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¡¡¡¡Early in the 20th century,most of the streets and roads in the U.S. were made of dirt,birck, and cedar wood blocks. Built for horse, carriage, and foot traffic, they were usually poorly cared for and too narrow to accommodate(ÈÝÄÉ) automobiles.

¡¡¡¡With the increase in auto production, private turnpike(Êշѹ«Â·)companies under loacl authorities began to spring up,and by 1921 there were 387,000 miles of paved orads. Many were built using specifications of 19th century Scottish engineers Thomas Telford and John Mac Adam (for whom the macadam surface is named), whose specifications stressed the importance of adequate drainage. Beyond that, there were no national standards for size, weight restrictions, or commercial signs. During World War ¢ñ, roads throughout the country were nearly destroyed by the weight of trucks. When General Eisenhower returned from Germany in 1919, after serving in the U.S. Army¡¯s first transcontinental motor convoy(³µ¶Ó), he noted: ¡° The old convoy had started me thinking about good, two-lane highways, but Germany¡¯s Autobahn or motorway had made me see the wisdom of broader ribbons across the land.¡±¡­

¡¡¡¡Q1: National standards for paved roads were in place by 1921

¡¡¡¡Q2: General Eisenhower felt that the broad German motorways made more sense than the two-lane highways of America

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¡¡¡¡¡­The interstate highway system was finally launched in 1956 and has been hailed as one of the greatest public works projects of the century. To build its 44,000-mile web of highways, bridge, and tunnels, hundreds of unique engineering designs and solutions had to be worked out. Consider the many geographic features of the country: mountains, steep grades, wetlands, rivers, desserts, and plains¡­.

¡¡¡¡Q: It was in the 1950s that American government finally took action to build a national high way system.

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¡¡¡¡¡¾½âÎö2¡¿¸ù¾ÝGeneral Eisenhower»òÕßGerman¶¨Î»ÔÚÎÄÕµÚ2¶ÎµÄºó°ë²¿·Ö¡£General EisenhowerÏÈÊÇ¿äÒ«ÁË two-lane highwaysµÄºÃ£¬Ò»¸öbutÖ®ºóÖ¸³öµÂ¹ú¸ßËÙ¹«Â·µÄwisdom¡£ËµÃ÷General Eisenhower¸üÐÀÉ͵¹úµÄ¸æËß¹«Â·¡£Ìâ¸É±íÊöÕýÈ·£¬Ñ¡Y

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