öλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØ

Íâ¹úÐÂÎÅÊÂҵʷ±Ê¼Ç(ÒÑÕûÀí)(3)

±¾Õ¾Ð¡±à Ãâ·ÑöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØÍø/2019-03-19


    ÌåÖÆÀàÐÍ£º¸÷¹úÓкܴó²îÒì¡£ÌåÖÆÓÐÁ½²ãÒâ˼£º¢Ù¾Í¹ã²¥µçÊÓ»ú¹¹±¾Éí¶øÑÔ£¬Ö¸ ËüµÄËùÓÐÖÆºÍ¾­Óª¹ÜÀí»úÖÆ£» ¢Ú¾ÍÕû¸ö¹ú¼Ò¶øÑÔ£¬ ָȫ¹ú¹ã²¥µçÊӵĸñ¾ÖÒÔ¼°¹ú¼Ò½øÐз¨ÂÉ ºÍÐÐÕþ¹ÜÀíµÄ·½Ê½¡£ ĿǰÖ÷Òª¼¸ÖÖÌåÖÆÀàÐÍ£º¢Ù¹úÓйúÓª£¨ÆÕ/Éç¡¢·¢£©¢Ú¹úÓй«Óª£¨ÆÕ/Å·ÖÞ£©¢ÛÉç»á ¹«Óª£ºÒ»ÖÖÊÇÉç»á¸÷½ç³ï°ì²¢¾­Óª¹ÜÀíµÄ£»Ò»ÖÖÊÇij¸ö¹«ÖÚÍÅÌå¾­°ì²¢¾­Óª¹ÜÀíµÄ¡£¢Ü˽ÓР˽Ӫ£¨ÆÕ/ÃÀ£©¢Ý¹«Ë½ºÏÓª ¹«¹²¹ã²¥µçÊÓ£º¹úÓйúÓª¡¢¹úÓй«Óª¡¢Éç»á¹«Óª¡£±È½ÏÖØÊÓÉç»áÐ§Òæ£¬×¢ÖؽÚÄ¿ µÄ½Ì»¯¹¦ÄÜ¡£ ÉÌÒµ¹ã²¥µçÊÓ£ºË½ÓÐ˽Ӫ¡¢¹«Ë½ºÏÓª¡£Ä±ÇóÉÌÒµÀûÈó¡£ ¹ÜÀí£º¶Ô¹ã²¥µçÊÓÊÂÒµ£¬Éç»áÖ÷Òå¹ú¼ÒµÄ¹ÜÀíÊÇÖ±½Ó¡¢ÐÐÕþ»¯µÄ¡£×ʱ¾Ö÷Òå¹ú¼Ò ÊǺê¹ÛµÄ¡¢¼ä½ÓµÄ¡£ µÚ¶þ½Ú ÃÀ¹ú¹ã²¥µçÊÓÒµ ÃÀ¹úºÍÊÀ½ç¹ã²¥ÊÂÒµµÄ¿ª¶Ë£º×îÔç»ñµÃÓªÒµÖ´ÕÕµÄÊÇÎ÷ÎÝµçÆø¹«Ë¾ÔÚÆ¥×ȱ¤°ìµÄ KDKA µç̨£¬1920 Äê 11 Ô 2 ÈÕÕýʽ²¥Òô¡£ È«¹ú¹ã²¥¹«Ë¾ÃüÃûΪºìÉ«¹ã²¥ÍøºÍÀ¶É«¹ã²¥Íø¡£ ¸çÂ×±ÈÑǹ㲥¹«Ë¾£º16 ¼Òµç̨ÁªºÏ×é³É¡£ Èý×㶦Á¢µÄ¾ÖÃæ£ºÈ«¹ú¹ã²¥¹«Ë¾¡¢¸çÂ×±ÈÑǹ㲥¹«Ë¾¡¢ÃÀ¹ú¹ã²¥¹«Ë¾ 20 ÊÀ¼Í 30-40 Äê´úÊÇÃÀ¹ú¹ã²¥ÊÂÒµ³É³¤µÄ»Æ½ðʱ´ú¡£ÄÚÈÝÇ÷ÓÚ¶ÔÏ󻯡¢×¨ÃÅ»¯£¬ µç̨¸üΪµØ·½»¯¡¢Ð¡ÐÍ»¯£¬ÊýÁ¿¼ÌÐøÔö³¤¡£ÉÌÒµµç̨һֱÊÇÃÀ¹ú¹ã²¥ÒµµÄÖ÷Ìå¡£ ÃÀ¹ú¹ã²¥µçÊÓ³¤ÆÚʵÐÐ˽ÓÐ˽ӪÌåÖÆ£¬Í¨¹ý¡¶Áª°îͨÐÅ·¨¡· ¡£ ĿǰÃÀ¹ú×î´óµÄÈ«¹úÐÔÉÌÒµ¹ã²¥µçÊÓÍø£ºÈ«¹ú¹ã²¥¹«Ë¾¡¢¸çÂ×±ÈÑǹ㲥¹«Ë¾¡¢ÃÀ ¹ú¹ã²¥¹«Ë¾¡¢¸£¿Ë˹¹ã²¥¹«Ë¾¡£ËüÃǶ¼ÓÐÖ±Êǫ̂£¨Ö±½Ó¾­Óª£© £»¸½Êǫ̂£¨Ç©¶©ºÏͬ£© ¡£ È«¹ú¹ã²¥¹«Ë¾£¨NBC£© £º1926 Ä꽨Á¢£¬Ò»Ö±Ôڹ㲥µçÊÓ·½Ãæ¾ÓÓÚÁìÏȵØÎ»¡£ÒµÎñÀ© Õ¹µ½Í¼Êé³ö°æ¡¢³ªÆ¬´Å´øµÈÁìÓò¡£»ý¼«·¢Õ¹Íâ¹úÒµÎñ¡£ ¸çÂ×±ÈÑǹ㲥¹«Ë¾£¨CBS£© £º1927 Ä꽨Á¢£¬¼æÓª¹ã²¥µçÊÓ¡¢³ªÆ¬ºÍ³ö°æÒµÎñ¡£ËØÒÔ ¸ßÊÕÊÓÂʵÄÐÂÎŽÚÄ¿ºÍ³öÉ«µÄ½ÚÄ¿Ö÷³ÖÈ˳ÆÓþÃÀ¹úµçÊӽ硣 ÃÀ¹ú¹ã²¥¹«Ë¾ £¨ABC£© ÔÚ NBC ·Ö³öÀ´µÄÀ¶É«¹ã²¥Íø»ù´¡ÉϽ¨Á¢£¬ £º 1945 ÄêÕýʽÓÃÏÖÃû¡£ ¸£¿Ë˹¹ã²¥¹«Ë¾£¨FBC£© £ººÍÃÀ¹úµçÐŹ«Ë¾È«°ìÈ«ÈÕÒ¹ÓÐÏßµçÊÓÐÂÎŽÚÄ¿¡£ ÉÌÒµ¹ã²¥µçÊÓµÄÄÚÈÝ£ºÐÂÎÅ£¨ÐËÆðÓÚ 30 Äê´ú£© £»ÓéÀÖ£»¹ã¸æ¡£ ¹«¹²¹ã²¥µçÊÓ£º×ÚÖ¼Êǹ«ÖÚÌṩ½ÌÓý»ò·þÎñ¡£ÆðÔ´ÓÚ 20 Äê´úµÄ½ÌÓý¹ã²¥¡£¹ú»áͨ ¹ýÁË¡¶¹«¹²¹ã²¥·¨¡· ¡£ ÃÀ¹úµÄÓÐÏßµçÊÓÒµ°üÀ¨£ºÓÐÏßµçÊÓ½ÚÄ¿´«Êä¡¢ÓÐÏßµçÊÓ½ÚÄ¿¹©Ó¦ ÓÐÏßµçÊÓ½ÚÄ¿´«Ê䣺Ö÷ÒªÊÇÓÉÓÐÏßµçÊÓϵͳµÄ¾­ÓªÉÌÔÚ¸÷µØ·½×ÔÖλú¹¹Åú×¼Ð˽¨ µÄÓÐÏßµçÊÓϵͳ×é³É¡£ÕâÖÖϵͳÌṩµÄ½ÚÄ¿£º¢Ù»ù±¾½ÚÄ¿¡£¢Ú¸¶·Ñ½ÚÄ¿¡£ÕâÀà×î´ó¹«Ë¾£ºÊ± ´ú/»ªÄɹ«Ë¾¡¢ÃÀ¹úµçÐŹ«Ë¾¡¢¿¼¿Ë˹ÓÐÏß´«²¥¹«Ë¾¡£ ÃÀ¹ú¿ª°ì×îÔç¶øÇÒÆÄÓÐÓ°ÏìµÄÓÐÏßµçÊÓ½ÚÄ¿¹«Ë¾£º"¼ÒÍ¥Ó°Ôº"£¬Ö÷ÒªÌṩµçÓ°ºÍÌå Óý½ÚÄ¿¡£1989 Äêʱ´ú¹«Ë¾Í¬»ªÄɹ«Ë¾ºÏ²¢ºó£¬Ëü³ÉΪʱ´ú/»ªÄɹ«Ë¾µÄ×Ó¹«Ë¾¡£ ĿǰÃÀ¹úÓ°Ïì×î´óµÄÓÐÏßµçÊÓ½ÚÄ¿¹«Ë¾ÊÇ£ºÓÐÏßµçÊÓÐÂÎŹ㲥¹«Ë¾£¨CNN£© ¡£
    µÚÈý½Ú Ó¢¹ú¹ã²¥µçÊÓÒµ 1922 Äê 12 Ô£¬ Âí¿ÉÄṫ˾ÁªºÏÆäËû 5 ¼ÒÎÞÏßµçÆóÒµ£¬ ×齨ÁËÃñÓªµÄÓ¢¹ú¹ã²¥¹«Ë¾¡£ ºó¸Ä×éΪ¹«ÓªµÄÓ¢¹ú¹ã²¥¹«Ë¾£¨BBC£© ¡£1936 Ä꣬BBC ½¨Á¢Á˵çÊǪ́¡£ BBC ¶À¼Ò¢¶Ï£¬Õ½ºóÓ¢¹úÔÊÐí¿ª°ìÉÌÒµµçÊÓ£¬½¨¶ÀÁ¢µçÊÓ¾Ö¸ºÔð¹ÜÀí¡£Ó¢¹ú¾ö¶¨ ¿ª·ÅÉÌÒµ¹ã²¥Ê±£¬½«¶ÀÁ¢µçÊÓ¾Ö¸ÄÃûΪ¶ÀÁ¢¹ã²¥¾Ö£¨IBA£© £¬Í¬Ê±¹ÜÀíÉÌÒµµçÊӺ͹㲥¡£Õâ ÖÖ¸ñ¾Ö³ÆÎª BBC ºÍ IBA µÄ"˫ͷ¢¶Ï". ¡¶1990 Äê¹ã²¥·¨¡· £º1992 ÄêÕýʽʩÐС£Ð¹㲥·¨µÄ»ù±¾ÒâͼÊÇÒª¿ª·Å¹ã²¥µçÊÓÊÐ ³¡£¬´´Éè¸üΪ×ÔÓɵľºÕù»·¾³£¬ÒÔ´Ù½ø¹ãµçÊÂÒµµÄ·±ÈÙ£¬Í¬Ê±ÒªÇóÇÐʵ±£Ö¤½ÚÄ¿ÖÊÁ¿¡£ ĿǰӢ¹úÊǹ«¹²¹ãµçºÍÉÌÒµ¹ãµç¹²´æ¡£ Ó¢¹ú¹ã²¥¹«Ë¾£¨BBC£© £ºÓ¢¹ú¹ã²¥µçÊÓÊÂÒµµÄÖмᣬÊÇÎ÷·½ÊÀ½ç×î´óµÄ¹«¹²¹ã²¥µç ÊÓ¹«Ë¾¡£ ÔÚÐÐÕþºÍ²ÆÕþ·½ÃæÊÜÕþ¸®ºÍÒé»áµÄÖÆÔ¼¡£µ«ÊÇËüÔÚÎļþ¹æ¶¨µÄ·¶Î§ÄÚÓÖÓÐ×ÔÖ÷¾­ ÓªµÄȨÀûºÍÒµÎñÉϵĶÀÁ¢ÐÔ¡£ BBC µÄÒµÎñ¿É·ÖΪ¹úÄں͹úÍâÁ½²¿·Ö¡£ BBC µÄ×ÚÖ¼ÊÇÌṩÐÅÏ¢¡¢½ÌÓýºÍÓéÀÖ£¬½ÚĿӦ¼æ¹Ë¸÷·½ÃæµÄÐèÒªºÍÐËȤ£¬¶øÇÒ±Ø ÐëÊÇ"½¡¿µµÄ¡¢Á¼ºÃµÄ".