öλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØ

ÔÚÇ´´ÊÔì¾ä·½Ã棬ÉÌÎñÓ¢ÓïÐź¯µÈÓ¦ÓÃÎÄʹÓý϶àµÄÉÌÎñÓ¢ÓïÊõÓï»òËõÂÔÓÈ磺L/C, FOB, W.P.A., BladingµÈ¡£Êʵ±Ê¹ÓÃÉÌÎñÓ¢ÓïÊõÓÌرðÊÇÑÔ¼òÒâêàµÄËõÂÔÓ¿É±ÜÃâÈß³¤µÄ½âÊÍ£¬¼ò»¯½»Ò×¹ý³Ì£¬Ìá¸ß¹¤×÷ЧÂÊ¡£ÁíÍ⣬ÉÌÎñÓ¢ÓïÐź¯µÈÓ¦ÓÃÎÄÕâÒ»±È½ÏÕýʽÓïÌåÒªÇó´ë´ÇׯÖØ¡¢µäÑÅ¡¢ÑϽ÷¡¢Õýʽ¡£Ôڴʻ㷽Ã棬ÉÌÎñÓ¢ÓïÐź¯µÈÓ¦ÓÃÎij£ÓÃlearned wordsÌæ´úpopular words£¬È磺ÓÃforwardÌæ´úsend, ÓÃbe in a position toÌæ´úbe able to£»ÉÌÎñÓ¢ÓïÐź¯µÈÓ¦ÓÃÎÄʹÓýϳ¤½ÏÕýʽµÄ´Ê¿é£¨lexical phrases£©£¬È磺Ïñ ¡°have made the necessary arrangements to...¡±ÕâÑùµÄverbal groupsºÍÏñ ¡°L/C to be established in our favor¡±ÕâÑùº¬Óнϳ¤ºóÖÃÏÞ¶¨ÓïµÄnominal groups¡£Ôھ䷨½á¹¹ÉÏ£¬½á¹¹×¯Öصġ°As we are in the market for your..., we should be pleased if you would send us your best quotations.¡±±È¿ÚÓﻯµÄ¡°Please offer us your best prices because we are ready to buy your...¡±¸ü·ûºÏÉÌÎñÓ¢ÓïÓ¦ÓÃÎĹ淶¡£
ÔÚÓïƪ½¨¹¹·½Ã棬ÉÌÎñÓ¢ÓïÓ¦ÓÃÎijýÁËÆäÌض¨¸ñʽ֮Í⣬ËüÓÐ×ÅʵÏÖÆäÌض¨Óïƪ¹¦ÄܵĽ¨¹¹·½·¨£¬Èç³ÂÁз¨(Data demonstration)¡£³ÂÁз¨¿ÉÌá¸ßÐÅÏ¢´«´ïµÄЧÂÊ¡£ÉÌÎñÒµÎñÀë²»¿ªÑ¯ÅÌ¡¢±¨ÅÌ¡¢Ïµ¥¡¢¿ªÖ¤ºÍ×°Ô˵¥Ö¤µÈÓëÊý¾Ý¡¢½»Ò×Ìõ¿îÃÜÇÐÏà¹ØµÄ³ÌÐò¡£´ËÀàÐź¯µÄ×î¼ÑÓïƪ½¨¹¹·½·¨Êǽ«Ïà¹ØÊý¾ÝÁбíÖƵ¥¡£ÀýÈ磬±¨ÅÌ°´Æ·Ãû¡¢ÊýÁ¿¡¢»õºÅ¡¢µ¥¼Û¡¢°ü×°¡¢¸¶¿î·½Ê½µÈÏîÁбí»ò·ÖÊö£¬È磺
Thank you for your letter of 15th May. We are glad to offer you the following:
a. Commodity: Soybeans, Heilongjiang origin, 2002 crop
b. Quantity: 300 metric tons
c. Price: US$ 600 per metric ton FOB Dalian
d. Packing: In ordinary second-hand gunny bags
e. Shipment: In October, 2002
f. Payment: By confirmed, irrevocable L/C payable by draft at sight.
