¹ùÇì¹â_´«²¥Ñ§½Ì³Ì_¸´Ï°Ìá¸Ù¼°¸´Ï°±Ê¼Ç(6)
Àî¹úÁ¼ /2009-01-06
µÚËÄÕ ÈËÀà´«²¥µÄ¹ý³ÌÓëϵͳ½á¹¹ ÈËÀà´«²¥¾ßÓйý³ÌÐÔºÍϵͳÐÔ¡£ µÚÒ»½Ú ´«²¥µÄ»ù±¾¹ý³Ì ÐÅÏ¢´«²¥µÄ¹ý³ÌÓëϵͳÐÔ Ò»¡¢´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄ¹¹³ÉÒªËØ£º´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄÒªËØ£¨´«Õß¡¢Ñ¶Ï¢¡¢Ã½½é¡¢ÊÜÕß¡¢·´À¡£©P58-59 ¶þ¡¢¼¸ÖÖÖ÷ÒªµÄ´«²¥¹ý³Ìģʽ£ºÄ£Ê½µÄË«ÖØÐÔÖÊP59 £¨Ò»£© ²¥¹ý³ÌµÄÖ±Ïßģʽ£ºÀ˹Τ¶ûµÄ´«²¥¹ý³Ìģʽ£»ÏãÅ©-Τ¸¥Êýѧģʽ £¨¶þ£© ´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄÑ»·ºÍ»¥¶¯Ä£Ê½£º°Â˹¹ÅµÂºÍÊ©ÀÄ·µÄÑ»·Ä£Ê½£»Ê©ÀÄ·µÄ´óÖÚ´«²¥¹ý³Ìģʽ£»µÂ¸¥ÀյĻ¥¶¯¹ý³Ìģʽ Èý¡¢´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄÌØµã£º´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄÈý¸öÌØÕ÷P64 µÚ¶þ½Ú£ºÉç»á´«²¥µÄϵͳ½á¹¹ Ò»¡¢´«²¥¹ý³ÌÑо¿Óë´«²¥ÏµÍ³Ñо¿£º´«²¥×ܹý³ÌÑо¿µÄ±ØÒªÐÔ ¶þ¡¢ÏµÍ³Ä£Ê½ÏµÄÉç»á´«²¥½á¹¹£ºÀµÀû·ò¸¾µÄϵͳģʽ£»ÂíÀ³×ȿ˹ØÓÚ´óÖÚ´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄϵͳģʽ Èý¡¢Éç»á´«²¥µÄ×ܹý³ÌÀíÂÛ£ºÈÕ±¾Ñ§ÕߵĴ«²¥×ܹý³ÌÑо¿£ºÌïÖÐÒå¾ÃµÄ´óÖÚ´«²¥¹ý³Ìͼʽ£»Î¨ÎïÊ·¹ÛϵÄÉç»á´«²¥×ܹý³ÌµÄËĸö·½ÃæµÄÀí½âP70-71
µÚÒ»½Ú ´«²¥µÄ»ù±¾¹ý³Ì Ò»¸ö»ù±¾µÄ´«²¥¹ý³Ì£¬°üÀ¨ÒÔÏÂÒªËØ£º 1¡¢ ´«²¥Õß¡£ÐÅÔ´¡£´«²¥ÐÐΪµÄÒý·¢Õß¡£ 2¡¢ ÊÜ´«Õß¡£ÐÅËÞ¡£Ñ¶Ï¢µÄ½ÓÊÕÕߺͷ´Ó¦Õߣ¬´«²¥ÕßµÄ×÷ÓöÔÏ󡣿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý·´À¡À´Ó°Ïì´«²¥Õß¡£ 3¡¢ ѶϢ¡£ÓÉÒ»×éÏ໥¹ØÁªµÄÓÐÒâÒå·ûºÅ×é³É£¬Äܹ»±í´ïijÖÖÍêÕûÒâÒåµÄÐÅÏ¢¡£ 4¡¢ ý½é¡£Óֳƴ«²¥ÇþµÀ¡¢ÐŵÀ¡¢Êֶλò¹¤¾ß¡£Ñ¶Ï¢µÄ°áÔËÕߣ¬Ò²Êǽ«´«²¥¹ý³ÌÖеĸ÷ÖÖÒòËØÏ໥Á¬½ÓÆðÀ´µÄŦ´ø¡£ 5¡¢ ·´À¡¡£ÊÜ´«Õß¶Ô½ÓÊÕµ½µÄѶϢµÄ·´Ó¦»ò»ØÓ¦£¬Ò²ÊÇÊÜ´«Õß¶Ô´«²¥Õߵķ´×÷Ó᣻ñµÃ·´À¡Ñ¶Ï¢ÊÇ´«²¥ÕßµÄÒâͼºÍÄ¿µÄ£¬·¢³ö·´À¡Ñ¶Ï¢Ê±ÊÜ´«ÕßÄܶ¯ÐÔµÄÌåÏÖ¡£·´À¡ÊÇÌåÏÖÉç»á´«²¥µÄË«ÏòÐԺͻ¥¶¯ÐÔµÄÖØÒª»úÖÆ¡£ ģʽ£º¿ÆÑ§Ñо¿ÖÐÒÔͼÐλò³ÌʽµÄ·½Ê½²ûÊͶÔÏóÊÂÎïµÄÒ»ÖÖ·½·¨¡£ ÕâÖÖ·½·¨µÄË«ÖØÐÔÖÊ£º 1¡¢ ģʽÓëÏÖʵ¾ßÓжÔÓ¦¹ØÏµ£¬µ«²»ÊǶÔÏÖʵÊÂÎïµÄµ¥´¿ÃèÊö£¬¶ø¾ßÓÐijÖ̶ֳȵijéÏ󻯺Ͷ¨Àí»¯ÐÔÖÊ¡£ 2¡¢ ģʽÓëÒ»¶¨µÄÀíÂÛÏà¶ÔÓ¦£¬ÓÖ²»µÈÓÚÀíÂÛ±¾Éí£¬¶øÊǶÔÀíÂÛµÄÒ»ÖÖ½âÊÍ»òËØÃ裬һÖÖÀíÂÛ¿ÉÒÔÓжàÖÖģʽÓëÖ®Ïà¶ÔÓ¦¡£ ´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄÖ±Ïßģʽ£º À˹Τ¶û¡¶ ´«²¥ÔÚÉç»áÖеĽṹºÍ¹¦ÄÜ¡·£¬¡°ÎåW¡±Ä£Ê½£¬¡°À˹Τ¶û³Ìʽ¡±µÄ¹ý³Ìģʽ¡£Ê×´ÎÌá³ö¹¹³É´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄÎåÖÖ»ù±¾ÒªËØ¡£Who,says what,in which channel,to whom,with what effect.Ë£¬ËµÁËʲô£¬Í¨¹ýʲôÇþµÀ£¬ÏòË˵£¬ÓÐʲôЧ¹û¡£ Õâ¸öģʽµÚÒ»´Î½«´«²¥»î¶¯Ã÷È·±íÊöΪÓÉÎå¸ö»·½ÚºÍÒªËØ¹¹³ÉµÄ¹ý³Ì£¬ÎªÈËÃÇÀí½â´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄ½á¹¹ºÍÌØÐÔÌṩÁ˾ßÌåµÄ³ö·¢µã¡£ºóÀ´´óÖÚ´«²¥µÄÎå´óÁìÓò£º¿ØÖÆÑо¿£¬ÄÚÈÝ·ÖÎö£¬Ã½½é·ÖÎö£¬ÊÜÖÚ·ÖÎöºÍЧ¹û·ÖÎö£¬¾ÍÊÇÑØ×ÅÀ˹Τ¶ûģʽµÄ˼·Ðγɵġ£ ÊôÓÚµ¥ÏòÖ±Ïßģʽ£¬Ã»ÓÐÌṩ·´À¡ÇþµÀ£¬Ã»ÓнÒʾÈËÀàÉç»á´«²¥µÄË«ÏòºÍ»¥¶¯ÐÔÖÊ¡£ ÏãÅ©¡ª¡ªÎ¤¸¥Ä£Ê½/´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄÊýѧģʽ£º¡¶´«²¥µÄÊýѧÀíÂÛ¡· ÐÅÔ´¡¢Ñ¶Ï¢¡¢·¢ÉäÆ÷¡¢Ðźš¢ÔìÔ´¡¢½ÓÊÕµ½µÄÐźš¢½ÓÊÕÆ÷¡¢Ñ¶Ï¢¡¢ÐÅËÞ¡£ ÃèÊöµç×ÓͨÐŹý³Ì¡£ ÐÅÔ´·¢³öѶϢ£¬ÔÙÓÉ·¢ÉäÆ÷½«Ñ¶Ï¢×ªÎª¿ÉÒÔ´«Ë͵ÄÐźţ¬¾¹ý´«Ê䣬ÓɽÓÊÕÆ÷°Ñ½ÓÊÕµ½µÄÐźŻ¹ÔΪѶϢ£¬½«Ö®´«µÝ¸øÐÅËÞ¡£Õâ¸ö¹ý³ÌÖУ¬Ñ¶Ï¢¿ÉÄÜÊܵ½ÔëÒôµÄ¸ÉÈÅ£¬²úÉúijЩ˥¼õ»òÊ§Õæ¡£ µ¼ÈëÁËÔëÒôµÄ¸ÅÄ±íÃ÷ÁË´«²¥²»ÊÇÔÚ·â±ÕµÄÕæ¿ÕÖнøÐе쬹ý³ÌÄÚÍâµÄ¸÷ÖÖÕϰÒòËØ»áÐγɶÔѶϢµÄ¸ÉÈÅ¡£¶ÔһЩ¼¼ÊõºÍÉ豸»·½ÚµÄ·ÖÎö£¬Ìá¸ßÁË´«²¥Ñ§Õß¶ÔÐÅÏ¢¿Æ¼¼ÔÚ´«²¥¹ý³ÌÖеÄ×÷ÓõÄÈÏʶ£¬ÎªÒÔÎÄÀí½áºÏµÄ·½·¨¿¼²ì´«²¥¹ý³Ì´òÏÂÁË»ù´¡¡£ ÃèÊöµÄÊǵç×ÓͨÐŹý³Ì£¬Ö±Ïßµ¥Ïò¹ý³Ì¡£È±ÉÙ·´À¡»·½Ú¡£ Ö±ÏßģʽµÄȱÏÝ£º 1¡¢ ÈÝÒ×°Ñ´«²¥ÕߺÍÊÜ´«ÕߵĽÇÉ«¡¢¹ØÏµºÍ×÷Óù̶¨»¯¡£ 