ÌØµã£ºÐÂÎŽÚÄ¿ÖУ¬¹ßÓÿ͹۱¨µÀÊÖ·¨£»ÓéÀÖ½ÚÄ¿±È½ÏÕýͳ¡£ BBC Ò»¹áÖØÊÓÊÜÖÚ·´À¡Ñо¿¡£ µÚËÄ½Ú ·¨¹ú¹ã²¥µçÊÓÒµ Ò»¡¢ÀúÊ·¹£¸Å ·¨¹ú¹ã²¥ÊÂÒµÀúÊ·µÄ¿ªÊ¼£º1922 Äê·¨¹úÓʵ粿ÕýʽÔÚ°¬·Æ¶ûÌúËþÉèÁ¢µç̨¡£ ·¨¹ú¹ã²¥µçÊÓÒµ·¢Õ¹µÄÈý¸öʱÆÚ£º¢Ù¹úӪΪÖ÷¡¢ÔÊÐí˽ӪµÄʱÆÚ¡£¢Ú¹ú¼Ò¢¶ÏʱÆÚ¡£ µÚ¶þ´ÎÊÀ½ç´óÕ½½áÊøºó£¬ ʵÐÐÁ˳¤´ïÈýÊ®ÄêµÄ¹ú¼Ò¢¶ÏÌåÖÆ¡£ ¢Û¹úӪҵԱ˽Ӫ²¢´æ·¢Õ¹Ê±ÆÚ¡£ ¶þ¡¢¹«¹²¹ã²¥µçÊÓ£º¹úÓй«ÓªµÄÌåÖÆ Èý¡¢ÉÌÒµ¹ã²¥µçÊÓ£ºÉÌÒµ¹ã²¥ÊÇ 1982 Ä꿪·ÅµÄ¡£ÉÌÒµµçÊÓ¿ª°ìÓÚ 1984 Äê¡£ ËÄ¡¢ÓÐÏßµçÊÓºÍÎÀÐÇÖ±²¥µçÊÓ£º´óÐ͵çÀÂϵͳÓɹú¼Ò½¨ÉèºÍ¾­Óª£¬µØ·½Ð¡Ð͵çÀ ϵͳÓÉ˽Ӫ¹«Ë¾¿ª°ì¾­Óª¡£ µÚÎå½Ú µÂ¹ú¹ã²¥µçÊÓÒµ Ò»¡¢ÀúÊ·¹£¸Å Ï£ÌØÀÕµÇ̨ʱ£¬µÂ¹ú¹ã²¥ÒµÍêȫΪ·¨Î÷˹Õþ¸®¿ØÖÆ¡£ 1949 ÄêÁª°îµÂ¹úºÍÃñÖ÷µÂ¹úÏȺó³ÉÁ¢£¬ Ëæºó³öÏÖÁ˳¤´ï 40 ÄêµÄ¶«Î÷µÂ¹úÁ½ÖÖÌåÖÆ ²¢Ðз¢Õ¹µÄʱÆÚ¡£ Î÷µÂ£¬Ô­Áª°îµÂ¹ú ÏÜ·¨¹æ¶¨¹ã²¥µçÊÓÊǸ÷ÖݵÄÊÂÒµ£¬¸÷ÖÝÂ½Ðø½¨Á¢ÁË×Ô¼ºµÄ¹«¹² ¹ã²¥»ú¹¹¡£µÂ¹úÖ®Éùµç̨¡£80 Äê´úÆð£¬Áª°îµÂ¹úÖð²½³öÏÖ˽Ӫ¹ã²¥µç̨£¬×ßÉÏÁ˹«Ë½²¢´æ µÄ¹ã²¥µçÊÓË«¹ìÖÆµÄµÀ·¡£ ¶«µÂ£¬Ô­ÃñÖ÷µÂ¹ú ¹úÓªÌåÖÆ¡£¹ã²¥µçÊÓÊǵ³ºÍÕþ¸®µÄÐû´«¹¤¾ß¡£ 1990 Äê 10 ÔÂÁ½µÂʵÏÖͳһ£¬ÑØÏ®Ô­Áª°îµÂ¹úµÄÌåÖÆÄ£Ê½¡£ÏÖÔڵ¹úʵÐй«¹²¹ã²¥µçÊÓ ºÍÉÌÒµ¹ã²¥µçÊÓ²¢´æµÄÌåÖÆ¡£ ¶þ¡¢¹«¹²¹ã²¥µçÊÓ Èý¡¢ÉÌÒµ¹ã²¥µçÊÓ ¹«¹²Ì¨µÄÓÅÊÆ£º³¤ÆÚ¸²¸ÇÈ«¹úÊÜÖÚ£¬ÓµÓÐÊÕ¿´·ÑºÍ¹ã¸æÁ½¸ö·½ÃæµÄÊÕ£¬ÒµÎñºÍ¼¼Êõ¶ÓÎéÆë È«£¬Óֵõ½Õþ¸®µÄʵ¼ÊÖ§³Ö¡£ ˽Ӫ̨µÄÓÅÊÆ£ºÉÆÓÚ¾­Óª£¬ÔÚÓéÀÖ½ÚÄ¿¡¢ÌåÓý½ÚÄ¿·½Ãæ¸ñÍâ¼û³¤£¬¹ã¸æ½ÏÉÙÊÜÏÞÖÆ¡£
    ËÄ¡¢ÓÐÏßµçÊÓ¡¢ÎÀÐǵçÊÓ¡¢Êý×ÖµçÊÓ µÚÁù½Ú ÈÕ±¾¹ã²¥µçÊÓÒµ Ò»¡¢ÀúÊ·¹£¸Å "µç²¨Èý·¨"£º1950 ÄêÈÕ±¾¹ú»á¸ù¾ÝÃ˾ü×ܲ¿µÄÒâ¼ûͨ¹ýÁËÓйØÎÞÏßµç¹ÜÀíµÄÈýÏî ·¨°¸¡£"µç²¨¹ÜÀíίԱ»áÉèÖ÷¨"¡¢"¹ã²¥·¨"¡¢"µç²¨·¨"Èý·¨¡£¹²Í¬È·Á¢ÁËÕ½ºóÈÕ±¾¹ã²¥ÊÂÒµ ×ÔÖ÷¾­ÓªºÍ¹ã²¥×ÔÓɵÄÔ­Ôò£¬È·Á¢Á˹«ÓªºÍ˽Ӫ²¢´æµÄË«¹ìÌåÖÆ¡£ ¶þ¡¢ÈÕ±¾¹ã²¥Ð­»á NKH£ºÈÕ±¾×î´óµÄ¹ã²¥µçÊÓ»ú¹¹¡£1926 Äê´´½¨¡£1953 Ä꿪²¥µç ÊÓÒÔǰһֱ¾­Óª¹ã²¥£¬ÏÖÔÚÖ÷ÒªÁ¦Á¿ÒÑתµçÊÓ¡£Êǹ«Óª»ú¹¹£¬ÓÖÒÀ·¨×ÔÖ÷¾­Óª£¬ÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄ¶À