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¡¡¡¡Section I Use of English

¡¡¡¡Directions£º

¡¡¡¡Read the following text¡£ Choose the best word £¨s£© for each numbered blank and mark A£¬ B£¬ C or D on the ANSWER SHEET¡£ £¨10 points£©

¡¡¡¡People have speculated for centuries about a future without work ¡£Today is no different£¬ with academics£¬ writers£¬ and activists once again 1 that technology be replacing human workers¡£ Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 ¡£ A few wealthy people will own all the capital£¬ and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland¡£

¡¡¡¡A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort£¬ one 4 by purposelessness£º Without jobs to give their lives 5 £¬ people will simply become lazy and depressed¡£ 6 £¬ today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time¡£ One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression£¬ double the rate for 7 Americans¡£ Also£¬ some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality£¬ mental-health problems£¬ and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs¡£ Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future¡£

¡¡¡¡But it doesn’t  11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease¡£ Such visions are based on the  12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment¡£ In the  13 of work£¬ a society designed with other ends in mind could  14 strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure¡£ Today£¬ the  15 of work may be a bit overblown¡£ “Many jobs are boring£¬ degrading£¬ unhealthy£¬ and a waste of human potential£¬” says John Danaher£¬ a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway¡£

¡¡¡¡These days£¬ because leisure time is relatively  16 for most workers£¬ people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional  17 of their jobs¡£ “When I come home from a hard day’s work£¬ I often feel  18 £¬” Danaher says£¬ adding£¬ “In a world in which I don’t have to work£¬ I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself  19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for  20 matters¡£

¡¡¡¡1¡£[A] boasting           [B] denying          [C] warning          [D] ensuring

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][C] warning

¡¡¡¡2¡£[A] inequality         [B] instability       [C] unreliability    [D] uncertainty

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][A] inequality

¡¡¡¡3¡£[A] policy              [B]guideline         [C] resolution      [D] prediction

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][D] prediction

¡¡¡¡4¡£[A] characterized [B]divided            [C] balanced           [D]measured

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][A] characterized

¡¡¡¡5¡£[A] wisdom          [B] meaning           [C] glory              [D] freedom

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][B] meaning

¡¡¡¡6¡£[A] Instead                [B] Indeed        [C] Thus           [D] Nevertheless

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][B] Indeed

¡¡¡¡7¡£[A] rich                   [B] urban                  [C]working         [D] educated

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][C] working

¡¡¡¡8¡£[A] explanation          [B] requirement        [C] compensation     [D] substitute

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][A] explanation

¡¡¡¡9¡£[A] under                  [B] beyond            [C] alongside          [D] among

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][D] among

¡¡¡¡10¡£[A] leave behind      [B] make up            [C] worry about          [D] set aside

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][C] worry about

¡¡¡¡11¡£[A] statistically      [B] occasionally             [C] necessarily      [D] economically

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][C] necessarily

¡¡¡¡12¡£[A] chances           [B] downsides            [C] benefits   [D] principles

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][B] downsides

¡¡¡¡13¡£[A] absence               [B] height               [C] face            [D] course

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][A] absence

¡¡¡¡14¡£[A] disturb              [B] restore               [C] exclude           [D] yield

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][D] yield

¡¡¡¡15¡£[A] model                [B] practice                [C] virtue          [D] hardship

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][C] virtue

¡¡¡¡16¡£[A] tricky                  [B] lengthy                [C] mysterious        [D] scarce

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][D] scarce

¡¡¡¡17¡£[A] demands         [B] standards             [C] qualities         [D] threats

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][A] demands

¡¡¡¡18¡£[A] ignored           [B] tired                  [C] confused          [D] starved

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][B] tired  

¡¡¡¡19¡£[A] off         [B] against               [C] behind          [D] into

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][D] into

¡¡¡¡20¡£[A] technological          [B] professional            [C] educational      [D] interpersonal

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][B] professional

¡¡¡¡Section II Reading Comprehension

¡¡¡¡Part A

¡¡¡¡Directions£º

¡¡¡¡Read the following four texts¡£ Answer the questions below each text by choosing A£¬ B£¬ C or D¡£ Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET¡£ £¨40 points£©

