºóÎÄ×ÖÌáµ½ÁËÕþ¸®Ö®ËùÒÔÕâÑù×öÖ÷ÒªÊÇÒòΪҪ´Ó¶Ä²©»î¶¯ÖÐÈ¡µÃË°ÊÕ£¬ËùÒÔDÑ¡Ïî³ÐÉÏÆôÏ£¬45¿ÕÓ¦¸ÃÑ¡D¡£
¡¡¡¡4¡¢²ìÈ«ÎÄ£¬¶Ô´ð°¸
¡¡¡¡°ÑÑ¡Ïî´ú½øÈ¥£¬¿´¿´ÊDz»ÊǺÏÊÊ¡£ÕâÒ»²½Ö÷ÒªÊÇ¿´Òâ˼ÊÇ·ñÏàÁ¬£¬ÊÇ·ñÕâÊÇһƪÍêÕûµÄÎÄÕ¡£ÎÄÕµĽṹºÍÂöÂçÊÇ·ñÇå³þ¡£
¡¡¡¡±¾ÎÄÊÇһƪºÜµäÐ͵ı¨¿¯ÔÓÖ¾ÆÀÂÛÎÄÕ£¬ÒÔÊÂÀýÌá³öÂ۵㣬ÒÔ¸÷·½Ã½ÌåµÄÆÀÂÛÕ¹¿ªÂÛÖ¤¡£
¡¡¡¡×ܵÄÀ´Ëµ£¬ÎÄÕÂÄѶȲ»ÊǺܴó£¬Ö÷ÒªÊÇץסÖ÷Ö¼£¬°ÑÎÕÏßË÷£¬±£³ÖÇåÐѵÄÍ·ÄÔºÍÃôÈñµÄ˼ά¡£Ï£Íû´ó¼Ò¿¼³öÀ´ºÃ³É¼¨£¬Ò²Ï£Íû´ó¼ÒÄܹ»½øÈë×Ô¼ºµÄÀíÏëѧУ¡£
öλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØ·ÒëÖ÷½²
¡¡¡¡±±¾©Ê¦·¶´óѧ·Òëѧ˶ʿ£¬Ó¢Ó︱½ÌÊÚ£¬20ÄêµÄÓ¢Óï½ÌѧÓë·Òë¾Ñ飬¶à´Î±»ÆÀΪÓÅÐã½Ìʦ¡£³ö°æÖø¡¢Òë×÷Ê®Óಿ£¬µ£ÈιýлªÉç¡¢¡¶Ó¢ÓïÊÀ½ç¡·ÌØԼ׫¸åÈ˺ÍÉóУÈË£¬ÔÚ¡¶Öйú·Òë¡·µÈ¹ú¼Ò¼¶öλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØÔÓÖ¾ÉÏ·¢±íµÄÂÛÎÄÔÚѧÊõ½çÒýÆðÇ¿ÁÒ·´Ïì¡£1997Ä꿪ʼ´ÓÊÂöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔظ¨µ¼£¬¶ÔöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØÓ¢ÓïÓÐÉîÈë¶Àµ½µÄÑо¿²¢¶À´´¡°ËIJ½¶¨Î»·Òë·¨¡±£¬µÃµ½Ñ§Éú¸ß¶ÈÈÏ¿É¡£
¡¡¡¡Ò»¡¢ÕæÌâÓë²Î¿¼ÒëÎÄ£º
¡¡¡¡46. I shall define him as an individual /who has elected /as his primary duty and pleasure in life /the activity of thinking in Socratic(ËÕ¸ñÀµ×) way /about moral problems.
¡¡¡¡¡²²Î¿¼ÒëÎÄ¡³ÎÒ»á°Ñ֪ʶ·Ö×Ó¶¨ÒåΪÕâÑùµÄÈË£ºËû°ÑÓÃËÕ¸ñÀµ×·½Ê½Ë¼¿¼µÀµÂÎÊÌâ×÷ΪÈËÉúµÄÖ÷ÒªÈÎÎñºÍÀÖȤ¡£
¡¡¡¡47.His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a matter as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.