Á¢ÐÔ¡£Ê±Ð§ÐÔ¼«Ç¿¡£×ܲ¿ÉèÔÚ¶«¾©¡£¹ã²¥µçÊÓÖÐÐÂÎŽÚÄ¿µÄµØÎ»Ïàµ±ÖØÒª¡£ Èý¡¢ÉÌÒµ¹ã²¥µçÊÓ ËÄ¡¢ÓÐÏßµçÊÓ¡¢ÎÀÐÇÖ±²¥ºÍÊý×ÖµçÊÓ µÚÆß½Ú ¶íÂÞ˹µØÇø¹ã²¥µçÊÓÒµ ¶íÂÞ˹µØÇø¹ã²¥µçÊÓÒµ¾­ÀúÁËÁ½¸ö½ØÈ»²»Í¬µÄʱÆÚ¡£1991 ÄêËÕÁª½âÌåºó£¬Éç»áÖ÷ ÒåµÄ¹ã²¥µçÊÓÌåÖÆÏàÓ¦Í߽⡣ÔÚ¶íÂÞ˹ºÍ¶ÀÁªÌå¹ú¼Ò£¬Ë½Óª¹ã²¥µçÊÓÐ˰죬¹ã²¥µçÊÓÒµÒѾ­ À뿪Éç»áÖ÷Òå¹ìµÀ£¬ÄÚÈݺÍÍøÂçÇ÷ÓÚ¶àÔª»¯¡£ Ò»¡¢ËÕÁªÊ±ÆÚµÄ¹ã²¥ ÁÐÄþ³ÆÎÞÏßµçΪ"²»ÒªÖ½ÕÅ¡¢Ã»ÓоàÀëµÄ±¨Ö½". ¹ã²¥Õýʽ²¥Òô£º1922 Äê 5 Ô 27 ÈÕ£¬ÄªË¹¿ÆÖÐÑë¹ã²¥µç̨ÊÔ²¥£¬8 Ô 21 ÈÕÕýʽ²¥ Òô¡£ ËÕÁª¹ã²¥ÊÂÒµµÄÖÐÊàÊÇÈ«Ëչ㲥µç̨¡£µÚ¶þÌ×ÓÖ³Æ"µÆËþ¹ã²¥µç̨"£¬È«ÈÕÒ¹²¥ËÍÐ ÎźÍÒôÀÖ¡£ ¶þ¡¢ËÕÁªÊ±ÆÚµÄµçÊÓ ×Ü£ºËÕÁªµÄ¹ã²¥ºÍµçÊÓÒ»Ö±ÊÇÔÚËÕÁª¹²²úµ³µÄÁ쵼ϣ¬Óɹú¼Òͳһ¹ÜÀíµÄ¾­ÓªµÄ£¬ ʵÐйúÓйúÓªµÄÌåÖÆ£¬ÒµÎñÉÏÖÒʵ¹á³¹ËÕ¹²µÄÐû´«·½Õ룬³äµ±µ³ºÍÕþ¸®µÄºíÉà¡£ Èý¡¢Õþ¾Ö±ä»¯Ê±ÆÚµÄ¹ã²¥µçÊÓ ËÕÁª¹ã²¥µçÊÓÒµµÄ±ä»¯±íÏÖ£ºÀ©´óÐÂÎű¨µÀÃæ£¬Ôö¼ÓÐÅÏ¢Á¿£»Ôö¼Ó¹µÍ¨¸÷·½Ãæ¹Û µãµÄ¶Ô»°½ÚÄ¿£»Ôö¼ÓÅúÆÀÐÔ±¨µÀ£¬´óµ¨½Ò¶Éç»á±×¶Ë£»¸üÐÂÑݲ¥·½Ê½£¬¸ü¶àµØ²ÉÓÃÖ÷³ÖÈËÖ÷ ²¥¡¢ÏÖ³¡Ö±²¥µÄ×ö·¨¡£ÕâЩ¸ïÐÂÔø¾­¸ø¹ã²¥µçÊÓ´øÀ´Ò»·¬»îÔ¾¾°Ïó£¬Êܵ½¹«Öڵ϶ӭ¡£ ³öÏֵı׶Ë£º¸÷ÖÖÉç»á˼³±³öÁý£¬ÐÂÎŽç¡¢ÓßÂÛ½ç˼ÏëÈÕÒæ»ìÂÒ¡£ ËÄ¡¢¶íÂÞ˹Áª°î¹ã²¥µçÊÓ ½âÌåºó£¬¶íÂÞ˹¾³ÄÚÁôÏÂÁ½¸öÈ«¹úÐԵĹ㲥µçÊÓ»ú¹¹£º¢ÙÈ«ËÕ¹ú¼ÒµçÊӺ͹㲥¹« ˾¡£¢ÚÈ«¶í¹ú¼ÒµçÊӺ͹㲥¹«Ë¾¡£ Îå¡¢ÆäËû¶ÀÁªÌå¹ú¼Ò¹ã²¥µçÊÓ£ºÉ豸³Â¾É£¬¾­¼ÃÀ§ÄÑ£¬×ÔÖÆ½ÚÄ¿²»¶à¡£
    µÚ°Ë½Ú ·¢Õ¹Öйú¼Ò¹ã²¥µçÊÓÒµ À­¶¡ÃÀÖ޽Ϸ¢´ï£¬ÑÇÖÞÏÖÔڹ㲥µçÊÓ·¢Õ¹µÄ³Ì¶È²»Ò»£¬·ÇÖÞ×î²î¡£ ÑÇÖ޺ͷÇÖÞ¶àÊý²ÉÈ¡¹úÓйúӪΪÖ÷µÄÌåÖÆ£¬À­¶¡ÃÀÖÞ¸÷¹ú´ó¶à²ÉÓÃÃÀ¹úģʽ£¬ÒÔ Ë½ÓÐ˽ӪΪÖ÷¡£
    Ò»¡¢ÑÇÖÞ·¢Õ¹Öйú¼Ò¹ã²¥µçÊÓÒµ £¨Ò»£©Ó¡¶È£º¹ú¼Ò¡¢µØÇø¡¢µØ·½Èý¼¶°ì¹ã²¥ £¨¶þ£©ÐÂ¼ÓÆÂ¡¢ÂíÀ´Î÷ÑÇ£º¹ú¼Ò¾­Óª¡£ £¨Èý£©Ó¡¶ÈÄáÎ÷ÑÇ £¨ËÄ£©ÍÁ¶úÆä ¶þ¡¢·ÇÖ޹㲥µçÊÓ ¸÷¸ö¶ÀÁ¢¹ú¼Ò¶¼Óй㲥£¬¾ø´ó²¿·Ö»¹°ìÁ˵çÊÓ¡£Ò»°ã¶¼ÊǹúÓйúÓªÌåÖÆ£¬¾­·Ñ¿¿ ¹ú¼Ò²¦¿î¡¢ÊÕÌýÊÕÊÓ·ÑºÍ¹ã¸æ¡£ £¨Ò»£©°£¼° °£¼°Êǰ¢À­²®ÊÀ½ç¾Ù×ãÇáÖØµÄ¹ú¼Ò¡£¹ã²¥µçÊÓĿǰ±È½Ï·¢´ï¡£ ÏÖÔڹ㲥µçÊÓ¶¼Óɰ£¼°¹ã²¥µçÊÓЭ»á¾­Óª¡£¸ÃЭ»áÊǸö¹úÓª»ú¹¹£¬Á¥ÊôÓÚÕþ¸®¡£ Èý¡¢À­¶¡ÃÀÖ޹㲥µçÊÓÒµ ¾­ÓªÌåÖÆ¶àΪ¹«Ë½²¢´æ£¬Ë½ÓªÎªÖ÷ £¨Ò»£©Ä«Î÷¸ç£º×îÓÐÓ°ÏìµÄ¹ã²¥µç̨ÊÇÀ­¶¡ÃÀÖÞÖ®Éù¡£ £¨¶þ£©°ÍÎ÷£º×î´óµÄÈ«¹úÐÔµçÊÓÍø£º»·ÇòµçÊÓÍø¡£ÀúÀ´ÖØÊӹ㲥µçÊÓ½ÌÓý£¬ÐÎ³É ¼«¹ãµÄ½ÌÓýµçÊÓÍø¡£ µÚ°ËÕ ¹ú¼ÊÐÂÎÅ´«²¥µÄ·¢Õ¹ºÍ¶·Õù µÚÒ»½Ú ¸Å˵ ¹ú¼ÊÐÂÎÅ´«²¥µÄ·¢Õ¹Àú³ÌµÄ¹æÂÉÐÔ£º ¢Ù¹ú¼ÊÐÂÎÅ´«²¥Í¬¹ú¼ÊÕþÖξ­¼Ã¹ØÏµÃÜÇС£ ¢Ú¹ú¼ÊÐÂÎÅ´«²¥Í¬´«²¥¼¼ÊõµÄ·¢Õ¹½ôÃÜÏà¹Ø¡£ ¢Û¹ú¼ÊÐÂÎÅ´«²¥µÄ×ÜÌå×ßÏòÊÇ£º´«²¥Ê±Ð§Ô½À´Ô½Ç¿£¬´«²¥ÄÚÈÝÔ½À´Ô½¶àÑù»¯£¬Éø ͸Á¦Ô½Ô½À´´ó£¬À©É¢ÃæÔ½À´Ô½¹ã¡£ ¢Ü¹ú¼ÊÐÂÎÅ´«²¥µÄ·¢Õ¹Ê¼Öչᴩ×Åì¶ÜºÍ¶·Õù¡£½¨Á¢ÊÀ½çÐÂÎÅ´«²¥ÐÂÖÈÐò³ÉΪ³¤ ÆÚÖØÒª¿ÎÌâ¡£ µÚ¶þ½Ú ±¨¿¯¡¢Í¨Ñ¶ÉçµÄ¹ú¼Ê´«²¥ ͨѶÉçµ®ÉúÓÚ 19 ÊÀ¼ÍÖÐÆÚ¡£Ô­Òò£ºÒ»·½Ã棬µ±Ê±Õý´¦ÔÚ 1848 ÄêÅ·ÖÞÃñÖ÷¸ïÃüÀË ³±µÄ·¢¶¯ºÍ¸ß³±Ê±ÆÚ£¬ ÕâÉùÔ˶¯Îª³õÉúµÄͨѶÉçÌṩÁ˷ḻµÄÐÅÏ¢Ô´ºÍ´óÏÔÉíÊÖµÄÎę̀¡£ Áí Ò»·½Ã棬¹¤Òµ¸ïÃüºóÅ·ÖÞ¸÷¹úµÄÉÌó½»Òס¢½ðÈÚ֤ȯҵµÄ½»ÍùÊ®·ÖƵ·±£¬ÔçÆÚͨѶÉçÕýºÃΪ ´ËÌṩ·þÎñ´Ó¶ø·¢Õ¹ÁË×Ô¼º¡£Í¨Ñ¶ÉçµÄ³õ´´ºÍµç±¨µÄÎÊÊÀ¼¸ºõÔÚͬһÄê´ú¡£½èÖúµç±¨£¬ÕâЩ ͨѶÉçÑÓÉì×Ô¼ºµÄÍøÂç¡£ 20 ÊÀ¼ÍÖкóÆÚ£¬±¨¿¯µÄ¹ú¼Ê´«²¥µÄÐÂÌ¬ÊÆ£º¢Ù¾ºÏàÃæÏòÊÀ½ç²É¼¯ÐÂÎÅ¡£¢Ú¾ºÏàÃæ ÏòÊÀ½çÓ¡Ë¢·¢ÐС£¢Û·×·×ͨ¹ý¹ú¼Ê»¥ÁªÍø²É¼¯ºÍ´«²¥ÐÂÎÅ¡£ 20 ÊÀ¼ÍÖкóÆÚ£¬Í¨Ñ¶ÉçÒµÎñ»î¶¯µÄÁ½¸öÖØÒªÏîÄ¿£º¢ÙͨѶÉçÕýÔÚ³ÉΪ¹ú¼Ê¾­¼Ã¡¢ ½ðÈÚ¡¢ÉÌÁôÐÅÏ¢µÄÖØÒª´«²¥Õß¡£¢ÚͨѶÉçÕýºÍ¹ú¼Ê¹ã²¥µçÊÓÖð²½½áºÏÆðÀ´£¬´«ËÍÉùÏñÐÂÎÅ¡£ ¹ú¼ÊÉùÏñÐÂÎÅ´«²¥µÄͨѶ»ú¹¹£º ·͸ÉçµçÊÓ²¿£» ÊÀ½çµçÊÓÐÂÎÅÉ磻 ÃÀÁªµçÊÓ²¿¡£ £¨ºó ¶þ²¢ºÏ³ÉÃÀÁªÉçµçÊÓÐÂÎÅÉ磩 ¡¢
    µÚÈý½Ú ¹ã²¥µÄ¹ú¼Ê´«²¥ Ò»¡¢·¢Õ¹Àú³ÌºÍ¶·Õù £¨Ò»£©20 ÊÀ¼Í 20 Äê´úµ®Éú ¹ú¼Ê¹ã²¥µ®ÉúÓÚ 20 ÊÀ¼Í 20 Äê´ú¡£ËüÊǹú¼ÊÕþÖζ·ÕùµÄ²úÎͨ³£Óɸ÷¹úÕþ¸®¾Ù °ì£¬Îª¸÷×Ô¹ú¼ÒµÄÄÚÍâÕþ²ß·þÎñ£¬×÷ΪÕùÈ¡¹ú¼ÊÓßÂÛ¡¢¿ªÕ¹¶ÔÍâ¶·ÕùµÄÖØÒªÊֶΡ£ £¨¶þ£©µÚ¶þ´ÎÊÀ½ç´óÕ½ÆÚ¼äµÄ·¢Õ¹ºÍ¶ÔÖÅ £¨Èý£©µÚ¶þ´ÎÊÀ½ç´óÕ½ºóµÄ"µç²¨Õ½"¼°ÆäÓ°Ï죺60 