öλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØ

1¡¡If I don't love her, I won't marry her.

Æäʵ£¬ÕâÊÇÒ»¸ö³¹µ×µÄChinglish£¬²¢Ã»Óбí´ï³öÔ­¾äµÄ“ÑÔÍâÖ®Ò┣ºÎÒµ±È»°®Ëý£¬Òª²»ÎҾͲ»»áÈ¢ËýÁË¡£µ«Êµ¼ÊÉÏËûÃÇÒѾ­½á»éÁË¡£

ÕâÒ»ÑÔÍâÖ®Ò⣬ÔõÑùÓÃÓ¢ÎIJÅÄÜÕýÈ·µØ±í´ï³öÀ´ÄØ£¿ÏÂÃæÔÙÌṩ¼¸¸öÒëÎÄ£¬Çë¶ÁÕß˼¿¼£º

2¡¡If I didn't love her, I wouldn't have married her.

3¡¡If I hadn't loved her, I wouldn't have married her.

4¡¡If I didn't love her, I wouldn't marry her.

ÒªÏëÕýÈ·µØ˵³öÓ¢ÎÄ£¬ÏȵðѺºÓïÔ­¾äµÄÒâ˼×ÐϸÍÆÇÃһϡ£“Èç¹ûÎÒ²»°®Ëý”£¬ÆäʵÕâÊÇ“Õý»°·´Ëµ”£¬Êµ¼ÊÉÏÔ¼º²ÊÇ°®Â·Ò×Ë¿µÄ£¬¶øÇÒÊÇÒ»Ö±¶¼Éî°®×ÅËý£¬Òò´Ë£¬ÕâÔÚÓ¢ÎÄÖоÍÊǶԓÏÖÔÚÊÂʵ”±íʾÐéÄâ¡£ÎÒÃÇÖªµÀ£¬´Ó¾ä¶ÔÏÖÔÚµÄÐéÄâÒªÓÃÒ»°ã¹ýȥʱÀ´±íʾ£¬ËùÒÔ£¬Õâ¾ä»°ÓÃÕýÈ·µÄÓ¢ÎľÍҪ˵³É£ºIf I didn't love her...

“ÎҾͲ»»áÈ¢Ëý”£¬Êµ¼ÊÉÏËûÃÇÒѾ­½á»éÁË£¬ËùÒÔ£¬Õâ¾ä»°ÊǶԓ¹ýÈ¥ÊÂʵ”±íʾÐéÄâ¡£ÔÚÓ¢ÎÄÖУ¬Ö÷¾ä¶Ô¹ýÈ¥µÄÐéÄâÒªÓÃwould have doneµÄνÓﶯ´ÊÐÎʽ¡£ËùÒÔ£¬Õâ¾ä»°ÓÃÕýÈ·µÄÓ¢ÎľÍҪ˵³É£ºI wouldn't have married her¡£

¸ù¾ÝÒÔÉÏ·ÖÎö£¬Ô­¾äÊÇÒ»¸öZgCx£¨Ö÷¹ý´ÓÏÖ£©Ð͵ĻìºÏʱ¼äÐéÄâÓïÆø£¬¼´Ö÷¾ä±íʾ¶Ô¹ýÈ¥ÊÂʵµÄÐéÄ⣬´Ó¾äÔòÊDZíʾ¶ÔÏÖÔÚÊÂʵµÄÐéÄâ¡£Òò´Ë£¬“Èç¹ûÎÒ²»°®Ëý£¬ÎҾͲ»»áÈ¢Ëý”Õâ¾ä»°µÄÕýÈ·Ó¢Îıí´ïÓ¦¸ÃÊÇ2£©If I didn't love her, I wouldn't have married her.

ÎÒÃÇÔÙÀ´·ÖÎöÀý¾ä3£©£º

3¡¡If I hadn't loved her, I wouldn't have married her.

ÃîÓïµã¾¦

°´ÕÕÇ°Ãæ½éÉܵÄÓ¢ÎÄ˼ά¹æÂÉ£¬ÕâÊÇÒ»¸öZgCg£¨Ö÷¹ý´Ó¹ý£©ÐÍÐéÄâÓïÆø£¬¼´Ö÷¾äºÍ´Ó¾ä¶¼±íʾ¶Ô¹ýÈ¥µÄÐéÄâ¡£ËùÒÔ£¬Àý¾ä3£©µÄº¬ÒåÊÇ£ºÔÚ½á»éʱԼº²ÊÇ°®ËýµÄ£¬Òª²»È»µ±Ê±¾Í²»»áÈ¢Ëý¡£ÑÔÍâÖ®Òâ¿ÉÄÜÊÇ£ºµ±Ê±ÄܺÍËý½á»é£¬ÊÇÒòΪµ±Ê±°®Ëý£¬µ«ÏÖÔÚÒѾ­²»°®ÁË£¨ËùÒÔÀë»é°É£©¡£

ÎÒÃÇÔÙÀ´·ÖÎöÀý¾ä4£©£º

4¡¡If I didn't love her. I wouldn't marry her.