2¡¢ ȱ·¦·´À¡µÄÒªËØ»ò»·½Ú£¬²»ÄÜÌåÏÖÈËÀà´«²¥µÄ»¥¶¯ÐÔÖÊ¡£ ´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄÑ»·ºÍ»¥¶¯Ä£Ê½£º Ê©ÀÄ·¡¶´«²¥ÊÇÔõÑùÔËÐеġ· °Â˹¹ÅµÂºÍÊ©ÀÄ·µÄÑ»·Ä£Ê½£º1¡¢Ã»Óд«²¥ÕߺÍÊÜ´«ÕߵĸÅÄ´«²¥Ë«·½¶¼×÷Ϊ´«²¥ÐÐΪµÄÖ÷Ìå¡£2¡¢Ä£Ê½Öص㲻ÔÚÓÚ·ÖÎö´«²¥ÇþµÀÖеĸ÷ÖÖ»·½Ú£¬ÔÚÓÚ½âÎö´«²¥ Ë«·½µÄ½ÇÉ«¹¦ÄÜ¡£²Î¼Ó´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄÿһ·½ÔÚ²»Í¬½×¶Î¶¼ÒÀ´Î°çÑÝ×ÅÒëÂëÕß £¨Ö´ÐнÓÊպͷûºÅ½â¶Á¹¦ÄÜ£©¡¢½âÊÍÕߣ¨Ö´ÐнâÊÍÒâÒ幦ÄÜ£©ºÍ±àÂëÕߣ¨Ö´ÐзûºÅ»¯ºÍ´«´ï¹¦ÄÜ£©µÄ½ÇÉ«£¬²¢Ï໥½»Ìæ×ÅÕâЩ½ÇÉ«¡£ Ç¿µ÷ÁËÉç»á´«²¥µÄ»¥¶¯ÐÔ£¬°Ñ´«²¥Ë«·½¶¼¿´×÷ÊÇ´«²¥ÐÐΪµÄÖ÷Ìå¡£ ȱÏÝ£º1¡¢°Ñ´«²¥Ë«·½·ÅÔÚÍêÈ«¶ÔµÈ»òƽµÈµÄ¹ØÏµÖУ¬ÓëÏÖʵÇé¿ö²»·û¡£2¡¢Äܹ»ÌåÏÖÈ˼ʴ«²¥ÌرðÊÇÃæ¶ÔÃæ´«²¥µÄÌØµã£¬È´²»ÄÜÊÊÓÃÓÚ´óÖÚ´«²¥µÄ¹ý³Ì¡£ Ê©ÀÄ·µÄ´óÖÚ´«²¥Ä£Ê½£º¹¹³É´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄË«·½·Ö±ðÊÇ´óÖÚ´«Ã½ÓëÊÜÖÚ£¬Á½ÕßÖ®¼ä´æÔÚ×Å´«´ïÓë·´À¡µÄ¹ØÏµ¡£×÷Ϊ´«²¥ÕߵĴóÖÚ´«Ã½ÓëÒ»¶¨µÄÐÅÔ´ÏàÁ¬½Ó£¬ÓÖͨ¹ý´óÁ¿ ¸´ÖƵÄѶϢÓë×÷Ϊ´«²¥¶ÔÏóµÄÊÜÖÚÏàÁªÏµ¡£ÊÜÖÚÊǸöÈ˵ļ¯ºÏÌ壬ÕâЩ¸öÈËÓÖ·ÖÊôÓÚ¸÷×ÔµÄÉç»áȺÌ壻¸öÈËÓë¸öÈË¡¢¸öÈËÓëȺÌåÖ®¼ä¶¼±£³Ö×ÅÌØ¶¨µÄ´«²¥¹ØÏµ¡£ ÔÚÒ»¶¨³Ì¶ÈÉϽÒʾÁËÉç»á´«²¥¹ý³ÌÏ໥Á¬½áÐԺͽ»Ö¯ÐÔ£¬³õ²½¾ßÓÐÁËϵͳģʽµÄÌØµã¡£ µÂ¸¥ÀյĻ¥¶¯¹ý³Ìģʽ£ºÔÚÏãÅ©¡ª¡ªÎ¤¸¥Ä£Ê½µÄ»ù´¡ÉÏ·¢Õ¹¶øÀ´¡£¿Ë·þÁËǰÕßµ¥ÏòÖ±ÏßµÄȱµã£¬Ã÷È·²¹³äÁË·´À¡µÄÒªËØ¡¢»·½ÚºÍÇþµÀ£¬Ê¹´«²¥¹ý³Ì¸ü·ûºÏÈËÀà´«²¥»¥¶¯µÄÌØµã¡£ÍØÕ¹ÁËÔëÒôµÄ¸ÅÄÈÏΪÔëÒô²»½ö¶ÔѶϢ¶øÇÒ¶Ô´«´ïºÍ·´À¡¹ý³ÌÖеÄÈκÎÒ»¸ö»·½Ú»òÒªËØ¶¼»á·¢ÉúÓ°Ïì¡£ Õâ¸öģʽҲûÓг¬³ö´Ó¹ý³Ì±¾Éí»ò´Ó¹ý³ÌÄÚ²¿À´ËµÃ÷¹ý³ÌµÄ·¶³ë¡£ ´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄÌØµã£º 1¡¢´«²¥¹ý³Ì¾ßÓж¯Ì¬ÐÔ¡£ÐÎʽÉÏÌåÏÖΪÓÐÒâÒåµÄ·ûºÅ×éºÏÔÚÌØ¶¨ÇþµÀÖеÄÁ÷¶¯£¬ÊµÖÊÉÏÔòÊÇ´«²¥ÕßÓëÊÜ´«ÕßµÄÒâÒå»ò¾«ÉñÄÚÈݵÄË«Ïò»¥¶¯¡£ 