And Canada thought it had a brain drain£¿ Eight of every 10 Haitians and Jamaicans with college or university degrees live outside the country of their birth£¬ the World Bank says in a new report. In five African countries£¬ more than 50 per cent of skilled workers have left. £¨The figures aren't precise£» they include those who emigrated as children and went on to university in their new homeland.£© Now that's a brain drain.
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Canada has no overall brain drain. Its net gain of those with postsecondary education was 2.25 million people in 2000£¬ up from 1.5 million 10 years earlier£¬ the World Bank says. The bank says Canada and the West are draining poor countries of their best minds. By giving hope and opportunity to individuals£¬ this country and other rich countries deprive entire nations of those qualities. Countries fail when their institutions are weak£» strong institutions need smart£¬ trained people. "When a Humpty Dumpty falls and cracks£¬ just who is going to put it together£¿" ask John McHale£¬ a Queen's University economist£¬ and Devesh Kapur£¬ a development expert at the University of Texas£¬ in their recent book Give Us Your Best and Brightest.
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The question is what£¬ if anything£¬ rich countries should do about it. One answer£¬ say Professors McHale and Kapur£¬ is not to recruit doctors and nurses from poor African countries where those people are desperately needed for the fight against AIDS. That seems reasonable enough.
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Other options are to bar educated people from leaving£¬ impose exit taxes on them£¬ make them pay taxes to their homeland once they begin earning money in their new country£¬ and have their new country set aside a share of immigrant taxes to compensate their countries of origin. These suggestions range from the impractical to the offensive. The right to leave one's homeland is basic£» the world needs no more Berlin Walls£¬ whether of bricks or exit taxes. The idea that a Canadian citizen such as Ottawa software engineer Maher Arar would need to pay his birthplace of Syria a portion of his income earned in this country £¨or that Canada would have to pay part of its take from him£© seems bizarre. Freedom of movement implies the right to shed obligations to the nation in which£¬ through no fault of the migrant£¬ he was born.
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