ÃîÓïµã¾¦

°´ÕÕÇ°Ãæ½éÉܵÄÓ¢ÎÄ˼ά¹æÂÉ£¬ÕâÀïµÄwould marry±íʾÁ½ÈË»¹Ã»Óнá»é£¬ËµµÄÊǽ«À´µÄÇé¿ö¡£ËùÒÔ£¬Àý¾ä4£©µÄÓ¢ÎĵÄÕæÕýÒâ˼ÊÇ“Èç¹ûÎÒ²»°®Ëý£¬ÎÒ½«À´¾Í²»´òËãºÍËý½á»éÁË”¡£ÕâÏÔÈ»ÊÇÒÔÄÐÅóÓѵÄÉí·ÝÀ´ËµÕâ»°µÄ£¬±ÈÈçÎÒÃÇ°ÑÕâ¾ä»°·ÅÔÚÕâÑùÒ»¸öÓï¾³ÖУº

A: Do you love your girlfriend?

B: If I didn't love her, I wouldn't marry her.

¾«Æ·ÒëÎÄ

A£ºÄã°®ÄãµÄÅ®ÅóÓÑÂð£¿

B£ºÈç¹ûÎÒ²»°®Ëý£¬ÎÒ½«À´¾Í²»´òËãºÍËý½á»éÁË¡£

ÎÒÃÇÏÖÔÚ¸ø³öÉÏÃæÄǶζԻ°µÄÓ¢ÎÄÔ­ÎÄ£º

Doctor: Do you love your wife, John?

John: I wouldn't have married her if I didn't.

Doctor: Have you ever told her so?

John: (John's eyes were baffled.) Haven't I given her everything I could? What more can a man do?

Doctor: Talk to her.

John: I am not a talking man. She knows that.

Doctor: Tell her that you love her.

Çë×¢Ò⣬ÕâÀï˵I wouldn't have married her if I didn't.ÊÇÒòΪÉÏÎijöÏÖÁËlove£¬ËùÒÔÕâÀïdidn'tµÄºóÃælove±»Ê¡È¥ÁË¡£

ÔÙ±ÈÈ磬ÎÒÃÇÔÚÈÕ³£¶Ô»°ÖУ¬ÍùÍù»áÕâÑùÔð¹Ö±ðÈË£º“Èç¹ûÄãÕæµÄÀí½âÎҵĻ°£¬Ä㵱ʱ¾Í²»¿ÉÄÜ˵³öÄÇÖÖ»°ÁË”¡£×Ðϸ·ÖÎö£¬ÎÒÃÇ·¢ÏÖÕâÒ²ÊÇÒ»¸öZgCx£¨Ö÷¹ý´ÓÏÖ£©ÐÍ»ìºÏʱ¼äµÄÐéÄâÓïÆø£¬ËùÒÔÒªÓÃÓ¢ÎÄÕâÑù±í´ï£º

If you knew me better, you wouldn't have said that.

×îºóÐèÒªÌáÐѶÁÕß×¢ÒâµÄÊÇ£¬ZgCx£¨Ö÷¹ý´ÓÏÖ£©ÐÍ»ìºÏʱ¼äÐéÄâÓïÆø²»ÈçÉÏÒ»½ÚÌÖÂÛµÄZxCg£¨Ö÷ÏÖ´Ó¹ý£©ÐÍÐéÄâÓïÆø³£¼û¡£



˼ά×ܽá

ͬÉÏÒ»½ÚÒ»Ñù£¬±¾½ÚÌÖÂÛµÄÒ²ÊÇ“»ìºÏʱ¼äÐéÄâÓïÆø”£¬¼´Ö÷¾äºÍ´Ó¾ä·Ö±ð¶Ô²»Í¬µÄʱ¼ä½øÐÐÐéÄâ¡£µ«ÓëÉÏÒ»½Ú²»Í¬µÄÊÇ£¬±¾½ÚÌÖÂÛµÄÊÇZgCx£¨Ö÷¹ý´ÓÏÖ£©ÐÍ»ìºÏʱ¼äÐéÄâÓïÆø£¬¼´Ö÷¾ä¶Ô¹ýÈ¥ÐéÄ⣬ÓÃwould have doneµÄÐÎʽ£»´Ó¾ä¶ÔÏÖÔÚÐéÄ⣬ÓÃdidµÄÐÎʽ¡£ÕâÕýºÃÓëÉÏÒ»½ÚÖÐÌÖÂÛµÄÖ÷¾äºÍ´Ó¾äËù±í´ïµÄÐéÄâʱ¼äÏà·´¡£





7.7¡¡µ¹×°ÐéÄâ

ÔÚÓ¢ÎÄÖУ¬ÐéÄâ´Ó¾ä¿ÉÒÔ²ÉÓõ¹×°½á¹¹¡£¾ßÌåÀ´Ëµ£¬µ±ifÒýµ¼µÄÌõ¼þ¾äÊ¡È¥ifʱ£¬¿É½«should£¬had»òwereÖÃÓÚ¾äÊ×£¬´Ó¶ø¹¹³Éµ¹×°ÐéÄâ¾ä£¬¶øÒâÒå²»±ä¡£Çë¿´Àý¾ä£º

1¡¡Countless divorced politicians would have been elected out of office years ago had they even thought of a divorce, let alone gotten one.