2¡¢´«²¥¹ý³Ì¾ßÓÐÐòÁÐÐÔ¡£´«²¥¹ý³ÌÖи÷»·½ÚºÍÒòËØµÄ×÷Óø÷ÓÐÏȺó´ÎÐò£¬°´ÕÕѶϢµÄÁ÷ÏòÒÀ´ÎÖ´Ðй¦ÄÜ¡£ 3¡¢´«²¥¹ý³Ì¾ßÓнṹÐÔ¡£´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄ½á¹¹¼´¹ý³ÌÖи÷ÒªËØ¡¢¸÷»·½ÚÖ®¼äÏ໥¹ØÏµµÄ×ÜÌå¡£¸÷»·½Ú»òÒªËØ±¾ÉíÓи÷×ÔµÄÉî²ã½á¹¹¡£ µÚ¶þ½Ú Éç»á´«²¥µÄϵͳ½á¹¹ Éç»á´«²¥µÄϵͳģʽ£ºÔËÓÃϵͳÂÛµÄÔÀíºÍ·½·¨À´¿¼²ìÉç»á´«²¥¡£ ÀµÀû·ò¸¾µÄ´«²¥ÏµÍ³Ä£Ê½£º¡¶´óÖÚ´«²¥ÓëÉç»áϵͳ¡· ÈκÎÒ»ÖÖ´«²¥¹ý³Ì¶¼±íÏÖΪһ¶¨µÄϵͳµÄ»î¶¯£¬¶àÖØ½á¹¹ÊÇÉç»á´«²¥ÏµÍ³µÄ±¾ÖÊÌØµã£º 1¡¢ ´ÓÊ´«²¥µÄË«·½¼´´«²¥ÕߺÍÊÜ´«Õß¶¼¿ÉÒÔ±»¿´×÷ÊÇÒ»¸ö¸öÌåϵͳ£¬ÈËÄÚ´«²¥¡£ 2¡¢ ¸öÌåϵͳÓëÆäËû¸÷ÌåϵͳÏ໥Á¬½Ó£¬ÐγÉÈ˼ʴ«²¥¡£ 3¡¢ ¸öÌåϵͳ·ÖÊôÓÚ²»Í¬µÄȺÌåϵͳ£¬ÐγÉȺÌå´«²¥¡£ 4¡¢ ȺÌåϵͳµÄÔËÐÐÓÖÊÇÔÚ¸ü´óµÄÉç»á½á¹¹ºÍ×ÜÌåÉç»áϵͳÖнøÐеģ¬ÓëÕþÖΡ¢¾¼Ã¡¢ÎÄ»¯¡¢ÒâʶÐÎ̬µÄ´ó»·¾³±£³Ö×ÅÏ໥×÷ÓõĹØÏµ¡£ ÿ¸öϵͳ¼È¾ßÓÐÏà¶Ô¶ÀÁ¢ÐÔ£¬ÓÖÓëÆäËûϵͳ´¦ÓÚÆÕ±éÁªÏµºÍÏ໥×÷ÓÃÖ®ÖС£ ÂíÀ³×ȿ˵Äϵͳ´«²¥Ä£Ê½£º¡¶´óÖÚ´«²¥ÐÄÀíѧ¡·67Ò³ °Ñ´óÖÚ´«²¥¿´×÷ÊǰüÀ¨Éç»áÐÄÀíÒòËØÔÚÄڵĸ÷ÖÖÉç»áÓ°ÏìÁ¦½»»¥×÷Óõġ°³¡¡±£¬Õâ¸öϵͳµÄÿ¸öÖ÷Òª»·½Ú¶¼ÊÇÕâЩÒòËØ»òÓ°ÏìÁ¦µÄ¼¯½áµã¡£°üÀ¨£º 1¡¢ Ó°ÏìºÍÖÆÔ¼´«²¥ÕßµÄÒòËØ 2¡¢ Ó°ÏìºÍÖÆÔ¼ÊÜ´«ÕßµÄÒòËØ 3¡¢ Ó°ÏìºÍÖÆÔ¼Ã½½éºÍѶϢµÄÒòËØ£º´«²¥Õß¶ÔѶϢÄÚÈݵÄÑ¡ÔñºÍ¼Ó¹¤£»ÊÜ´«Õß¶Ôý½éÄÚÈݵĽӴ¥Ñ¡Ôñ£»ÖÆÔ¼Ã½½éµÄÒ»¸öÖØÒªÒòËØÊÇÊÜ´«Õß¶Ôý½éµÄÓ¡Ïó£¬ÕâÖÖÓ¡ÏóÊÇ»ùÓÚÆ½Ê±µÄýÌå½Ó´¥¾ÑéÐγɵġ£ Éç»á´«²¥µÄ×ܹý³ÌÀíÂÛ£º°Ñ´«²¥¿´×öÊÇÒ»¸öÓëÉç»á½»ÍùÐÎ̬ÃÜÇÐÏà¹ØµÄÖØÒª·¶³ë£¬ÔÚ¶ÔÈËÀàÉç»á´«²¥µÄ×ܵÄÀúÊ··¢Õ¹¹ý³Ì½øÐзÖÎöµÄͬʱ£¬Ò²°ÑÏÖ´úÉç»áÖеĴ«²¥ÌرðÊÇ´óÖÚ´«²¥¹ý³ÌÓëºê¹ÛµÄÉç»á½á¹¹½áºÏÆðÀ´½øÐп¼²ì¡£ ÌïÖÐÒå¾ÃµÄ´óÖÚ´«²¥¹ý³Ìͼʽ£º °ÑÈËÀཻÍù·ÖΪÈýÖÖÀàÐÍ£º 1¡¢ ÓëÈ˵ÄÌåÄÜÓйصġ°ÄÜÁ¿½»Íù¡± 2¡¢ ÓëÈËÀàÉç»áµÄÎïÖÊÉú²úÏàÁªÏµµÄ¡°ÎïÖʽ»Íù¡± 3¡¢ Ó뾫ÉñÉú²úÏàÁªÏµµÄ¾«Éñ½»Íù£¬¼´·ûºÅ£¨ÐÅÏ¢£©½»Íù¡£·ûºÅ£¨ÐÅÏ¢£©½»Íù¹ý³ÌÒ²¾ÍÊÇ´«²¥¹ý³Ì£¬Ëü½¨Á¢ÔÚǰÁ½ÖÖ½»ÍùµÄ»ù´¡Ö®ÉÏ£¬ÓëÉç»áµÄÉú²úÁ¦¡¢¿ÆÑ§¼¼Êõ¡¢Éú²ú¹ØÏµºÍÒâʶÐÎ̬±£³Ö×ÅÆÕ±éÁªÏµºÍÏ໥×÷ÓõĹØÏµ¡£ µÚÒ»¸ö»ùÓÚΨÎïÊ·¹ÛµÄϵͳģʽ¡£ ½«×ʱ¾Ö÷ÒåµÄ´óÖÚ´«²¥×ܹý³Ì¿´×÷ÊÇÐÅÏ¢µÄÉú²ú¡¢Á÷ͨºÍÏû·Ñ¹ý³Ì¡£ ÏÖ´ú´óÖÚ´«²¥Óë×ʱ¾ÖƶÈÊÇÃÜÇнáºÏÔÚÒ»ÆðµÄ¡£ ΨÎïÊ·¹ÛϵÄÉç»á´«²¥×ܹý³Ì£º 1¡¢ ÐÅÏ¢´«²¥ÊôÓÚÓëÈËÀàµÄ¾«ÉñÉú²úÏà¶ÔÓ¦µÄ¾«Éñ½»Íù»î¶¯µÄ·¶³ë¡£Éç»á³ÉÔ±Ö®¼äµÄ¾«Éñ½»Íù¹ØÏµ¾ÍÊÇÎÒÃÇËù˵µÄ´«²¥¹ØÏµ¡£ 2¡¢ ¿¼²ìÐÅÏ¢´«²¥£¬Òª¿¼²ìÉç»áµÄ¾«ÉñÉú²ú¡£ 3¡¢ ¾«ÉñÉú²ú´æÔÚ×ÅÉú²úÁ¦ºÍÉú²ú¹ØÏµµÄ±çÖ¤Ô˶¯¡£Ò»¸öÉç»áÖо«ÉñÉú²úµÄÐÔÖÊ£¬È¡¾öÓÚÕâ¸öÉç»áµÄ¾«ÉñÉú²úÁ¦µÄˮƽºÍ¾«ÉñÉú²ú¹ØÏµµÄ״̬¡£ 4¡¢ ×÷Ϊ¾«ÉñÉú²ú¹ØÏµµÄ´«²¥¹ØÏµÖÐͬÑù´æÔÚ×ÅÉú²ú¡¢·ÖÅä¡¢½»»»ºÍÏû·ÑËĸö»·½Ú£¬ÕâЩ»·½ÚÏ໥ÁªÏµºÍÏ໥×÷Óù¹³ÉÁËÉç»á´«²¥Õâ¸ö¡°×ÜÌ塱¹ý³ÌµÄÔ˶¯¡£ Éç»á´«²¥½á¹¹ÊÇÈËÀàÉç»á×ܹý³ÌµÄÒ»²¿·Ö¡£ ¿ÎºóÁ·Ï°Ì⣺ 1¡¢´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄ¹¹³ÉÒªËØ ¢Ù´«²¥Õߣº¼´ÐÅÔ´£¬ÐÅÏ¢·¢³öÕߣ¬¸öÈË¡¢ÈºÌå»ò×éÖ¯½Ô¿É£» ¢ÚÊÜÖÚ£º¼´ÐÅËÞ£¬ÐÅÏ¢½ÓÊÕÓë·´Ó¦Õߣ¬¸öÈË¡¢ÈºÌå»ò×éÖ¯½Ô¿É£» ¢ÛѶϢ£ºÓÉÒ»×éÏ໥¹ØÁªµÄÓÐÒâÒåµÄ·ûºÅ×é³É£¬Äܱí´ïijÖÖÍêÕûÒâÒåµÄÐÅÏ¢£¬´«¡¢ÊÜË«·½Éç»á»¥¶¯µÄ½éÖÊ£» ¢Üý½é£º¼´´«²¥ÇþµÀ¡¢ÐŵÀ¡¢Êֶλò¹¤¾ß£¬Ñ¶Ï¢µÄ°áÔËÕߣ¬Á¬½Ó´«²¥¹ý³ÌÖи÷ÖÖÒòËØµÄŦ´ø£» ¢Ý·´À¡£ºÊÜ´«Õß¶Ô½ÓÊÕµ½µÄÐÅÏ¢µÄ·´Ó¦»ò»ØÓ¦£¬ÊÜ´«Õß¶Ô´«²¥Õߵķ´×÷Óá£ÌåÏÖÉç»á´«²¥µÄË«ÏòÐԺͻ¥¶¯ÐÔ¡£ £²¡¢´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄÖ±Ïßģʽ AÀ˹Τ¶ûµÄ´«²¥¹ý³Ìģʽ ¢Ù£¨ÃÀ£©£È.À˹Τ¶û¡¶´«²¥ÔÚÉç»áÖеĽṹºÍ¹¦ÄÜ¡·¡£ÓÖ³ÆÀ˹Τ¶ûģʽ»òÎåWģʽ¡£ ¢ÚÎå£×£º£×ho£¨Ë£©£»Say what£¨ËµÁËʲô£©£»In which channel£¨Í¨¹ýʲôÇþµÀ£©£»To whom£¨ÏòË˵£©£»With what effect£¨ÓÐʲôЧ¹û£© ¢ÛÄÚÈÝ£ºË£¨´«²¥Õߣ©¡ªËµÊ²Ã´£¨Ñ¶Ï¢£©¡ªÍ¨¹ýʲôÇþµÀ£¨Ã½½é£©¡ª¶ÔË˵£¨ÊÜ´«Õߣ©¡ªÓÐʲôЧ¹û£¨Ð§¹û£© ¢ÜÆÀ¼Û£ºa.