¡¡¡¡Text 1

¡¡¡¡Every Saturday morning£¬ at 9 am£¬ more than 50£¬000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park¡£ The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad¡£ Events are free£¬ staffed by thousands of volunteers¡£ Runners range from four years old to grandparents£» their times range from Andrew Baddeley’s world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour¡£

¡¡¡¡Parkrun is succeeding where London’s Olympic “legacy” is failing¡£ Ten years ago on Monday£¬ it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London¡£ Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches¡£ The population would be fitter£¬ healthier and produce more winners¡£ It has not happened¡£ The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise£¬ by nearly 2 million in the run—up to 2012—but the general population was growing faster¡£ Worse£¬ the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate¡£ The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved¡£ Obesity has risen among adults and children¡£ Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to “inspire a generation¡£” The success of Parkrun offers answers¡£

¡¡¡¡Parkun is not a race but a time trial£º Your only competitor is the clock¡£ The ethos welcomes anybody¡£ There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining¡£ The Olympic bidders£¬ by contrast£¬ wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes¡£ The dual aim was mixed up£º The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers¡£

¡¡¡¡Indeed£¬ there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally “grassroots”£¬ concept as community sports associations¡£ If there is a role for government£¬ it should really be getting involved in providing common goods—making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts£¬ and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools¡£ But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces£¬ squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education¡£ Instead of wordy£¬ worthy strategies£¬ future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive¡£ Or at least not make them worse¡£

  1. According to Paragraph1£¬ Parkrun has ¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] gained great popularity

¡¡¡¡[B] created many jobs

¡¡¡¡[C] strengthened community ties

¡¡¡¡[D] become an official festival

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][A] gained great popularity

  1. The author believes that London’s Olympic“legacy” has failed to ¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] boost population growth

¡¡¡¡[B] promote sport participation

¡¡¡¡[C] improve the city’s image

¡¡¡¡[D] increase sport hours in schools

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][B] promote sport participation

  1. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it ¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] aims at discovering talents

¡¡¡¡[B] focuses on mass competition

¡¡¡¡[C] does not emphasize elitism

¡¡¡¡[D] does not attract first-timers

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][C] does not emphasize elitism

  1. With regard to mass sport£¬ the author holds that governments should ¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] organize “grassroots” sports events

¡¡¡¡[B] supervise local sports associations

¡¡¡¡[C] increase funds for sports clubs

¡¡¡¡[D] invest in public sports facilities

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][D] invest in public sports facilities

  1. The author’s attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is ¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] tolerant

¡¡¡¡[B] critical

¡¡¡¡[C] uncertain

¡¡¡¡[D] sympathetic

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][B] critical

¡¡¡¡Text 2

¡¡¡¡With so much focus on children’s use of screens£¬ it’s easy for parents to forget about their own screen use¡£ “Tech is designed to really suck on you in£¬” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play£¬ “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement¡£ It makes it hard to disengage£¬ and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine¡£ ”

¡¡¡¡Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise¡£ She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children¡£ During a separate observation£¬ she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family¡£ Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention¡£

¡¡¡¡Infants are wired to look at parents’ faces to try to understand their world£¬ and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children¡£ Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s¡£ In it£¬ a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback£» The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention¡£ “Parents don’t have to be exquisitely parents at all times£¬ but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need£¬” says Radesky¡£

¡¡¡¡On the other hand£¬ Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids’ use of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting” with their children£º “It’s based on a somewhat fantasized£¬ very white£¬ very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30£¬000 words you are neglecting them¡£” Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower£¬ do housework or simply have a break from their child¡£ Parents£¬ he says£¬ can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way¡£ This can make them feel happier£¬ which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time¡£

  1. According to Jenny Radesky£¬ digital products are designed to ______¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] simplify routine matters

¡¡¡¡[B] absorb user attention

¡¡¡¡[C] better interpersonal relations

¡¡¡¡[D] increase work efficiency

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][B] absorb user attention

  1. Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers’ use of devices ______¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] takes away babies’ appetite

¡¡¡¡[B] distracts children’s attention

¡¡¡¡[C] slows down babies’ verbal development

¡¡¡¡[D] reduces mother-child communication

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][D] reduces mother-child communication

