¡¡¡¡öλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØÓ¢ÓïÔĶÁ²¿·ÖµÄ·ÖÖµÕ¼µ½×Ü·ÖµÄ40%£¬ËùÒÔºÁÎÞÒÉÎÊÓ¦µ±ÊÇÎÒÃÇ×îÓ¦¸ÃÖØÊӵĻ·½Ú¡£¼øÓÚ¿¼³¡ÉÏ×öÌâʱ¼äÓÐÏÞ£¬Òò´ËÕÆÎÕ¼¼ÇÉ£¬¼Ó¿ìËÙ¶ÈÊÇÌáÉýÔĶÁ·ÖÊýµÄÒ»¸öÖØҪ;¾¶¡£È»¶øÔĶÁÖÐÈçºÎ×öµ½¼È׼ȷÓÖ¸ßЧÄØ£¿½ñÌìÀÏʦ¾Í¸ø´ó¼Ò½éÉÜһϾ«¶ÁºÍÂÔ¶ÁµÄÔÔò¡£
¡¡¡¡ÎÒÃǶ¼ÖªµÀ£¬öλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØÓ¢ÓïµÄÎÄÕ¶àΪÒéÂÛÎÄ£¬¶àÀ´Ô´ÓÚÎ÷·½µÄ±¨¿¯ÔÓÖ¾£¬±ÈÈ硶ÎÀ±¨¡·£¬¡¶×ÔÈ»¡·£¬¡¶Ð¿Æѧ¼Ò¡·µÈ¡£ÕâÀàÎÄÕÂͨ³£ÊǹØÓÚÉç»áÉú»î£¬¿Æ½Ì ÎÄÎÀ£¬ÕþÖξ¼Ã·½ÃæµÄ£¬±È½Ï¿Æѧ£¬ÑϽ÷µÄÎÄÕ¡£ÕâÖÖÎÄÕÂÂÛÊöµÄÕ¹¿ªÍ¨³£ÒªÎ§ÈÆ×ÅÒ»¸öÖÐÐĹ۵ã»òºËÐÄÊÂÎï¡£ËùÒÔÎÒÃÇÒªÕæÕý¶Á¶®Ò»ÆªÎÄÕÂÊƱØҪץסÆäÖÐÐÄÖ÷ Ö¼£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇÒªÕÒµ½Ö÷Ö¼¾ä¡£´ÓÖØÒªÐÔÉÏÀ´Ëµ£¬Ö÷Ö¼¾äµÄµÄÖØÒªÐÔÔ¶Ô¶´óÓÚÆäËû½âÊÍÄÚÈÝ»òÀýÖ¤ÄÚÈÝ¡£ËùÒÔ¶ÔÓÚÎÒÃǶÁÎÄÕÂÀ´Ëµ£¬ÏÔÈ»Ö÷Ö¼¾äÊÇ×îÖØÒªµÄ£¬ÊÇÐèÒªÖص㠾«¶ÁµÄ¡£
¡¡¡¡ÄÇÔõÑùÈ¥ÅжÏÄÄЩÖ÷Ö¼¾äÄØ£¿Ê×ÏÈ£¬´ÓλÖÃÉÏÀ´Ëµ£¬Ö÷Ìâ¾ä³£³£ÔÚÎÄÕ¿ªÍ·µÄµÚÒ»¶Î»òµÚ¶þ¶ÎÌá³ö£¬ÇÒ³£ÊǶÎÊ×¾ä»òתÕ۾䡣Æä´Î£¬´Ó¾ä×Ó³¤¶ÈÀ´ËµÍ¨³£Ö÷Ìâ¾ä±È½Ï¼ò¶Ì¡£ËùÒÔ˵£¬ÎÄÕÂÖÐÐèÒªÖص㾫¶ÁµÄÄÚÈÝΪ£º¶ÎÊ׾䣬תÕ۾䣬ÒÔ¼°¶¨Î»¾ä¡£
¡¡¡¡Ïà¶Ô¶øÑÔ£¬ÎÄÕÂÖоÙÀý»òÒýÓõĶ«Î÷¾Í¿ÉÒÔÂÔ¶Á£¬ÕâЩÄÚÈÝÖÐÍùÍù°üº¬Ò»Ð©Ê±¼ä¡¢Êý¾Ý¡¢ÈËÃû¡¢µØÃû¡¢»ú¹¹Ãû³ÆÖ®ÀàµÄÐÅÏ¢¡£ÔÚ±ÈÈçһЩÓйØÖ°Îñ¡¢Í· ÏΡ¢Éç»áµØλµÈ²¹³äÐÔ˵Ã÷ÐÅÏ¢(ͨ³£ÕâЩÐÅÏ¢ÊdzöÏÖÔÚÈËÃû£¬»ú¹¹Ãû´ÊÖ®ºóµÄ¶¨Óï»òͬλÓï)¡£ÒÔ1999Äêtext5ΪÀý£¬Èç¹û°Ñ¾«¶ÁµÄÄÚÈÝÓÃÏ»®Ïß±êʾ³ö À´£¬ÄÇô½á¹ûÈçÏ£º
¡¡¡¡Science, in practice, depends far less on the experiments it prepares than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch the experiments¡£(¾«¶Á) Sir Isaac Newton supposedly discovered gravity through the fall of an apple. Apples had been falling in many places for centuries and thousands of people had seen them fall. But Newton for years had been curious about the cause of the orbital motion of the moon and planets. What kept them in place? Why didn’t they fall out of the sky? The fact that the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree answered the question he had been asking himself about those larger fruits of the heavens, the moon and the planets¡£(ÂÔ¶Á)
¡¡¡¡How many men would have considered the possibility of an apple falling up into the tree? Newton did because he was not trying to predict anything¡£(¾«¶Á) He was just wondering. His mind was ready for the unpredictable. Unpredictability is part of the essential nature of research. If you don’t have unpredictable things, you don’t have research. Scientists tend to forget this when writing their cut and dried reports for the technical journals, but history is filled with examples of it¡£
¡¡¡¡ÕÆÎÕÁ˾«¶ÁºÍÂÔ¶ÁµÄ·½·¨£¬¾Í¿ÉÒÔ´ó´ó¼õÉÙÔĶÁÁ¿£¬´Ó¶ø°Ñ¸ü¶àµÄʱ¼ä·ÅÔÚ½â¶Á¹Ø¼üÄÚÈÝÉÏ¡£¶øöλÔÓéÀÖ¹Ù·½appÏÂÔØÓ¢ÓïÎÄÕÂÔÚ³öÌâʱҲÍùÍùºÍÕâЩÐèÒª¾«¶ÁµÄÄÚÈÝÓйأ¬¶ø¼«ÉÙÉæ¼°ÂÔ¶Á²¿·ÖµÄÄÚÈÝ£¬ËùÒÔ¾«¶ÁÈç¹û×öµ½Î»£¬ºÜ¶à´ð°¸¶¼¿ÉÒÔºÁ²»·ÑÁ¦µÄ×ö³öÀ´ÁË£¬Í¬Ñ§ÃDz»·ÁÒ»ÊÔ£¬ÀÏʦ°éÄãһ·ͬÐУ¡