ÃîÓïµã¾¦

ÕâÀïµÄ´Ó¾äÓÃÁ˵¹×°½á¹¹had they even thought...£¬Ï൱ÓÚ˵if they had even thought...¡£Ö÷¾äµÄνÓïÊÇwould have been elected£¬ÏÔÈ»ÊDZíʾ¶Ô¹ýÈ¥Çé¿öµÄÐéÄâ¡£

¾«Æ·ÒëÎÄ

ÏÖÈç½ñºÜ¶àÕþ¿Í¶¼·×·×Àë»é£¬ÕâÔÚ¼¸ÄêÇ°ÊDz»¿ÉÄܵÄ¡£ÄÇʱ£¬²»ÒªËµÕæµÄÀë»éÁË£¬ÄÄÅÂËûÃÇÓÐÀë»éµÄÏë·¨£¬¶¼Ò»¶¨»á±»¸ÏÏĄ̂¡£

2¡¡For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.

ÃîÓïµã¾¦

ÕâÊDZíʾ¶Ô¹ýÈ¥µÄÐéÄâ¡£ÕâÀïµÄµ¹×°½á¹¹had he grownÏ൱ÓÚif he had grown¡£

¾«Æ·ÒëÎÄ

ÀýÈ磬ËüÃÇ£¨Ö¸²âÊÔ£©²¢²»ÄÜÃÖ²¹Ã÷ÏÔµÄÉç»á²»¹«£»Òò´Ë£¬ËüÃDz»ÄÜ˵Ã÷Ò»¸öÎïÖÊÌõ¼þ²îµÄÄêÇáÈË£¬Èç¹ûÔڽϺõĻ·¾³Öгɳ¤µÄ»°£¬»áÓжà´ó²Å¸É¡£

ÔÙ¿´ÆäËûÀý¾ä£º

3¡¡Should I win the lottery, I would buy a car.

=If I should win the lottery, I would buy a car. Èç¹ûÎÒÄÜÓ®µÃ´ó½±£¬ÎҾͻáÂòÒ»Á¾³µ¡£

4¡¡Were he to leave today, he would get there by Monday.

=If he were to leave today, he would get there by Monday. Èç¹ûËû½ñÌì³ö·¢£¬Ëû¾ÍÄÜÔÚÐÇÆÚһ֮ǰµ½´ïÄÇÀï¡£

5¡¡Were he to tell us everything, we could try to solve his problem.

=If he were to tell us everything, we could try to solve his problem. Èç¹ûËû°ÑÒ»Çж¼¸æËßÎÒÃÇ£¬ÎÒÃǾÍÄÜÏë°ì·¨½â¾öËûµÄÎÊÌâ¡£

6¡¡Should you change your mind, no one would blame you.

=If you should change your mind, no one would blame you. Èç¹ûÄã¸Ä±äÖ÷ÒâµÄ»°£¬Ã»ÓÐÈË»áÔð¹ÖÄã¡£

7¡¡Had he not been promoted, he would never have remained with the company.

=If he had not been promoted, he would never have remained with the company. Èç¹ûËûûÓб»ÌáÉý£¬Ëû¾Í²»»á¼ÌÐøÁôÔÚÕâ¼Ò¹«Ë¾ÁË¡£

8¡¡Had such a disaster occurred, the damage would have been incalculable.

=If such a disaster had occurred, the damage would have been incalculable. Èç¹ûÕⳡÔÖÄÑ·¢Éú£¬Ëðʧ½«ÄÑÒÔ¹ÀÁ¿¡£

Ò²ÐíÓжÁÕß»áÎÊ£ºÎªÊ²Ã´»á³öÏÖÕâÑùµÄµ¹×°½á¹¹ÄØ£¿¾ßÌåÔ­Òò²»Ï꣬µ«±ÊÕ߸öÈËÈÏΪ£¬Õâ»òÐíºÍÒÉÎʾäÓйØϵ¡£±ÈÈ磬ÔÚÓ¢Óï¿ÚÓïÀÎÒÃdz£³£»áʹÓÓÒÉÎʾ䣫³ÂÊö¾ä”ÕâÑùµÄ½á¹¹£¬È磺

9¡¡Are you ready? Okay we can leave.

Òâ˼ÊÇ˵“Äã×¼±¸ºÃÁËÂð£¿ÄÇÎÒÃÇÏÖÔÚ¾Í×ß”¡£ÕâÀïµÄÒ»°ãÒÉÎʾä¾ÍÏ൱ÓÚÒ»¸öÌõ¼þ´Ó¾äIf you are ready...ÓÚÊÇÕû¸ö¾ä×ÓÏ൱ÓÚ˵“Èç¹ûÄã×¼±¸ºÃÁË£¬ÄÇÎÒÃÇÏÖÔÚ¾Í×ß”¡£ÀàËƵÄÐéÄâ¾äÓУº

10¡¡Had I known? I would have come sooner.

Ï൱ÓÚººÓï˵“ÎÒÖªµÀÂð£¿ÄÇÎҾͻáÔçµãÀ´ÁË£¡”ÕâÀïµÄÑÔÍâÖ®Òâ¾ÍÊÇ£¬Èç¹ûÎÒÖªµÀ£¬ÄÇÎҾͻáÔçµãÀ´ÁË¡£Õâ¾ÍÏ൱ÓÚÒ»¸ö³£¹æµÄÐéÄâ¾ä£º

If I had known, I would have come sooner.