ÒâÒ壺µÚÒ»´Î½«ÈËÃÇÿÌì´ÓÊÂÓÖ²ûÊͲ»ÇåµÄ´«²¥»î¶¯Ã÷È·±íÊöΪÓÐÎå¸ö»·½ÚºÍÒªËØ¹¹³ÉµÄ¹ý³Ì£¬ÎªÈËÃÇÀí½â´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄ½á¹¹ºÍÌØÐÔÌṩÁ˾ßÌåµÄ³ö·¢ µã£»Ã÷È·¹´ÀÕ³ö´«²¥Ñ§Ñо¿µÄÎå¸öÖ÷ÒªÁìÓò£¨¿ØÖÆÑо¿¡¢ÄÚÈÝ·ÖÎö¡¢Ã½½éÑо¿¡¢ÊÜÖÚÑо¿ºÍЧ¹ûÑо¿£©£¬¶ÔÐγɴ«²¥Ñ§ÀíÂÛÌåϵµÄ»ù±¾¿ò¼Ü¾ßÓÐÖØÒªÒâÒ壻b.²» ×㣺µ¥ÏòÖ±Ïßģʽ£¬Î´Ìṩ·´À¡ÇþµÀ£¬Ã»ÓнÒʾÈËÀàÉç»á´«²¥µÄË«ÏòºÍ»¥¶¯ÐÔÖÊ¡£ BÏãÅ©-Τ¸¥Êýѧģʽ ¢Ù£¨ÃÀ£©C.ÏãÅ©ºÍW.Τ¸¥¡¶´«²¥ÊýѧÀíÂÛ¡· ¢ÚÄÚÈÝ£ºÐÅÔ´¡ª¡ª·¢ÉäÆ÷¡ª¡ª¡õ¡ª¡ª½ÓÊÕÆ÷¡ª¡ªÐÅËÞ ÔëÔ´ ¢ÛÆÀ¼Û£ºa.ÒâÒ壺µ¼ÈëÔëÒô¸ÅÄ±íÃ÷´«²¥¹ý³ÌÄÚÍâµÄÕϰÒòËØ¶ÔѶϢµÄ¸ÉÈÅ£»Ìá¸ß´«²¥Ñ§Õß¶ÔÐÅÏ¢¿Æ¼¼ÔÚ´«²¥¹ý³ÌÖеÄ×÷ÓõÄÈÏʶ£»b.²»×㣺ֱÏßµ¥Ïò¹ý³Ì£¬È±ÉÙ·´À¡»·½ÚºÍ½ÇÉ«»¥»»£¨×÷Ϊµç×ÓͨÐŹý³Ì²¢ÎÞ²»Í×£©¡£ 3¡¢´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄÑ»·ºÍ»¥¶¯Ä£Ê½ A°Â˹¹ÅµÂÓëÊ©ÀÄ·µÄÑ»·Ä£Ê½ ¢ÙÊ©ÀÄ·ÊܰÂ˹¹ÅµÂµÄ¹ÛµãÆô·¢£¬¡¶´«²¥ÊÇÔõÑùÔËÐеġ·¡£ ¢ÚÄÚÈÝ£ºa.ûÓд«²¥ÕߺÍÊÜ´«ÕߵĸÅÄ´«²¥Ë«·½¶¼ÊÇ´«²¥ÐÐΪµÄÖ÷Ì壬ѶϢѻ·£¬Ï໥×÷Óã»b.ÖØµã²»ÔÚÓÚ·ÖÎö´«²¥ÇþµÀÖеĸ÷ÖÖ»·½Ú£¬¶øÔÚÓÚ½âÎö´«²¥Ë«·½ µÄ½ÇÉ«¹¦ÄÜ¡£Ë«·½ÔÚ²»Í¬½×¶Î¶¼ÒÀ´Î°çÑÝÒëÂëÕߣ¨½ÓÊܺͽâ¶Á·ûºÅ£©¡¢½âÊÍÕߣ¨½âÊÍÒâÒ壩ºÍ±àÂëÕߣ¨·ûºÅ»¯ºÍ´«´ï£©µÄ½ÇÉ«¡£ ¢ÛÆÀ¼Û£ºa.ÒâÒ壺ǿµ÷Éç»á´«²¥µÄ»¥¶¯ÐÔ£¬°Ñ´«²¥Ë«·½¶¼¿´×÷ÊÇ´«²¥ÐÐΪµÄÖ÷Ì壬ÕýÈ·£»b.²»×㣺°Ñ´«²¥Ë«·½·ÅÔÚÍêÈ«¶ÔµÈ£¨Æ½µÈ£©µÄ¹ØÏµÖв»ºÏÊÊ£»½öÊÊÓÚÈ˼ʴ«²¥£¬²»ÊÊÓÚ´óÖÚ´«²¥¹ý³Ì¡£ BÊ©ÀÄ·µÄ´óÖÚ´«²¥Ä£Ê½ ¢ÙÊ©ÀÄ·¡¶´«²¥ÊÇÔõÑùÔËÐеġ· ¢ÚÄÚÈÝ£ºa.¹¹³É´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄË«·½·Ö±ðÊÇ´óÖÚ´«Ã½ºÍÊÜÖÚ£¬¶þÕß¼äÊÇ´«´ïÓë·´À¡µÄ¹ØÏµ£»b.´óÖÚ´«Ã½£¨´«²¥Õߣ©ÓëÒ»¶¨µÄÐÅÔ´Á¬½Ó£¬ÓÖͨ¹ý´óÁ¿¸´ÖƵÄÐÅÏ¢ÓëÊÜÖÚ£¨¸öÈ˼¯ºÏÌ壬·ÖÊôÓÚ¸÷×ÔµÄÉç»áȺÌ壩ÏàÁªÏµ£¬¸öÈËÓë¸öÈË¡¢¸öÈËÓëȺÌåÖ®¼ä¶¼±£³Ö×ÅÌØ¶¨µÄ´«²¥¹ØÏµ¡£ ¢ÛÆÀ¼Û£º³ä·ÖÌåÏÖ´óÖÚ´«²¥µÄÌØµã£¬Ò»¶¨³Ì¶ÈÉϽÒʾÉç»á´«²¥¹ý³ÌÏ໥Á¬½áÐԺͽ»Ö¯ÐÔ£¬³õ²½¾ß±¸ÏµÍ³Ä£Ê½Ìص㡣 CµÂ¸¥ÀյĻ¥¶¯¹ý³Ìģʽ ¢ÙÔÚÏãÅ©-Τ¸¥Ä£Ê½»ù´¡ÉÏ·¢Õ¹¶øÀ´¡£ ¢ÚÄÚÈÝ£º ¢ÛÆÀ¼Û£ºa.