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¡¡¡¡Compared with the previous Section 110(5) of US Copyright Act 1976, the subparagraph (B) was inserted, which has made a big difference and brought about a trade dispute between the EU and US.
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¡¡¡¡Arguments from the European Commission
¡¡¡¡Section 110(5) of the United States Copyright Act, as amended by the "Fairness in Music Licensing Act" enacted on 27 October 1998, exempts, under certain conditions, the communication or transmission embodying a performance or display of a work by the public reception of the transmission on a single receiving apparatus of a kind commonly used in private homes (sub-paragraph A, referred to as "homestyle exemption") and, also under certain conditions, communication by an establishment of a transmission or retransmission embodying a performance or display of a non-dramatic musical work intended to be received by the general public (subparagraph B, often referred to as "business exemption") from obtaining an authorization to do so by the respective right holder. In practice this means that Section 110(5) of the US Copyright Act permits under certain circumstances, the playing of radio and television music in public places (such as bars, shops, restaurants etc.) without the payment of a royalty fee.
¡¡¡¡ÃÀ¹ú°æȨ·¨110½ÚµÚ5¶Î¾1998Äê10ÔÂ27ÈÕ°ä²¼µÄ¡¶ÒôÀÖÐí¿É¹«Æ½·¨°¸¡·ÐÞÕý£¬¹æ¶¨ÁË£¬ÔÚÒ»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏ£¬´«²¥»ò´«Ëͺ¬Óй«ÖÚ¿ÉÒÔÔÚÒ»ÖÖÔÚ˽È˼ÒÍ¥Öо³£Ê¹Óõĵ¥Ò»½ÓÊÕ×°ÖÃÉϽÓÊÕµ½µÄÒ»¼þ×÷Æ·µÄ±íÑÝ»òչʾ£¨AС¶Î³ÆΪ"¼ÒÍ¥Ãâ³ý£©£»ÒÔ¼°ÔÚÒ»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏ£¬Ò»¸öÉèÊ©´«ËÍ»ò¶þ´Î´«ËÍÖ¼ÔÚÈù«ÖÚ½ÓÊյĺ¬ÓзÇÏ·¾çÒôÀÖ×÷Æ·µÄ±íÑÝ»òչʾ£¬¿ÉÒÔ²»±Ø»ñµÃ·Ö±ðµÄ°æȨ³ÖÓÐÈ˵ÄÊÚȨ¡£ÔÚʵ¼ùÖУ¬ÕâÒâζ×ÅÃÀ¹ú°æȨ·¨110½ÚµÚ5¶ÎÔÊÐíÔÚÒ»¶¨Çé¿öÏ£¬ÔÚ¹«ÖÚ³¡Ëù£¨ÀýÈç¾Æ°É¡¢É̵ꡢ·¹µêµÈ£©²¥·Å¹ã²¥¼°µçÊÓÖеÄÒôÀÖ£¬²»±Ø½»°æȨ·Ñ¡£
¡¡¡¡However, Article (9)1 of the WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights contained in Annex 1C to the Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization (hereafter the "TRIPS Agreement") obliges WTO Members to comply with Articles 1 to 21 of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (hereafter the "Berne Convention").
¡¡¡¡µ«ÊÇ¡¶WTOÓëóÒ×ÓйصÄ֪ʶ²úȨж¨¡·£¨ÒÔϼò³Æ¡¶TRIPSж¨¡·£©µÚ9.1ÌõÔð³ÉWTO³ÉÔ±×ñÊØ¡¶±£»¤ÎÄѧºÍÒÕÊõ×÷Æ·µÄ²®¶ûÄṫԼ¡·£¨ÒÔϼò³Æ¡¶²®¶ûÄṫԼ¡·£©µÄµÚ1ÖÁ21Ìõ¡£
¡¡¡¡Article 11bis(1) of the Berne Convention grants the authors of literary and artistic works, including musical works, the exclusive right of authorizing not only the broadcasting and other wireless communication of their works, but also the public communication of a broadcast of their works by loudspeaker or any other analogous instrument. Article 11(1) of the same Convention grants the authors of musical works the exclusive right of authorizing the public performance of their works, including such public performance by any means or process, and any communication to the public of the performance of their works.
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