µ½ÕâÒ»½ÚΪֹ£¬Ó¢ÓïÀï³£¹æµÄÐéÄâÓïÆøÐÎʽ¶¼ÒÑ·ÖÎöÌÖÂÛÍê±Ï¡£ËµÆäÊÇ“³£¹æ”µÄ£¬ÊÇÒòΪÕâЩÐéÄâ¾ä×Ó¶¼ÊÇÓÉÖ÷¾äºÍifÒýµ¼µÄ´Ó¾ä×é³É¡£ÔÚ½ÓÏÂÀ´µÄ¼¸½ÚÄÚÈÝÖУ¬ÎÒÃǽ«ÌÖÂÛÁíÍâһЩÌØÊâ¹¹ÔìµÄÐéÄâÓïÆøÐÎʽ£¬±ÈÈç“Ìø²ãÐéÄâ¾ä”£¬Ëü²»º¬ifÒýµ¼µÄ´Ó¾ä£¬¶øÊÇͨ¹ýÆäËû·½Ê½À´±í´ï“·ÇÕæʵµÄÐéÄâÌõ¼þ”¡£



˼άѵÁ·

Exercise 7.7

ÇëÑ¡Ôñ×î¼Ñ´ð°¸Ìî¿Õ¡£

1£®Countless divorced politicians would have been elected out of office years ago had they even thought of a divorce, let alone__________one.

A£®getting

B£®to get

C£®gotten

D£®get

2£®____________to the doctor right away, he might be alive today.

A£®If he went

B£®Had he gone

C£®Were he gone

D£®Should he have gone

3£®___________before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party. (97-1 CET-4)

A£®Had they arrived

B£®Were they arriving

C£®Would they arrive

D£®Were they to arrive

4£®The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand,________all practical value by the time they finished.

A£®could lose

B£®would have lost

C£®might lose

D£®ought to have lost

5£®There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened,__________a sudden loud noise.

A£®being there

B£®should there be

C£®there was

D£®there having been





7.8¡¡Ìø²ãÐéÄâ

Çë¿´ÏÂÃæÕâ¸ö“ÄԽתÍ䔣º

The Taxi Driver Mystery

Rebecca was in a taxi on her way home. Max, the taxi driver, knew she was a well-known chatterbox and didn't want to engage in conversation with her. So he pretended to be deaf and dumb. He pointed to his ears and mouth to indicate to her that he couldn't hear or speak. This ruse seemed to work. The journey was peacefully silent.

When they arrived and Rebecca had got out of the taxi, Max pointed to his meter so she would read how much she owed. Rebecca looked at the meter, read what she owed him, paid him and walked off.

But she almost immediately realized that Max couldn't have been a deaf mute.

How did she know this?

¾«Æ·ÒëÎÄ

×⳵˾»úÖ®ÃÕ

Àö±´¿¨ÊÇÒ»¸ö³öÁËÃûµÄ“»°ð씣¬Ìرð°®ßë߶¡£ÓÐÒ»ÌìËý´ò³µ»Ø¼Ò£¬³ö×⳵˾»úÂó¿Ë˹Ҳ֪µÀËýÕâ¸ö벡£¬²»Ïë´îÀíËý£¬ÓÚÊǾͼÙ×°×Ô¼ºÊǸöÁûÑÆÈË¡£ËûÓÃÊÖÖ¸Ö¸×Ô¼ºµÄ¶ú¶äºÍ×ì°Í£¬Ê¾ÒâËý×Ô¼ºÌý²»¼û£¬Ò²Ëµ²»ÁË»°¡£ÕâÒ»Õл¹Õæ¹ÜÓã¬Ò»Â·ÉÏÁ½È˾ÍĬ²»×÷Éù£¬Ïà°²ÎÞÊ¡£

µÈÀö±´¿¨µ½Á˵ط½µÃϳµÊ±£¬Âó¿Ë˹ָָÆû³µ¼Æ¼ÛÆ÷£¬Ê¾ÒâËý°´ÕÕÉÏÃæÏÔʾµÄÊý×Ö¸¶Ç®¡£Ëý¿´°Õ£¬¾Í°´¼Æ¼ÛÆ÷ËùÏÔʾµÄ¸¶Íê¿î£¬×¼±¸³éÉíÀëÈ¥¡£ÕâʱËýͻȻÒâʶµ½£¬Õâ¸ö˾»ú²»¿ÉÄÜÊÇÁûÑÆÈË¡£ÇëÎÊ£¬ËýÊÇÔõô֪µÀµÄ£¿

Õâ¸öÎÊÌâµÄ´ð°¸ºÜ¼òµ¥£¬¾ÍÊÇ£º

He must have heard her initial instructions or he would not have known where to take her.