ÒâÒ壺¿Ë·þǰÕßµ¥ÏòÖ±ÏßµÄȱµã£¬Ã÷È·²¹³äÁË·´À¡µÄÒªËØ¡¢»·½ÚºÍÇþµÀ£¬Ê¹´«²¥¹ý³Ì¸ü·ûºÏÈËÀà´«²¥»¥¶¯µÄÌØµã£»ÍØÕ¹ÁËÔëÒôµÄ¸ÅÄÈÏΪÔëÒô¶ÔѶ Ï¢¡¢´«´ïºÍ·´À¡µÄÈκλ·½Ú»òÒªËØ¶¼»á·¢ÉúÓ°Ï죻ÊÊÓ÷¶Î§±È½ÏÆÕ±é¡£b.²»×㣺δÄÜÖ¸³ö´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄÍⲿÌõ¼þºÍ»·¾³ÒòËØµÄ¸´ÔÓÐÔ¡£ 4¡¢´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄÌØµã ¢Ù¶¯Ì¬ÐÔ£ºÆäÔ˶¯ÌصãÔÚÐÎʽÉÏÌåÏÖΪÓÐÒâÒåµÄ·ûºÅ×éºÏ£¨Ñ¶Ï¢£©ÔÚÌØ¶¨ÇþµÀÖеÄÁ÷¶¯£¬ÊµÖÊÊÇ´«²¥ÕߺÍÊÜÖÚµÄÒâÒ壨¾«Éñ£©ÄÚÈݵÄË«Ïò»¥¶¯£¬¼´×÷ÓÃÓë·´×÷Óᣠ¢ÚÐòÁÐÐÔ£º¸÷»·½ÚºÍÒòËØµÄ×÷Óø÷ÓÐÏȺó´ÎÐò£¬°´Ñ¶Ï¢µÄÁ÷ÏòÒÀ´ÎÖ´Ðй¦ÄÜ¡£ ¢Û½á¹¹ÐÔ£º´«²¥¹ý³ÌµÄ½á¹¹¼´¸÷ÒªËØ£¨»·½Ú£©Ö®¼äÏ໥¹ØÏµµÄ×ÜÌ塣ʱ¼äÉϵÄÏȺó´ÎÐò¡¢ÐÎ̬ÉϵÄÁ´Ê½Á¬½ÓÒ²ÊÇÆä½á¹¹Ìص㣬¸÷»·½Ú£¨ÒªËØ£©±¾Éí»¹Óи÷×ÔµÄÉî²ã½á¹¹¡£ 5¡¢ÏµÍ³Ä£Ê½ÏµÄÉç»á´«²¥½á¹¹ AÀµÀû·ò¸¾µÄϵͳģʽ ¢Ù£¨ÃÀ£©ÀµÀû·ò¸¾¡¶´óÖÚ´«²¥ÓëÉç»áϵͳ¡·¡£ ¢ÚÄÚÈÝ£º ¢ÛÒâÒ壺a.±íÃ÷ÈκÎÒ»ÖÖ´«²¥¹ý³Ì¶¼±íÏÖΪһ¶¨µÄϵͳ»î¶¯£¬¶àÖØ½á¹¹ÊÇÉç»á´«²¥ÏµÍ³µÄ±¾ÖÊÌØµã£º*´«ÊÜË«·½¶¼¿É±»¿´×÷Ò»¸öϵͳ£¬ÕâЩ¸öÌåϵͳ¸÷ÓÐ×ÔÉíµÄÄÚ Ôڻ£¬¼´ÈËÄÚ´«²¥£»*¸öÌåϵͳ¼äÏ໥Á¬½Ó£¬ÐγÉÈ˼ʴ«²¥£»*¸öÌåϵͳ²»¹ÂÁ¢£¬·ÖÊôÓÚ²»Í¬µÄȺÌåϵͳ£¬ÐγÉȺÌå´«²¥£»*ȺÌåϵͳµÄÔËÐÐÔÚ¸ü´óÉç»á½á¹¹ºÍ×Ü ÌåÉç»áϵͳÖнøÐУ¬ÓëÉç»áÕþ¡¢¾¡¢ÎÄ¡¢ÒâʶÐÎ̬´ó»·¾³±£³ÖÏ໥×÷Óá£*´óÖÚ´«²¥Ò²ÊÇÆäÖÐÒ»ÖÖ´«²¥ÏµÍ³¡£b.Éç»á´«²¥ÏµÍ³µÄ¸÷ÖÖÀàÐÍ£¨Î¢¹Û¡¢Öйۡ¢ºê¹Û£©¼È ¾ß¶ÀÁ¢ÐÔ£¬ÓÖ´¦ÓÚÆÕ±éÁªÏµºÍÏ໥×÷ÓÃÖ®ÖУ¬ÊÇÒ»¸ö¸´ÔÓ¶øÓлúµÄ×ÛºÏϵͳ¡£ BÂíÀ³×ȿ˵Äϵͳģʽ ¢Ù£¨µÂ£©ÂíÀ´×ȿˡ¶´óÖÚ´«²¥ÐÄÀíѧ¡· ¢ÚÄÚÈÝ£º´óÖÚ´«²¥ÊǰüÀ¨Éç»áÐÄÀíÒòËØÔÚÄڵĸ÷ÖÖÉç»áÓ°ÏìÁ¦½»»¥×÷Óõġ°³¡¡±£¬¸Ãϵͳ¸÷Ö÷Òª»·½Ú¶¼ÊÇÕâЩÒòËØ»òÓ°ÏìÁ¦µÄ¼¯½áµã£¬°üÀ¨£ºa.