3¡¢ÉÌÎñÓ¢ÓïÓ¦ÓÃÎÄ»°Óï»ùµ÷¼°ÆäÓïÑÔÌصã
»°Óï»ùµ÷ÊÇÖ¸²ÎÓëÕߵĽÇÉ«¹Øϵ£¬°üÀ¨³¤ÆÚµÄÉç»á½ÇÉ«¹Øϵ£¬¼´¡®µÚÒ»¼¶Éç»á½ÇÉ«¡¯(the first order social role)¹ØϵºÍÔÝʱÐԵġ¢¶¯Ì¬µÄ½»Á÷½ÇÉ«¹Øϵ£¬¼´¡®µÚ¶þ¼¶Éç»á½ÇÉ«¡¯(the second order social role)¹Øϵ(Halliday£¬1978)¡£ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ·Ö±ðÓÃÉç»á»ùµ÷(social tenor)ºÍ½»Á÷»ùµ÷(interactional tenor)À´±íʾÁ½Õß(Õŵ»£¬1998)¡£
´Ó½ÏÎȶ¨µÄ¡¢¾²Ì¬µÄ½Ç¶È½²£¬»°Óï»ùµ÷Ö¸½»¼ÊÕßÔÚÎÄ»¯Óï¾³ÖеĽÇÉ«¹Øϵ£¬Ëü²»ÊÇÖ¸¶ÀÁ¢µÄ¸öÌåËù´ú±íµÄ¾ø¶ÔÌØÕ÷£¬¶øÊÇ×ÜÊÇÔÚÓëÆäËû½»¼ÊÕßÏà±È½Ï¶ø±íÏÖ³öÀ´µÄÏà¶ÔÌØÕ÷£¬ÊÇ´í×Û¸´ÔÓµÄÉç»á¹ØϵÍøÂçÖеÄÒ»¸ö½Úµã¡£ÔÚÉÌÎñÓ¢ÓïÓ¦ÓÃÎÄÖУ¬ÓÐдÐÅÈËÓëÊÕÐÅÈË(writer and addressee)¡¢Âò·½ÓëÂô·½(buyer and seller)¡¢±¨ÅÌ·½ÓëÊÜÅÌ·½(offerer and offeree)¡¢Í¶±£ÈËÓë±£ÏÕÈË(the insured and the insurer)µÈÖ®¼äµÄ½»¼Ê¹Øϵ¡£Éç»á»ùµ÷ÓÐÈý¸ö´Î·¶³ë£ºµØλ¡¢²ÎÓë³Ì¶ÈºÍÇé¸Ð¡£µØλ¿ÉÒÔÓÐͬµÈµØλºÍ²»Í¬µÈµØλ֮·Ö¡£µØλËùÉæ¼°µÄ½»»¥ÐÔÊÜÆäËûÒòËصÄÓ°Ï죬ÈçÇé¸Ð¡¢ÊìϤ³Ì¶ÈµÈ¡£Òò´Ë£¬ºÏºõ×ÔÉíµØλµÄÑÔÓï²ÅÊÇÓëÉí·ÝÏà³ÆµÄ£¬ÓëÓï¾³ºÍгµÄÑÔÓï¡£
´ÓÔÝʱÐԵġ¢¶¯Ì¬µÄÇé¾°Óï¾³½Ç¶È½²£¬»°Óï»ùµ÷ÊÇÖ¸½»¼ÊÕßÔÚÇé¾°Óï¾³ÖеĽÇÉ«¹Øϵ¡£¸ù¾Ýº«ÀñµÂµÄ¹¦ÄÜÓï·¨(1985c/1994)£¬½ÇÉ«¿ÉÒÔ¸ÅÀ¨ÎªÁ½Àࣺ¸øÓèºÍÇóÈ¡£¬´Ó¶øÐγÉÁ½¶Ô½»Á÷½ÇÉ«¹Øϵ£º¸øÓèÕߣ¯½ÓÊÜÕߣ¬ÇóÈ¡Õߣ¯ÌṩÕߣ»½»Á÷ÎïÒ²¿É·ÖΪÁ½ÀࣺÐÅÏ¢(information)ÓëÎïÆ·ºÍ·þÎñ(goods & services)¡£Ëù½»Á÷µÄÐÅÏ¢ÓëÎïÆ·ºÍ·þÎñ¶¼ÓкÏÒâ(desirable)Óë²»ºÏÒâ(undesirable)ºÍÊÜÒæ(beneficial)Óë²»ÊÜÒæ(unbeneficial)Ö®·Ö¡£ºÏÒâÐÔ(desirability)ºÍÊÜÒæÐÔ(beneficiality)ÃÜÇÐÏà¹Ø£¬ÊÇÖ÷¹Û·´Ó¦(ºÏÒâÐÔ)ºÍ¿Í¹Û½á¹û(ÊÜÒæÐÔ)µÄ¹Øϵ£¬¶¼ÄÜÖ±½ÓÓ°Ïì½»Á÷½ø³ÌºÍ½»Á÷ËùÓõÄÓïÑÔ(Õŵ»1989)¡£ÀýÈ磬ÔÚÍâóÐź¯ÖУ¬ÎªÁËÇóÈ¡»ò½ÓÊÜÐÅÏ¢ÓëÎïÆ·ºÍ·þÎñ£¬Ò»·½³£Ê¹ÓÃȰ˵·¨(Persuasion)À´Ëµ·þÁíÒ»·½¸øÓè»òÌṩ¸ÃÐÅÏ¢ÓëÎïÆ·ºÍ·þÎñ¡£ÓÉÓÚÍâóÐź¯µÄÖ÷Òª¹¦ÄÜÖ®Ò»ÊǶԶԷ½µÄ̬¶ÈºÍÐÐΪʩ¼ÓÓ°Ï죬Òò´Ë£¬È°Ëµ·¨¹ã·ºÓ¦ÓÃÓÚÕâÀàÐź¯¡£È°Ëµ·¨Í¨¹ý°ÚÊÂʵ¡¢½²µÀÀí˵·þ¶Ô·½ÏàÐÅÎÒ·½²úÆ·»ò·þÎñÖÊÓżÛÁ®£¬ÏàÐÅÎÒ·½ÒªÇó»òÉêËߺÏÇéºÏÀí£¬ÏàÐÅÓëÎÒ·½µÄºÏ×÷ÓÐÀû¿Éͼ¡­¡­¡£¸ù¾Ý»·¾³¡¢¶ÔÏó¡¢ÄÚÈÝÑ¡ÓÃ×îÇ¡µ±µÄÑÔÓïÌåʽ£¬ÒÔÔì³ÉºÍгµÄÑÔÓï·ÕΧ£¬È¡µÃ×î¼ÑµÄ½»¼ÊЧ¹û¡£
Dear Sir,
You often speak of a good friend as trustworthy, thoughtful, anxious to please, honorable, and worthy of your friendship.
A store can have the same qualities. It can be human, courteous, considerate of its customers, and thoroughly reliable.
That¡¯s the kind of store this is. It is exactly the kind of store you¡¯d run yourself if you were in the clothing business.
We are anticipating the pleasure of showing you our latest styles soon, whether you are in the buying mood or not.
Sincerely yours,
´ËÐŲÉÓÃÁËÇ¡µ±µÄÉÌÎñÊéПñʽ¡¢±È½ÏÕý¹æµÄÉÌÎñÊéÐÅÓïÌå¡£ÔÚÐÅÖУ¬Ð´ÐÅÕßÕë¶ÔDZÔÚ¿Í»§£¬ÎªÁË˵·þËûÃDZä³ÉÕæÕý¿Í»§£¬Ê¹ÓÃÁËһϵÁеıí´ïÕæ³Ï¡¢ÓѺá¢ÉÆÒ⣨Goodwill£©´Ê»ã£¬È磺trustworthy, thoughtful, anxious to please, honorable, worthy of your friendship, human, courteous, considerate of its customers, thoroughly reliable, pleasure, latest, etc.ÕâЩ´Ê»ãÓÐÖúÓÚ¹¹³ÉÇ×êǵÄÓïÆø£¬Ê¹Ç±ÔÚ¿Í»§Ë¬ÐÄÔÃÄ¿£¬½ÏÒ×½ÓÊÜ£¬´Ó¶ø¾Í´ïµ½ÁËдÐÅÄ¿µÄ¡£