¾«Æ·ÒëÎÄ

ÔÚËý¸ÕÉϳµÊ±¸æËßËûҪȥÄÄÀËûÒ»¶¨ÊÇÌýÇåÁË£¬·ñÔòËû²»»áÖªµÀ¸Ã°ÑËýË͵½ÄÄ¡£

ÎÒÃÇ¿´µ½£¬Õâ¸ö¾ä×ÓµÄνÓï±È½Ï¸´ÔÓ£¬Ò»¸öÊÇmust have heard£¬ÁíÒ»¸öÊÇwould not have known£¬¼´Á½¸ö¶¼´øÓÐÇé̬¶¯´Ê¡£¶ÁÕßҪעÒâµÄÊÇ£¬ÕâÀïµÄmust have heard²»ÊÇÐéÄâÓïÆø£¬¶øÊÇmust±íʾÍƲâµÄÓ÷¨£¨Ïê¼ûµÚ°ËÕ£©¡£ÔÚÓ¢ÎÄÖУ¬“must£«have done”µÄ½á¹¹ÊDZíʾ¶Ô¹ýÈ¥µÄÍƲâ¡£Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵£¬ÕâÀï̸ÂÛµÄÊÇÒ»¸ö¹ýÈ¥µÄÇéÐΡ£½ÓÏÂÀ´ÓÐÒ»¸ö¹Ø¼ü´Êor£¬±íʾ“·ñÔò”£¬ÆäºóÃæ½ÓµÄ¾ÍÊÇÐéÄâÓïÆø¡£´ËʱÎÒÃÇÒª¸ãÇå³þÁ½µã£ºÒ»ÊÇÐéÄâµÄʱ¼ä¡£ÓÉorÇ°ÃæµÄ¾ä×ÓÎÒÃÇÖªµÀ£¬ÕâÀïÊDZíʾ¶Ô¹ýÈ¥µÄÐéÄ⣻¶þÊǾä×ÓµÄνÓïÊDzÉÓÃÐéÄâÖ÷¾äµÄνÓïÐÎʽ»¹ÊÇ´Ó¾äµÄνÓïÐÎʽ¡£ÒòΪorºóÃæµÄ¾ä×ÓÏ൱ÓÚÒ»¸öÐéÄâÖ÷¾ä£¬ËùÒÔÆäνÓï×ÔȻҪ²ÉÓÃÐéÄâÖ÷¾äµÄνÓïÐÎʽ¡£¸ãÇå³þÕâÁ½µã£¬¾ÍÖªµÀΪʲôҪ˵would not have knownÁË£¬ÒòΪÕâÕýÊÇÒ»¸ö¹ýÈ¥ÐéÄâµÄÖ÷¾äνÓï½á¹¹ÐÎʽ¡£

Óɴ˿ɼû£¬ÕâÊÇÒ»Àà½ÏΪÌØÊâµÄÐéÄâÓïÆø¡£ÕâÀàÐéÄâ¾äÒ»°ã·ÖΪÁ½²¿·Ö£¬Á½²¿·ÖÔÚÓïÆøÉϽØÈ»Ïà·´£¬Ò»²¿·ÖÐéÄ⣬ÁíÒ»²¿·Ö²»ÐéÄ⣬¶øÓõÄÊdzÂÊöÓïÆø£¬ÓÃÒÔ³ÂÊöÒ»¸öÊÂʵ¡£±ÈÈçÉÏÃæÕâ¸ö¾ä×Ó¾ÍÊÇ“³ÂÊö¾ä£«or£«ÐéÄâ¾ä”ÕâÑùµÄ½á¹¹¡£ËüÃǶþÕßÖ®¼äÍùÍùÓÐbut£¬or£¬or else»òotherwiseÀ´Á¬½Ó¡£ÕýÊÇÒòΪÕâÖÖÐéÄâÓë²»ÐéÄâ¼æ¶øÓÐÖ®£¬Ò»²¿·ÖÐéÄ⣬һ²¿·ÖÓÖÌø³öÐéÄâµÄȦ×Ó£¬¹Ê±ÊÕß³Æ֮Ϊ“Ìø²ãÐéÄâ¾ä”¡£

7.8.1¡¡³ÂÊö¾ä£«or£«ÐéÄâÖ÷¾ä

ÕâÀïµÄÁ¬½Ó´Ê³ýÁËor£¬»¹¿ÉÒÔÓÐor elseºÍotherwise¡£ÐèҪעÒâµÄÊÇ£¬orÇ°ÃæµÄ¾ä×ÓÊdzÂÊöÓïÆø£¬¶øºóÃæµÄ¾ä×ÓÓõÄÊÇÐéÄâÓïÆø£¬¶øÇÒÊÇÐéÄâÖ÷¾ä¡£¾ßÌåµÄνÓï´îÅä½á¹¹ÊÇ£º

1£®Ö÷Óһ°ãÏÖÔÚʱµÄνÓïÐÎʽ£¬or£«Ö÷Ówould do→±íʾ¶ÔÏÖÔÚÊÂʵµÄÐéÄ⣻

2£®Ö÷Óһ°ã¹ýȥʱµÄνÓïÐÎʽ£¬or£«Ö÷Ówould have done→±íʾ¶Ô¹ýÈ¥ÊÂʵµÄÐéÄâ¡£

Çë¿´ÏÂÃæµÄ¶Ô»°£º

1¡¡Jo: You look tired. What have you been doing?

Emily: I've been burning the midnight oil. Been writing my mid-term essay.

Jo: Oh no! I feel sorry for you. I thought you'd finished it already?

Emily: Yes, I did. But my teacher wasn't happy with it. She told me to do it all again!

Jo: No way! Your teacher is mean.

Emily: Well, I had to do it. Otherwise, she would have given me a low score.

Jo: I suppose if you look at it like that, then your teacher is not mean at all. After all she gave you a second chance.

Emily: Yeah, and I have to admit that my essay is better now. I really need to do well so that I can get a scholarship.

Jo: Well, good luck then.

Emily: Thanks, and I'm going to sleep like a log tonight!