Ó°ÏìºÍÖÆÔ¼´«²¥Õß µÄÒòËØ£¨´«²¥ÕßµÄ×ÔÎÒÓ¡Ïó¡¢È˸ñ½á¹¹¡¢Í¬ÁÅȺÌå¡¢Éç»á»·¾³¡¢ÊÜÖÚµÄ×Ô·¢·´À¡Ëù²úÉúµÄÔ¼ÊøÁ¦¡¢À´×ÔѶϢ±¾Éí¼°Ã½½éÐÔÖʵÄÔ¼ÊøÁ¦µÈ£©£»b.Ó°ÏìºÍÖÆÔ¼ÊÜÖÚµÄÒò ËØ£¨ÊÜÖÚµÄ×ÔÎÒÓ¡Ïó¡¢È˸ñ½á¹¹¡¢ÈºÌåÓ°Ïì¡¢Éç»á»·¾³¡¢Ã½½éÄÚÈݵÄЧ¹û¡¢À´×Ôý½éµÄÔ¼ÊøÁ¦µÈ£©£»c.Ó°ÏìºÍÖÆÔ¼Ã½½éºÍѶϢµÄÒòËØ£¨´«²¥Õß¶ÔѶϢÄÚÈݵÄÑ¡ÔñºÍ ¼Ó¹¤¡¢ÊÜÖÚ¶Ôý½éÄÚÈݵĽӴ¥Ñ¡Ôñ¡¢ÊÜÖÚ¶Ôý½éµÄÓ¡Ï󣩡£¸Ãģʽ±íÃ÷£ºÉç»á´«²¥ÊÇÒ»¸ö¼«Æä¸´ÔӵĹý³Ì£¬ÆÀ¼Û¡¢½âÊÍÈκÎÒ»ÖÖ´«²¥»î¶¯¶¼ÒªÈ«ÃæÏµÍ³·ÖÎö£¬²»ÄÜÇá ϽáÂÛ¡£ 6¡¢Éç»á´«²¥µÄ×ܹý³ÌÀíÂÛ ÈÕ±¾Ñ§Õߣº°Ñ´«²¥¿´×÷ÊÇÓëÉç»á½»ÍùÐÎ̬ÃÜÇÐÏà¹ØµÄÖØÒª·¶³ë£¬ÔÚ·ÖÎöÈËÀàÉç»á´«²¥µÄ×ܵÄÀúÊ··¢Õ¹¹ý³ÌµÄͬʱ£¬Ò²°ÑÏÖ´úÉç»áÖеĴ«²¥ÌرðÊÇ´óÖÚ´«²¥¹ý³ÌÓëºê¹ÛµÄÉç»á½á¹¹½áºÏÆðÀ´¿¼²ì¡£¹Ê³ÆÎªÉç»á´«²¥µÄ×ܹý³ÌÀíÂÛ¡£ 7¡¢ÌïÖÐÒå¾Ã¡°´óÖÚ´«²¥¹ý³Ìͼʽ¡± ¢Ù´ÓÂí¶÷µÄ¡°½»Íù¡±¸ÅÄî³ö·¢£¬°ÑÈËÀཻÍù·ÖÈýÀࣺa.ÓëÈ˵ÄÌåÖÊÓйصġ°ÄÜÁ¿½»Íù¡±£»b.ÓëÎïÖÊÉú²úÓйصġ°ÎïÖʽ»Íù¡±£»c.Ó뾫ÉñÉú²úÏàÁªÏµµÄ¾«Éñ½»Íù £¨·ûºÅ»òÐÅÏ¢½»Íù£©¡£ÐÅÏ¢½»Íù¹ý³Ì¼´´«²¥¹ý³Ì£¬½¨Á¢ÔÚǰÁ½ÖÖ½»ÍùµÄ»ù´¡ÉÏ£¬ÓëÉç»áÉú²úÁ¦¡¢¿Æ¼¼¡¢Éú²ú¹ØÏµºÍÒâʶÐÎ̬±£³ÖÆÕ±éÁªÏµºÍÏ໥×÷Óá£ÔÚ½×¼¶Éç»á£¬ Éç»á´«²¥»¹ÊÇÒ»¶¨½×¼¶½á¹¹µÄÌåÏÖ¡££¨µÚÒ»¸ö»ùÓÚΨÎïÊ·¹ÛµÄϵͳģʽ£© ¢ÚÈ˼ʴ«²¥£ºÌض¨´«²¥µÄË«·½×÷ΪÓжÀÁ¢È˸ñµÄ˼ÏëÖ÷Ìå´ÓÊÂÉç»áÈÏʶºÍʵ¼ù»î¶¯£¬´«²¥ÊÇ´Óʾ«Éñ½»ÍùµÄŦ´ø£»´óÖÚ´«²¥£º´«²¥ÊÇÓÐ×éÖ¯µÄý½éÆóÒµ£¬ÊÜÖÚÊǾßÓÐÒ»¶¨×ÔÎÒÄܶ¯ÐԵĸöÈË¡£¡ª´«²¥Ë«·½¼°Æä»î¶¯¶¼ÊÜÒ»¶¨µÄÈÕ³£Éç»áÌõ¼þ»ò»·¾³µÄ±³¾°µÄÖÆÔ¼¡£ 8¡¢Î¨ÎïÊ·¹ÛϵÄÉç»á´«²¥×ܹý³Ì ¢ÙÐÅÏ¢´«²¥ÊôÓÚÓëÈËÀàµÄ¾«ÉñÉú²úÏà¶ÔÓ¦µÄ¾«Éñ½»Íù·¶³ë£»¢Ú¿¼²ìÐÅÏ¢´«²¥¾Í±ØÐ뿼²ìÉç»áµÄ¾«ÉñÉú²ú£»¢Û¾«ÉñÉú²úÒ²´æÔÚ×ÅÉú²úÁ¦ºÍÉú²ú¹ØÏµµÄ±çÖ¤Ô˶¯£¬Ò»¸öÉç »á¾«ÉñÉú²úµÄÐÔÖÊÈ¡¾öÓÚ¸ÃÉç»áµÄ¾«ÉñÉú²úÁ¦Ë®Æ½ºÍÉú²ú¹ØÏµµÄ״̬£»¢Ü´«²¥Ñ§Ñо¿Òª°ÑÐÅÏ¢¡°½»Á÷¡±Óëºê¹ÛµÄÉç»á¾«ÉñÉú²úºÍ½»ÍùÁªÏµÆðÀ´¡£¡ª×ÜÖ®£¬Éç»á´«²¥¹ý ³ÌÊÇÈËÀàÉç»á×ܹý³ÌµÄÒ»²¿·Ö£¬´«²¥µÄ½á¹¹ÌåÏÖÁËÈËÀàÉç»áµÄ½á¹¹¡£