Äê´úǰºó£¬¹ú¼ÊÐÎÊÆ·¢ÉúÁËÃ÷Ï﵀ ±ä»¯¡£ ÃÀ¹úºÍÎ÷·½¹ú¼Ò¶ÔÍâ¹ã²¥¸Ä±ä¹ýÈ¥³àÂãÂãµÄ·´¹²Ðû´«·½Ê½£¬ ²ÉÈ¡±È½ÏÒþ»ÞµÄÐû´«ÊÖ·¨¡£ ¶þ¡¢½üÆÚ×´¿öºÍÖ÷ÒªµÄ¹ú¼Êµç̨ "ÀäÕ½"½áÊøÒԺ󣬹ú¼Ê¹ã²¥ÁìÓò×´¿öÓÐËù»ººÍ¡£ÐÅÏ¢¹¦ÄÜÃ÷ÏÔÔöÇ¿¡£ ΪÁËÀ©´ó¹ú¼Ê¹ã²¥µÄÓ°Ï죬ÊÀ½ç¸÷¹ú²ÉÈ¡µÄ´ëÊ©Ö÷ÒªÓУº ¢ÙÔö¼Ó·¢ÉäÉ豸£¬ÔöÇ¿·¢Éí¹¦ÂÊ£¬Ç¿»¯¶Ì²¨ÐźŵĴ«ËÍ¡£ ¢Úͨ¹ý¾³Í⽨̨µÈ·½Ê½£¬À©´óÖв¨ºÍµ÷ƵµÄ¸²¸ÇÃæ¡£ ¢ÛÔö¼ÓÓïÖÖ¡£ ¢ÜÔö¼Ó²¥Òôʱ¼ä¡£ ¢Ý²ÉÓÃ×îеÄÐÅÏ¢´«Êä¼¼Êõ¡£»¥ÁªÍø¡£ ¹ú¼Ê¹ã²¥µç̨һ°ãΪÕþ¸®Ëù°ì¡£Ò²ÓÐһЩÊÇ×Ú½ÌÍÅÌåºÍÉÌÒµ»ú¹¹°ìµÄ¡£ ºâÁ¿¹ú¼Êµç̨ʵÁ¦µÄ±ê×¼£ºÊ¹ÓÃÓïÖÖ¡¢²¥³öʱÊý¡¢·¢É书ÂÊ ÊµÁ¦×îÇ¿µÄ¹ú¼Ê¹ã²¥µç̨£ºÃÀ¹úÖ®Òôµç̨¡¢¶íÂÞ˹֮Éùµç̨¡¢Öйú¹ú¼Ê¹ã²¥µç̨¡¢ Ó¢¹ú¹ã²¥¹«Ë¾¡¢µÂ¹úÖ®Éùµç̨¡£ ÃÀ¹úÖ®Òôµç̨£º1942 Äê´´½¨£¬×ܲ¿ÔÚ»ªÊ¢¶Ù¡£Êǵ±Ç°ÊÀ½çÉϹæÄ£×î´ó¡¢ÊµÁ¦×îÐÛ ºñµÄ¹ú¼Ê¹ã²¥µç̨¡£Ò»Ö±ÊÇÃÀ¹úÕþ¸®Ö÷ÒªµÄ¶ÔÍâÐû´«¹¤¾ßºÍºíÉࡣ̨ÄÚ·Ö½ÚÄ¿¡¢¹¤³Ì¼¼Êõ¡¢ ÐÐÕþ¹ÜÀíÈý´óϵͳ¡£¶þÕ½ºóËüÒ»Ö±·æÃ¢±Ï¶µØ½øÐз´¹²Ðû´«¡£70 Äê´úÃÀ¹úÕþ¸®Ö𽥸ıäÁË ¶ÔÍâÐû´«µÄ²ßÂÔ£¬ÃÀ¹úÖ®ÒôÒ²¸ÄÓýÏΪÒþ»ÞµÄ·½Ê½¡£ ¶íÂÞ˹֮Éùµç̨£ºÇ°ÉíÊÇËÕÁªÊ±ÆÚµÄĪ˹¿Æ¹ã²¥µç̨¡£´´°ìÓÚ 1929 Äê¡£Ðû´«ËÕά °£¹ú¼ÒµÄ½¨Éè³É¾ÍºÍ¶ÔÍâÕþ²ß¡£ËÕÁª½âÌåºó£¬¸Ą̃¹é¶íÂÞ˹Áª°îÕþ¸®Áìµ¼£¬ÊµÁ¦´ó¼õ£¬¸ÄÓà ÏÖÃû¡£ËüºÍǰÉíÓкܴó²»Í¬£¬Ðû´«É«²Ê´óΪµ­»¯£¬×ÅÖØ±¨µÀ¾­¼Ã¡¢ÎÄ»¯¡¢¿Æ¼¼ÐÅÏ¢¡£Êµ¼ÊÉÏ ¾ÍÊÇÒª·´Ó³Õþ¸®µÄÁ¢³¡¡¢¹ÛµãºÍ̬¶È¡£ Ó¢¹ú¹ã²¥¹«Ë¾£¨BBC£© £º¶ÔÍâ¹ã²¥¿ª°ìÓÚ 1932 Äֱ꣬½ÓΪÕþ¸®¶ÔÍâÕþ²ß·þÎñ¡£Ä¿ ǰ´ÓʶÔÍâ¹ã²¥µÄ»ú¹¹ÎªÊÀ½ç¹ã²¥µç̨¡£¹ã²¥°üÀ¨Èý¸ö·½Ã棺¶ÔÅ·¹ã²¥¡¢¶Ôº£Íâ¹ã²¥¡¢»·Çò Ó¢Óï¹ã²¥¡£ ÄÚÈÝÉÏÓÐÊÀ½çÉÏÏíÓÐÊ¢ÓþµÄÓ¢Óï½Ìѧ½ÚÄ¿¡£ ÐÂÎŽ²¾¿Ê±Ð§ºÍ׼ȷ£¬ ±ê°ñ¿Í¹Û¹«Õý£¬ ÕþÖÎÇãÏòÐÔ½ÏΪ´¢Ðî¡£ µÂ¹úÖ®Éùµç̨£º1953 Äê´´Á¢£¬Î»ÓÚ¿ÆÂ¡ÊУ¬ÊÇÒÀ·¨ÏíÓÐ×ÔÖ÷¹ÜÀíȨµÄ¹«¹²»ú¹¹£¬ Õþ¸®²¦¿îÖ§³Ö¡£ µÚËÄ½Ú µçÊӵĹú¼Ê´«²¥ Ò»¡¢·¢Õ¹Çé¿öºÍÌØµã ¹ú¼ÊµçÊÓÒµµÄµ®Éú£º20 ÊÀ¼Í 80 Äê´ú¡£1980 Ä꣬ÃÀ¹úÑÇÌØÀ¼´óÊÐÌØÄɹ㲥¹«Ë¾´´ Á¢µÄÓÐÏßµçÊÓÐÂÎÅÍø¿ªÊ¼Í¨¹ýÎÀÐÇÏòÁÚ½ü¹ú¼ÒµÄµçÀµçÊÓϵͳ²¥ËÍÐÂÎÅ¡£ ¹ú¼ÊµçÊÓ·¢Õ¹½ø³ÌµÄÌØµã£º¢ÙÃñ°ìÐÐÐС£¢ÚÐÂÎŽÚÄ¿ºÍÓéÀÖ½ÚÄ¿²¢¾Ù¡£ÓéÀÖ½ÚÄ¿ ¸üÊǷḻ¶àÑù¡£ ¹ú¼ÊµçÊÓ´«ËÍ·½Ê½£º ³ýÉÙÁ¿Ö±½ÓÓɵØÃæÎ¢²¨´«ËÍÍ⣬ ´ó²¿·ÖÒª¿¿Í¨ÐÅÎÀÐÇ»ò¹ã²¥ÎÀÐÇ×÷Ϊ Öнé¡£