ÃîÓïµã¾¦

ÕâÀïÇ°ÃæµÄhad to do it±íʾ¹ýÈ¥µÄʱ¼ä£¬otherwiseºóÃæÒª½ÓÒ»¸ö¹ýÈ¥ÐéÄâµÄÖ÷¾äÐÎʽ£¬ËùÒÔνÓïÊÇwould have given¡£

¾«Æ·ÒëÎÄ

ÇÇ£ºÄã¿´ÉÏÈ¥ºÜÆ£±¹£¬×î½ü¶¼ÔÚæʲô£¿

°¬Ã×Àö£ºÎÒ×î½üÒ»Ö±ÔÚ¿ªÒ¹³µ£¬Ð´ÎÒµÄÆÚÖÐÂÛÎÄ¡£

ÇÇ£ºÌì°¡£¡ÎÒ»¹ÒÔΪÄãÔç¾ÍдÍêÁËÄØ£¡

°¬Ã×Àö£ºÎÒÊÇдÍêÁË¡£¿ÉÎÒµÄÀÏʦ²»ÂúÒ⣬ÈÃÎÒÈ«²¿ÖØдһ±é¡£

ÇÇ£º²»»á°É£¡ÄãÃÇÀÏʦҲÕæ¿É¶ñ£¡

°¬Ã×Àö£ºÃ»°ì·¨°¡£¬²»È»Ëý¾Í»á¸øÎҺܵ͵ķÖÁË¡£

ÇÇ£ºÒªÊÇÕâô˵µÄ»°£¬ÄãÃÇÀÏʦҲ»¹²»´í¡£±Ï¾¹ËýÓÖ¸øÁËÄãÒ»´Î»ú»á¡£

°¬Ã×Àö£ºÃ»´í£¬¶øÇÒÎÒ±ØÐë³ÐÈÏ£¬Õâ´ÎÎÒµÄÂÛÎĵÄÈ·Óнø²½ÁË¡£ÎªÁ˵õ½½±Ñ§½ð£¬ÎÒ±ØÐë°ÑËü×öµÃºÃÒ»µã¡£

ÇÇ£ºÄÇôףÄãºÃÔË£¡

°¬Ã×Àö£ºÐ»Ð»£¡ÎÒ½ñÍíµÃºÃºÃ˯һ¾õ£¡

2¡¡Both the United States and China had reached a point in history where they shared an eagerness to start a new relationship, and where both were prepared to pay an ideological price for it. Mao Tse-tung clearly was willing to make the ideological sacrifice; otherwise he would not have told Edgar Snow in his unique interview that he would "be happy to talk with him (Nixon) either as a tourist or as a President".

ÃîÓïµã¾¦

ÎÒÃÇ¿´µ½ÕâÀïotherwiseÇ°ÃæµÄ¾ä×ÓÓÃÁ˹ýȥʱwas£¬±íʾ³ÂÊö¹ýÈ¥µÄÊÂʵ£¬¶øÆäºóÃæÓÃÁ˹ýÈ¥ÐéÄâµÄÖ÷¾äνÓïÐÎʽwould not have told¡£

¾«Æ·ÒëÎÄ

ÃÀ¹úºÍÖйú¶¼µ½ÁËÕâÑùµÄÀúʷʱ¿Ì£ºË«·½¶¼ÔÚ¿ÊÍû¿ªÊ¼Ò»ÖÖеĹØϵ£¬²¢¶¼×¼±¸Îª´Ë¸¶³öÒâʶÐÎ̬ÉϵĴú¼Û¡£ÏÔÈ»£¬Ã«Ôó¶«Ò²Ô¸ÒâΪ´Ë¸¶³öÒâʶÐÎ̬ÉϵĴú¼Û£¬·ñÔòËûµ±³õ¾Í²»»áÔÚÒ»´Îµ¥¶À»á¼û°£µÂ¼Ó·Ë¹ÅµÊ±¸æËß˹ŵËû»á“ºÜ¸ßÐ˺ÍËû£¨Äá¿ËËÉ£©Ì¸Ì¸£¬²»ÂÛÊÇÒÔÓο͵ÄÉí·Ý»¹ÊÇÒÔ×ÜͳµÄÉí·Ý”¡£

3¡¡We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we would have telephoned him.

=We would have telephoned him if we had known his telephone number.

ÃîÓïµã¾¦

ÕâÊÇ1995Äê6Ô·ݵÄËļ¶öλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØÌâ¡£ÕâÀïµÄdidn'tÊDZíʾ³ÂÊö¹ýÈ¥µÄÊÂʵ£¬¶øotherwiseµÄºóÃæÔòÊǶԹýÈ¥µÄÐéÄ⣬ÇÒÊÇÐéÄâÖ÷¾äµÄÐÎʽ£¬Òò´ËÒªÓÃwould have done¡£

¾«Æ·ÒëÎÄ

ÎÒÃDz»ÖªµÀËûµÄµç»°ºÅÂ룬Ҫ²»È»ÎÒÃǵ±Ê±¾Í»á¸øËû´òµç»°ÁË¡£

4¡¡He must have had an accident, or he would have been here then.

ÃîÓïµã¾¦

ÕâÊÇ1990Äê1Ô·ݵÄËļ¶öλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØÌâ¡£ÕâÀïorµÄÇ°Ãæͨ¹ýÓÃmust have hadÕâÒ»ÐÎʽ£¬À´±íʾ¶Ô¹ýÈ¥µÄÍƲ⣬ÊÇÊôÓÚ³ÂÊö¹ýÈ¥£¬¶øorµÄºóÃæÔòÓùýÈ¥ÐéÄâ¡£

¾«Æ·ÒëÎÄ

ËûÒ»¶¨ÊdzöʹÊÁË£¬Òª²»È»Ôç¾Íµ½ÁË¡£

5¡¡Mary couldn't have received my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now.

