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Graham ¸ñÀººÄ·\nintegrated drive ¼¯³É¶¯Á¦Graham (1984) distinguished between integrative and assimilationist drive. Integrative motivation is a language learner¡¯s desire to acquire a second language in order to interact with or learn about members of the second language culture, and it does not always entail direct contact with the second language group. Assimilative motivation is the desire to become indistinguishable from other members of a speech group, and it typically necessitates extensive interaction with the second language culture.
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