    ¶þ¡¢¸÷ÖÞÖØÒªµÄ¹ú¼ÊµçÊǪ́ ±±ÃÀÊǹú¼ÊµçÊӵķ¢Ô´µØ ¢ÙÓÐÏßµçÊÓÐÂÎÅÍø£¨CNN£© £º1980 ÄêÂÊÏȲ¥·Å¹ú¼ÊµçÊÓ¡£1986 ÄêËüÏÖ³¡Ö±²¥ÁËÃÀ ¹úÌôÕ½ºÅº½Ìì·É»úÉý¿Õºó²»¾Ã¼´±¬Õ¨µÄ³¡Ãæ¡£1991 Ä꺣ÍåÕ½Õù±¬·¢£¬ËüÁôÊØµÄ¼ÇÕß·¢³öÕ½ ¿öÖ±²¥¡£CNN ÓÐ 8 ¸öƵµÀ£¬Ò»Ç§¶àÃû´ÓÒµÈËÔ±£¬Ã¿ÌìÏòÒ»°Ù¶à¸ö¹ú¼Ò¼¸°Ù¼ÒµçÊÓÌ¨ÍøÌṩ ÐÂÎÅ¡£ ¢ÚÊÀ½çµçÊÓÍø£ºÃÀ¹úÐÂÎÅÊð 1984 Äê 11 Ô´´°ìµÄÊÀ½çÉϵÚÒ»¼Ò¹Ù·½µÄ¹ú¼ÊµçÊǪ́¡£ Å·ÖÞ¹ú¼ÊµçÊÓµÄÐ˰ìÉÔÍíÓÚ±±ÃÀ£¬µ«·¢Õ¹ÊÆÍ·ÆÄΪѸÃÍ¡£ÒòΪ£º¢Ù80 Äê´úʵÏÖÁË ¹ãµçÌåÖÆµÄת¹ì£¬ ¿ª·ÅÁËÃñÓªµÄÉÌÒµµçÊÓ¡£ ¢ÚÎ÷Å·ÓÐÏßµçÊÓ¾­ÆäËû¸÷ÖÞ´´°ìÐÐÔç¡¢ ·¢Õ¹µÃ¿ì£¬ ÊÇת²¥¹ú¼ÊµçÊÓµÄÁ¼ºÃÌõ¼þ¡£¢Û80 Äê´úÄ©£¬Î÷Å·¼Ó¿ìÁËÒ»Ì廯½ø³Ì£¬¸÷¹ú¼äʵÏÖÁ˵çÊÓ×Ô ÓÉ´«²¥¡£ Î÷Å·Ó°Ïì´óµÄ¹ú¼ÊµçÊǪ́£ºÓ¢¹ú¿ÕÖеçÊǪ́¡£ ½øÈë 90 Äê´úÒÔºó£¬ÑÇÌ«µØÇøµÄ¹ú¼ÊµçÊÓ²ªÈ»áÈÆð¡£ ÎÒ¹úÖÐÑëµçÊǪ́ҲÔÚ 1992 Ä꿪°ì¹ú¼ÊƵµÀ¡£ µÚÎå½Ú µçÄÔÍøÂçµÄ¹ú¼Ê´«²¥ µçÄÔÍøÂç´«²¥£ºÍ¨¹ýµç×Ó¼ÆËã»úÍøÂçËù½øÐеÄÐÅÏ¢´«ÊäºÍ½»Á÷¡£ÕâÊÇÒ»ÖÖÒÔµØ¿Õ ºÏÒ»µÄÐÅÏ¢¸ßËÙͨµÀ×÷Ϊ´«²¥ÇþµÀ£¬ ÒÔ¹¦ÄÜÆëÈ«µÄ¶àýÌåµçÄÔ×÷ΪÊÕ·¢Ã½ÌåµÄ¼«¾ß¿ª·ÅÐ﵀ ´«²¥»î¶¯¡£ µçÄÔÍøÂçµÄʵÏÖ£¬ÓÐÀµÓÚÈý¸ö·½ÃæµÄ¼¼Êõ·¢Õ¹£º¢Ù¼ÆËã»ú¼¼Êõ¡£¢ÚͨÐż¼Êõ¡£¢Û ÍøÂç¼¼Êõ¡£ µçÄÔÍøÂç´«²¥ÐÅÏ¢µÄ·½Ê½£º¢ÙÍøÂçä¯ÀÀ¡£¢Úµç×ÓÓʼþ¡£¢Ûµç×ÓÂÛ̳¡£ µçÄÔÍøÂçµÄÌØµã£º¢Ù¸ß¶ÈµÄ×ÛºÏÐÔ¡£a.´«²¥·ûºÅ£ºÎÄ×Ö¡¢¿ÚÓï¡¢ÒôÏ졢ͼ±íµÈ»ãÓÚ Ò»Ìå¡£b.´«²¥·½Ê½£ºÈ˼ʴ«²¥¡¢ÈºÌå´«²¥¡¢×éÖ¯´«²¥¡¢´óÖÚ´«²¥µÈ´«²¥ÐÎ̬¼¯ÓÚÒ»Éí¡£¢Ú¸ß ¶ÈµÄ½»»¥ÐÔ¡£¼´ÊÇ´«²¥ÕßÓÖÊÇÊÜ´«Õß¡£¢Û¸ß¶ÈµÄÁé»îÐÔ¡£ËæÊ±ËæµØ½ÓÊÕ´«ËÍÐÅÏ¢¡£¢Ü¸ß¶ÈµÄ ÉøÍ¸ÐÔ¡£ÐÅÏ¢¼«¶à£¬·À²»Ê¤·À¡£ ÍøÉÏרÃÅ´«²¥ÐÂÎŵÄÐÂÎÅ´«²¥ÕßÓÐÁ½Àࣺ¢ÙרÃÅÌá¹©ÍøÂçÐÂÎŵÄÍøÕ¾»òÍøÉÏ¿¯Îï¡£ ¢ÚÔÚÍøÉÏÉèÕ¾µÄ´«Í³´óÖÚý½é¡£ µçÄÔÍøÂçµÄ¹ú¼Ê´«²¥´æÔÚµÄì¶ÜºÍÎÊÌ⣺¢ÙÊÀ½çÉϵçÄÔÍøÂ罨ÉèµÄ·¢Õ¹¼«²»Æ½ºâ¡£ ¢ÚÔÚ´Ù½ø¹úÓë¹úÖ®¼äÐÅÏ¢ºÍÎÄ»¯½»Á÷µÄͬʱ£¬ ÉõÖÁ¼Ó¾çÁËÕþÖÎ˼ÏëÁìÓòµÄÄ¥²ÁºÍ³åÍ»¡£ ¢ÛÍø Âç´«²¥¼«¾ß¿ª·ÅÐÔ£¬¸øÖÖÖÖÓк¦ÐÅÏ¢´«²¥´øÀ´¼«´ó·½±ã¡£ µÚÁù½Ú Î§ÈÆ¹ú¼ÊÐÂÎÅ´«²¥µÄ¶·Õù ¹ú¼ÊÐÂÎÅ´«²¥´æÔÚµÄÎÊÌâºÍì¶Ü£º²»Æ½ºâ¡¢²»ºÏÀí¡¢²»¹«ÕýµÄÏÖÏó£º ¢ÙÊ×ÏÈ£¬·¢´ï¹ú¼ÒºÍ·¢Õ¹Öйú¼ÒµÄÐÂÎÅ´«²¥Á¦Á¿ÐüÊ⣬·¢Õ¹¼«²»Æ½ºâ¡£ ¢Ú·¢´ï¹ú¼ÒºÍ·¢Õ¹Öйú¼Ò¼äÐÂÎÅÐÅÏ¢µÄÁ÷Ïò²»ºÏÀí£¬»ù±¾É϶¼ÊÇǰÕßÁ÷ÏòºóÕß¡£ ¢Û¹ú¼ÊÐÂÎÅ´«²¥µÄÄÚÈÝ´æÔÚÖÖÖÖ²»¿Í¹Û¡¢²»¹«Õý¡¢²»½¡¿µµÄÏÖÏó¡£Î÷·½ÐÂÎÅ»ú¹¹ ×ÜÊǰ´ÕÕÎ÷·½µÄ¹Ûµã²ÉÖÆÐÂÎÅ¡£ ·¢Õ¹Öйú¼ÒºÍ½ø²½ÐÂÎŽçÕùÈ¡µÄÄ¿±ê£º ¢Ù°´ÕÕ¹úÓë¹úÖ®¼äºÍƽ¹²´¦¡¢»¥²»¸ÉÉæÄÚÕþµÄÔ­Ôò£¬´Óʹú¼ÊÐÂÎÅ´«²¥»î¶¯£¬·´ ¶Ô¹ú¼ÊÐÂÎÅ¢¶Ï¡£ ¢Ú´Ù½øÈ«ÊÀ½çÐÂÎÅ´«²¥Ã½½éµÄ¾ùºâ·Ö²¼£¬·¢´ï¹ú¼ÒÔÚÕâ·½ÃæÓ¦¸ÃÓèÒÔ°ïÖú¡£ ¢ÛÐÂÎŽ»»»Ó¦¸Ã×ñÑ­×ðÖØÖ÷Ȩ¡¢Æ½µÈ»¥ÀûµÄÔ­Ôò¡£ÐÅÏ¢Á÷¶¯Ó¦¸ÃË«Ïò»¯¡¢ºÏÀí»¯¡£
    ¢ÜÌᳫÐÂÎÅ´«²¥µÄ»ý¼«×÷Óᣠ¢ÝÖð²½Öƶ©Îª¸÷¹ú¹²Í¬×ñÊØµÄ¹ú¼ÊÐÂÎÅ·¨¹æºÍÖ°Òµ¹æ·¶¡£ ×ÜÖ®£¬Õⳡ¶·ÕùÊÇΪÁË·´¶Ô¹ú¼ÊÐÂÎÅ¢¶ÏÓë¿ØÖÆ£¬·´¶ÔÎÄ»¯ÇÖÂÔÓëÉøÍ¸£»ÎªÁËά »¤¹ú¼ÒÖ÷ȨÓë¶ÀÁ¢£¬ ±£ÕÏÉç»áÎȶ¨½¡¿µ·¢Õ¹¡£ ËüÊǹã´ó·¢Õ¹Öйú¼ÒÔÚÕþÖξ­¼ÃÁìÓòÀï·´¶ÔÉÙ Êý·¢´ï¹ú¼ÒÇÖÂÔÀ©ÕŵĶ·Õù
    µÄÑÓ»º£¬ ÊÇÕùÈ¡½¨Á¢¹«ÕýºÏÀíµÄÊÀ½çÐÂÖÈÐòµÄ¶·ÕùµÄÖØÒª×é³É²¿ ·Ö¡£ ·¢Õ¹Öйú¼ÒºÍ¹ú¼Ê½ø²½ÐÂÎŽçÔÚÕⳡ¶·ÕùÖÐÈ¡µÃµÄ½øÕ¹£º ¢Ù¹ú¼ÊÉç»áÒѳõ²½½ÓÊÜÁËÊÀ½çÐÂÎÅ´«²¥ÐÂÖÈÐòµÄÔ­Ôò¡£ ¢Ú·¢Õ¹Öйú¼ÒÒѾ­Ðж¯ÆðÀ´£¬Ò»·½Ãæ¼ÓÇ¿¹ÜÀí£¬ÇÐʵά»¤×ÔÉíÔÚÐÂÎÅ´«²¥ÁìÓòµÄ Ö÷Ȩ£»ÁíÒ»·½Ã棬¼Ó¿ì·¢Õ¹±¾¹úÐÂÎÅ´«²¥ÊÂÒµ¡£ ¢Û·¢Õ¹Öйú·×·×¼Óǿ˫±ß»ò¶à±ßºÏ×÷£¬µÖÖÆÎ÷·½ÐÂÎÅ»ú¹¹µÄ¢¶ÏºÍ¿ØÖÆ¡£ ĿǰÊÀ½çÐÂÎÅ´«²¥µÄÏÖ×´ÊÇÑϾþµÄ£º ¢ÙÓÉÓÚÀúÊ·ºÍÏÖʵµÄÔ­Òò£¬·¢Õ¹Öйú¼ÒºÍ·¢´ï¹ú¼ÒÔÚÐÂÎÅÊÂÒµµÄʵÁ¦¡¢¹æÄ£¡¢Ë® ƽµÈ·½ÃæÖÁ½ñÈÔÈ»´æÓкܴóµÄ²î¾à¡£ ¢ÚÀäÕ½½áÊøÒԺ󣬾­¼ÃÈ«Çò»¯¡¢ÕþÖζ༫»¯³ÉΪÀúÊ·µÄ´óÇ÷ÊÆ¡£
 


Ïà¹Ø»°Ìâ/ÐÂÎÅ

öλÔÓéÀÖ(xinhui)¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾_öλÔÓéÀÖappÏÂÔØÈë¿Ú