ÃîÓïµã¾¦

ÕâÀïotherwiseºóÃæµÄ¾ä×Ó±íʾ¶Ô¹ýÈ¥µÄÐéÄ⣬ÏàÓ¦µØ£¬ÆäÇ°ÃæµÄ°ë¸ö¾ä×Ó¾ÍÊDZíʾ³ÂÊö¹ýÈ¥£¬ËùÒÔÒªÓÃÒ»°ã¹ýȥʱ¡£²»¹ý£¬ÕâÀïÇé̬¶¯´ÊµÄ¹ýȥʱ̬couldn't have doneµÄÐÎʽ±íʾ¶Ô¹ýÈ¥µÄÍƲ⣬ÕâÀàËÆÓÚmust±íʾÍƲâ¡£

¾«Æ·ÒëÎÄ

ÂêÀö²»¿ÉÄÜÊÕµ½ÎÒµÄÐÅ£¬Òª²»È»ËýÏÖÔÚÒѾ­¸øÎһظ´ÁË¡£

7.8.2¡¡ÐéÄâÖ÷¾ä£«but£«³ÂÊö¾ä

ÓëorµÈ´Ê²»Í¬µÄÊÇ£¬ÕâÀïbutµÄÇ°ÃæÊÇÐéÄâÖ÷¾ä£¬butµÄºóÃæÊdzÂÊö¾ä¡£¸Ã¾äÐ͵ÄʹÓùæÂÉÊÇ£º

1£®Ö÷Ówould do£¬BUT£«Ö÷Óһ°ãÏÖÔÚʱµÄνÓïÐÎʽ→±íʾ¶ÔÏÖÔÚÊÂʵµÄÐéÄ⣻

2£®Ö÷Ówould have done£¬BUT£«Ö÷Óһ°ã¹ýȥʱµÄνÓïÐÎʽ→±íʾ¶Ô¹ýÈ¥ÊÂʵµÄÐéÄâ¡£

µ±È»£¬¾äÖеÄwould¿É»»³Éshould£¬might»òcould¡£ÕâÀàÌø²ãÐéÄâ¾äµÄ¹Ø¼ü±êÖ¾´ÊÊÇbut£¬Ëæ×ÅbutһתÕÛ£¬¾ä×ÓµÄÓïÆøÒ²ÓÉÐéÄâ±äΪ²»ÐéÄ⣬¼´but½«¾ä×ÓÒ»·ÖΪ¶þ£¬butÇ°Ã沿·ÖµÄ¾ä×ÓÓÃÐéÄâÓïÆø£¬butºóÃ沿·ÖµÄ¾ä×ÓÓóÂÊöÓïÆø¡£Çë¿´Àý¾ä£º

1¡¡He would put on weight, but he doesn't eat much.

=He would put on weight if he ate much.

ÃîÓïµã¾¦

ÕâÀï²»ÓÃdidn't£¬¶øÊÇdoesn't¡£ÒòΪǰÃæµÄwould²»ÊDZíʾ¹ýȥʱ̬£¬¶øÊDZíʾ¶ÔÏÖÔÚÊÂʵµÄÐéÄ⣬ԭ¾äÏ൱ÓÚ˵If he ate much, he would put on weight.Õâ¾Í½âÊÍÁËΪʲôbutÇ°ÃæµÄ°ë¾ä»°Ï൱ÓÚÐéÄâÖ÷¾äÐÎʽÁË£¬ÒòΪbutºóÃæµÄ³ÂÊö¾äÏ൱ÓÚÒ»¸öÐéÄâ´Ó¾ä¡£

¾«Æ·ÒëÎÄ

Ëû±¾À´ÊǻᷢÅֵģ¬µ«ÊÇËûÌرð×¢Òâ½Úʳ£¬´ÓÀ´²»»á¶à³Ô¡£

2¡¡He could not have bought that limousine, but he inherited a big fortune from his father.

=He could not have bought that limousine if he had not inherited a big fortune from his father.

ÃîÓïµã¾¦

Õâ¾ä»°Ï൱ÓÚ˵If he had not inherited a big fortune from his father, he could not have bought that limousine.Õâ¾Í½âÊÍÁËΪʲôbutÇ°ÃæµÄ°ë¾ä»°Ï൱ÓÚÐéÄâÖ÷¾äÐÎʽÁË£¬ÒòΪbutºóÃæµÄ³ÂÊö¾äÏ൱ÓÚÒ»¸öÐéÄâ´Ó¾ä¡£

¾«Æ·ÒëÎÄ

Ëû±¾À´ÊÇÂò²»ÆðÄÇÁ¾ºÀ»ªÐ¡Æû³µµÄ£¬²»¹ýËû´ÓËû°Ö°ÖÄÇÀï¼Ì³ÐÁËÒ»´ó±ÊÒŲú¡£

3¡¡A: I thought you were going to call me last night about the train schedule.

B: Sorry. I would have. But Harry and Jack stopped by and stayed past midnight.