¡¡¡¡¡²²Î¿¼ÒëÎÄ¡³ÖªÊ¶·Ö×ÓµÄ×÷ÓÃÓë·¨¹ÙÏàËÆ£¬Ëû±ØÐë½ÓÊÜÒ»ÖÖÒåÎñ£¬ÄǾÍÊÇÔÚ¾¡¿ÉÄÜÇå³þµÄÊÂÇéÖнÒʾµ¼ÖÂÆä×ö³ö¾ö¶¨µÄÍÆÀí¹ý³Ì¡£
¡¡¡¡48.I have excluded him /because, (while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, )he has not been charges with the task /of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.
¡¡¡¡¡²²Î¿¼ÒëÎÄ¡³ÎÒÖ®ËùÒÔ°ÑÆÕͨ¿Æѧ¼ÒÅųýÔÚÍ⣬ÊÇÒòΪ¾¡¹ÜËûµÄ³É¾Í¿ÉÄÜÓÐÖúÓÚ½â¾öµÀµÂÎÊÌ⣬µ«Ëû»¹Ã»³Ðµ£ÆðÑо¿µÀµÂÎÊÌâÊÂʵ·½ÃæÒÔÍâµÄÈκÎÔðÈΡ£
¡¡¡¡49. But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, /which governs his activity, /any more than a businessman is expected /to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.
¡¡¡¡¡²²Î¿¼ÒëÎÄ¡³µ«ÊÇ£¬ÆÕͨ¿Æѧ¼ÒµÄÖ÷ÒªÈÎÎñ²¢·Ç˼¿¼Ö¸µ¼ÆäÐÐΪµÄµÀµÂ¹æ·¶£¬ÕýÈçÎÒÃDz¢²»Ö¸ÍûÉÌÈ˰Ѿ«Á¦Í¶Èëµ½ÉÌÒµÐÐΪµÄ̽Ë÷Ò»Ñù¡£
¡¡¡¡50. They may teach very well /and more than earn their salaries, /but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems /which involve moral judgment.
¡¡¡¡¡²²Î¿¼ÒëÎÄ¡³ÖªÊ¶·Ö×Ó¿ÉÄܻܺá½ÌÊ飬¶øÇÒ²»½ö½öÊÇÕõ¹¤×Ê£¬µ«ÊÇËûÃǴ󲿷ÖÈ˶ÔÉæ¼°µÀµÂÅжϵÄÈËÀàÎÊÌâºÜÉÙ»òÕ߸ù±¾²»½øÐжÀÁ¢Ë¼¿¼¡£
¡¡¡¡¶þ¡¢µãÆÀ£º
¡¡¡¡×ܵÄÀ´½²£¬2006ÄêµÄ·ÒëÄѶÈÊÊÖУ¬Óë½ü¼¸ÄêµÄ·ÒëÌâûÓÐÌ«´óÇø±ð¡£ÏÂÃæÎÒÃǾßÌå¿´Ò»¿´½ñÄêµÄÖص㡢¿¼µãºÍÄѵ㣺
¡¡¡¡1.´ú´ÊÿµÀÌⶼÓÐ
¡¡¡¡2.¶¨Óï´Ó¾äÖ»ÓеÚ48ÌâûÓÐ
¡¡¡¡3.±öÓïºóÖý϶à
¡¡¡¡46ÌâelectedµÄ±öÓïthe activity of thinking
¡¡¡¡47ÌârevealingµÄ±öÓïthe course of reasoning
¡¡¡¡4.¿¼µãÖØÏֽ϶à
¡¡¡¡46ÌâÀïµÄdefine¡asÔø¾ÔÚ2003Äêµ×64Ì⿼¹ý
¡¡¡¡46ÌâºÍ47ÌâÀïµÄ±öÓïºóÖÃÔÚ2003Äêµ×65Ì⿼¹ý
¡¡¡¡47ÌâµÄreasoningÕâ¸ö´Ê·Ö±ðÔÚ1997Äêµ×75Ìâ¡¢2003Äêµ×62Ì⿼¹ý
¡¡¡¡48ÌâµÄwhileÒýµ¼Èò½×´Óï´Ó¾äÔÚ1999ÄêµÚ71Ì⿼¹ý
¡¡¡¡49ÌâµÄgovernºÍconductÁ½¸ö´Ê¶¼ÔÚ2002ÄêµÚ64Ì⿼¹ý
¡¡¡¡4.Éú´Ê½ÏÉÙ¡¢¶¯´Ê¶ÌÓï½Ï¶à
¡¡¡¡Î¨Ò»ÓÐÄѶȵĴÊÊÇ47ÌâµÄanalogous(ÏàËƵģ¬ÀàËƵÄ)(analogyµÄÅÉÉú´Ê)
¡¡¡¡48ÌâÓж¯´Ê¶ÌÓïcontribute to(ÓÐÖúÓÚ)¡¢be charged with(µ£¸º¡ÔðÈÎ)
¡¡¡¡49ÌâÓж¯´Ê¶ÌÓïdedicate to(°Ñ(ʱ¼ä¡¢¾«Á¦µÈ)ÓÃÓÚ)
¡¡¡¡50ÌâÓж¯´Ê¶ÌÓïmake reflections on(˼¿¼)
¡¡¡¡5.еĿ¼µã
¡¡¡¡48ÌâµÄbut=except(³ý¡ÒÔÍâ)
¡¡¡¡49ÌâµÄnot¡any more than(²»¡£¬ÕýÈ硲»¡Ò»Ñù)
¡¡¡¡50ÌâµÄmore than(²»½ö½ö)
Section III Writing
¡¡¡¡Part A
¡¡¡¡51. Directions:
¡¡¡¡You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.
