SECTION BSKIMMING AND SCANNING ［5 MIN.］
In this section there are five passages with a total of ten multiple-choice questions. Skim or scan them as required and then mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.
TEXT E
First read the following questions.
81. John Waston was refused a job in the café because of____.
A. his sexB. his age
C. his past experienceD. his beard
82. The present selection may be taken from ____.
A. a book about employment
B. a medical report
C. a local newspaper
D. a book about bacteria
Now read Text E quickly and mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.British employment tribunal has ruled that supermarket chain Waitrose was justified in refusing to employ a man with a beard because it posed a hygience risk. 53-year-old John Watson was told by the supermarket that he would have to shave off his cheek and chin whiskers if he wanted a job in the café at one of its branches because beards were “a host for bacteria.” Watson, who has had a beard for 28 years, previously worked as a chef at a nearby supermarket run by rival chain Somerfield without any problems. He decided to take Waitrose to a tribunal claiming sex discrimination. But tribunal chairman Stephen Scott backed Waitrose.
“The tribunal accepts that hair from the head and face poses a significant food safety risk,” he said. Waitrose said the company had not discriminated against Watson on grounds of his sex. “After all, if a bearded lady had applied we might have had to refuse her as well,” a Waitrose spokesman said.
TEXT F
First read the following questions.
83. The general idea of the passage is about____.
A. a diagnosis of lung cancer
B. the development of lung cancer
C. a new technique to detect lung cancer earlier
D. lung-cancer mortality
84. For patients who developed lung cancer four years later, the test result was ____percent.
A. 90B. 91C. 88D. 70
Now read Text F quickly and mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.
Over 150,000 people receive a diagnosis of lung cancer every year, and nearly 90 percent die within five years. But lung cancer may be detected much earlier with a new screening technique being tested at the National Cancer Institute, the Johns Hopkins University and the University of Pennsylvania.
The technique uses monoclonal antibodies to detect changes in bronchial cells,A study of cells trapped in sputum specimens (fluid coughed up from the lungs) obtained at least ten years ago found 91 percent of the specimens from patients who developed lung cancer two years later tested positive; 88 percent of specimens from people without lung cancer tested negative. For patients who developed this cancer four years later, the test was 70 percent accurate.
It will take four or five years of further study to confirm these preliminary results. If they prove out, this could be “ a critical first step” in lowering lung-cancer mortality, the highest of any cancer, says Dr. James L. Mulshine of the NCI, who helped develop the technique.