ÃîÓïµã¾¦

ÕâÀïµÄI would haveÊÇÒ»¸öÊ¡È¥ÁËcalledµÄÐéÄâÖ÷¾ä£¬±íʾ¶Ô¹ýÈ¥ÊÂʵµÄÐéÄ⣬ÓÉbutºóÃæµÄ³ÂÊö¾äµÄνÓïstopped¿ÉµÃÖª¡£

¾«Æ·ÒëÎÄ

A£ºÎÒ»¹ÒÔΪÄã×òÍíÒª¸øÎÒ´òµç»°ËµËµ»ð³µÐг̵ݲÅÅÄØ¡£

B£º±§Ç¸£¬ÎÒ±¾À´ÊÇÏë´òµç»°À´×Å£¬µ«ÊǹþÀïºÍ½Ü¿Ë×òÍíÀ´ÎÒÕâÀïÁË£¬ËûÁ©Ò»Ö±´ôµ½ºó°ëÒ¹²Å×ߣ¬ËùÒÔÎÒ¾ÍûÓдò¡£

4¡¡I would have gone to visit him in the hospital, had it been at all possible, but I was fully occupied the whole of last week.

ÃîÓïµã¾¦

ÕâÀïbutÇ°ÃæµÄ¾ä×ÓÊǹýÈ¥ÐéÄ⣬ËùÒÔ²ÉÓùýÈ¥ÐéÄâÖ÷¾äµÄνÓïÐÎʽwould have gone¡£butºóÃæµÄ¾ä×ÓÊdzÂÊö¹ýÈ¥µÄÊÂʵ¡£

¾«Æ·ÒëÎÄ

Èç¹ûÕæµÄÓпÉÄÜ£¬ÎÒ±¾À´ÊÇÏëÈ¥Ò½Ôº¿´ÍûËûµÄ£¬µ«ÊÇÎÒÉÏÖÜÕû¸öÒ»Öܶ¼ºÜæ¡£

5¡¡Some women could have made a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.

=Some women could have made a good salary in a job instead of staying home if they hadn't decided not to work for the sake of the family.

ÃîÓïµã¾¦

ÕâÊÇ2000Äê1Ô·ݵÄËļ¶öλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØÌâ¡£ÕâÀïbutºóÃæµÄ¾ä×ÓÊdzÂÊö¹ýÈ¥µÄÊÂʵ£¬butÇ°ÃæµÄ¾ä×ÓÊǶԹýÈ¥µÄÐéÄ⣬ËùÒÔ²ÉÓùýÈ¥ÐéÄâÖ÷¾äµÄνÓïÐÎʽcould have made¡£

¾«Æ·ÒëÎÄ

ÓÐЩ¸¾Å®±¾À´ÊÇÄܹ»ÕõµÃºÜ¸ßµÄнˮµÄ£¬µ«ÊÇΪÁ˼ÒÍ¥£¬ËýÃÇ·ÅÆúÁ˹¤×÷¡£

ÓÐʱ²»ÓÃbutÀ´±íʾתÕÛ£¬¶øÊÇÓÃÆäËû¸±´Ê£¬±ÈÈçϾäÖеÄunfortunately£º

6¡¡A safety analysis would have identified the target as a potential danger. Unfortunately, it was never done.

ÃîÓïµã¾¦

ÕâÀïµÄunfortunatelyÔÚÓïÒåÉÏÏ൱ÓÚbut±íʾתÕÛ£¬Ê¹¾ä×Ó´ÓÐéÄâתΪ²»ÐéÄâ¡£ÕâÀïµÄwas±íʾ¹ýÈ¥£¬Òò´ËÇ°°ë²¿·ÖÒ²ÊDZíʾ¹ýÈ¥£¬ËùÒÔ²ÉÓùýÈ¥ÐéÄâÖ÷¾äµÄνÓïÐÎʽwould have identified¡£

¾«Æ·ÒëÎÄ

ÈôÊÇÓа²È«·ÖÎö£¬¾Í¿ÉÒÔ·¢ÏÖÕâ¸öDZÔÚµÄÒþ»¼£¬µ«Òź¶µÄÊÇ£¬²¢Ã»ÓÐ×ö°²È«·ÖÎö¡£



˼ά×ܽá

¹²ÓÐÁ½ÀàÌø²ãÐéÄâ¾ä£¬Ò»ÀàÊÇÓÉorµÈÒýµ¼µÄ£¬¾ßÌåµÄ¾äÐͽṹÊÇ£º

1£®Ö÷Óһ°ãÏÖÔÚʱνÓïÐÎʽ£¬or£«Ö÷Ówould do→±íʾ¶ÔÏÖÔÚÊÂʵµÄÐéÄ⣻

2£®Ö÷Óһ°ã¹ýȥʱνÓïÐÎʽ£¬or£«Ö÷Ówould have done→±íʾ¶Ô¹ýÈ¥ÊÂʵµÄÐéÄâ¡£



ÁíÒ»ÀàÊÇÓÉbutÒýµ¼µÄ£¬¾ßÌåµÄ¾äÐͽṹÊÇ£º

1£®Ö÷Ówould do£¬but£«Ö÷Óһ°ãÏÖÔÚʱνÓïÐÎʽ→±íʾ¶ÔÏÖÔÚÊÂʵµÄÐéÄ⣻

2£®Ö÷Ówould have done£¬but£«Ö÷Óһ°ã¹ýȥʱνÓïÐÎʽ→±íʾ¶Ô¹ýÈ¥ÊÂʵµÄÐéÄâ¡£

×¢ÒâÕâÁ½Àà¾äÐ͵ÄÇ°ºóÁ½¸ö·Ö¾äµÄÓïÆøÕýºÃÏà·´¡£