¡¡¡¡Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your name at the end of the letter; use Li Ming instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)
¡¡¡¡Part B
¡¡¡¡52. Directions:
¡¡¡¡Study the following photos carefully and write an essay of 160~200 words in which you should
¡¡¡¡1.describe the photos briefly,
¡¡¡¡2.interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and
¡¡¡¡3.give your point of view.
¡¡¡¡ÓÐÁ½·ùͼƬ£¬Í¼1 °Ñ³ç°ÝдÔÚÁ³ÉÏ Í¼2 »¨300Ôª×ö¡°Ð¡±´Í·¡±
¡¡¡¡×¢£ºBeckham ÊÇÓ¢ ¹ú×ãÇòÃ÷ÐÇ
¡¡¡¡ÓÐÁ½ÕÅÕÕƬ£¬Ò»ÕÅÕÕƬÉÏÓÐһλÄÐÊ¿Á³ÉÏд×Å×ãÇòÃ÷ÐǵÄÃû×Ö£¬ÁíÒ»ÕÅÕÕƬÉÏÓÐÒ»¸öÄÐ×ÓÔÚÀí·¢£¬ËûÒªÇóÀí·¢Ê¦ÎªËûÉè¼ÆÒ»¸öС±´¿ËººÄ·µÄ·¢ÐÍ¡£
Ò»¡¢Ó¦ÓÃÎÄд×÷
¡¡¡¡To Whom It May Concern,
¡¡¡¡I am writing to ask you whether you could help me find a child in a remote area to whom I will offer my financial aid.
¡¡¡¡The candidate should be a girl at age 10 to 12 who is deprived of the opportunity to continue her education because of poverty. Her previous score reports should prove her potential to be an outstanding student in the future.
¡¡¡¡I would like to give the girl my financial support annually until she graduates from college. The money will cover her tuition fee and other expenses at school. Besides, I will correspond with her frequently so that she can seek advice whenever she needs.
¡¡¡¡I am looking forward to your reply.
¡¡¡¡Sincerely,
¡¡¡¡Li Ming
¡¡¡¡(125 words)
¡¡¡¡¶þ¡¢¶ÌÎÄд×÷
¡¡¡¡It goes without saying that the pictures reflect a common and serious problem in China¡ªworship of celebrities among young people. In the left hand picture, a man has had David Beckham¡¯s name written on his face. In the right hand picture, a man who is having a haircut asks his barber to cut his hair on the model of David Beckham, the popular British soccer star.
¡¡¡¡It is not uncommon for Chinese young people to have super stars as their idols. Most of them are fans of certain basketball players, football players, singers, actors and actresses at home and abroad. These fans not only watch the matches, TV serials and movies starring their heroes, but also pay a large sum of money to gain access to a live show, a concert and so on. Moreover, they imitate their idols in almost every aspect of their lives, such as their hair styles, glasses and clothes.
¡¡¡¡There is nothing wrong for one to have his own role model. However, if people adore the pop stars to the extent of losing self-control, they misunderstand the significance of popular culture. Anyway, popular culture is to enrich our life. Young people should learn how to live their own lives instead of blindly following others¡¯ footsteps.
