3. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the two-category hypothesis is likely to be true?
(A) It is promising because it explains the presence of true bacteria-like organisms such as organelles in eukaryotic cells.
(B) It is promising because it explains why eukaryotic cells, unlike prokaryotic cells, tend to form multicellular organisms.
(C) It is flawed because it fails to account for the great variety among eukaryotic organisms.
(D) It is flawed because it fails to account for the similarity between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
(E) It is flawed because it fails to recognize an important distinction among prokaryotes.
4. It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following have recently been compared in order to clarify the fundamental classifications of living things?
(A) The genetic coding in true bacteria and that in other prokaryotes
(B) The organelle structures of archaebacteria, true bacteria, and eukaryotes
(C) The cellular structures of multicellular organisms and unicellular organisms
(D) The molecular sequences in eukaryotic RNA, true bacterial RNA, and archaebacterial RNA
(E) The amino acid sequences in enzymes of various eukaryotic species and those of enzymes in archaebecterial species
5. If the "new techniques" mentioned in line 31 were applied in studies of biological classifications other than bacteria, which of the following is most likely?
(A) Some of those classifications will have to be reevaluated.
(B) Many species of bacteria will be reclassified
(C) It will be determined that there are four main categories of living things rather than three.
(D) It will be found that true bacteria are much older than eukaryotes.
(E) It will be found that there is a common ancestor of the eukaryotes, archaebacteria, and true bacteria.
6. According to the passage, researchers working under the two-category hypothesis were correct in thinking that
(A) prokaryotes form a coherent group
(B) the common ancestor of all living things had complex properties
(C) eukaryotes are fundamentally different from true bacteria
(D) true bacteria are just as complex as eukaryotes
(E) ancestral versions of eukaryotic genes functioned differently from their modern counterparts.
7. All of the following statements are supported by the passage EXCEPT:
(A) True bacteria form a distinct evolutionary group.
(B) Archaebacteria are prokaryotes that resemble true bacteria.
(C) True bacteria and eukaryotes employ similar types of genetic coding.
(D) True bacteria and eukaryotes are distinguishable at the subcellular level.
(E) Amino acid sequences of enzymes are uniform for eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms.
8. The author's attitude toward the view that living things are divided into three categories is best described as one of
(A) tentative acceptance
(B) mild skepticism
(C) limited denial
(D) studious oriticism
(E) whole hearted endorsement