  1. Radesky’s cites the “still face experiment” to show that _______¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions

¡¡¡¡[B] verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange

¡¡¡¡[C] children are insensitive to changes in their parents’ mood

¡¡¡¡[D] parents need to respond to children’s emotional needs

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][D] parents need to respond to children’s emotional needs

  1. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_______¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies

¡¡¡¡[B] teach their kids at least 30£¬000 words a year

¡¡¡¡[C] ensure constant interaction with their children

¡¡¡¡[D] remain concerned about kid’s use of screens

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][C] ensure constant interaction with their children

  1. According to Tronick£¬ kid’s use of screens may_______¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] give their parents some free time

¡¡¡¡[B] make their parents more creative

¡¡¡¡[C] help them with their homework

¡¡¡¡[D] help them become more attentive

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][A] give their parents some free time

¡¡¡¡Text 3

¡¡¡¡Today£¬ widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year¡£ After all£¬ if everyone you know is going to college in the fall£¬ it seems silly to stay back a year£¬ doesn’t it£¿ And after going to school for 12 years£¬ it doesn’t feel natural to spend a year doing something that isn’t academic¡£

¡¡¡¡But while this may be true£¬ it’s not a good enough reason to condemn gap years¡£ There’s always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line£¬” whether that be toward graduate school£¬ medical school or lucrative career¡£ But despite common misconceptions£¬ a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits—in fact£¬ it probably enhances it¡£

¡¡¡¡Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not¡£ Rather than pulling students back£¬ a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence£¬ new responsibilities and environmental changes—all things that first-year students often struggle with the most¡£ Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment£¬ making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders¡£

¡¡¡¡If you’re not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests£¬ then consider its financial impact on future academic choices¡£ According to the National Center for Education Statistics£¬ nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once¡£ This isn’t surprising£¬ considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselves listing one major on their college applications£¬ but switching to another after taking college classes¡£ It’s not necessarily a bad thing£¬ but depending on the school£¬ it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game¡£ At Boston College£¬ for example£¬ you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department¡£ Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on¡£

  1. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that ¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] they think it academically misleading

¡¡¡¡[B] they have a lot of fun to expect in college

¡¡¡¡[C] it feels strange to do differently from others

¡¡¡¡[D] it seems worthless to take off-campus courses

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][C] it feels strange to do differently from others

  1. Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps ¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] keep students from being unrealistic

¡¡¡¡[B] lower risks in choosing careers

¡¡¡¡[C] ease freshmen’s financial burdens

¡¡¡¡[D] relieve freshmen of pressures

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][D] relieve freshmen of pressures

  1. The word “acclimation” £¨Line 8£¬ Para¡£ 3£© is closest in meaning to ¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] adaptation

¡¡¡¡[B] application

¡¡¡¡[C] motivation

¡¡¡¡[D] competition

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][A] adaptation

  1. A gap year may save money for students by helping them ¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] avoid academic failures

¡¡¡¡[B] establish long-term goals

¡¡¡¡[C] switch to another college

¡¡¡¡[D] decide on the right major

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][D] decide on the right major

  1. The most suitable title for this text would be ¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] In Favor of the Gap Year

¡¡¡¡[B] The ABCs of the Gap Year

¡¡¡¡[C] The Gap Year Comes Back

¡¡¡¡[D] The Gap Year£º A Dilemma

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][A] In Favor of the Gap Year

¡¡¡¡Text 4

¡¡¡¡Though often viewed as a problem for western states£¬ the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars£¬ says Professor Max Moritz£¬ a specialist in fire ecology and management¡£

¡¡¡¡In 2015£¬ the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires—nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago¡£ In effect£¬ fewer federal funds today are going towards the agency’s other work—such as forest conservation£¬ watershed and cultural resources management£¬ and infrastructure upkeep—that affect the lives of all Americans¡£

¡¡¡¡Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies are going into construction in fire-prone districts¡£ As Moritz puts it£¬ how often are federal dollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire£¿

¡¡¡¡“It’s already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole country£¬” he says¡£” We need to take a magnifying glass to that¡£ Like£¬ “Wait a minute£¬ is this OK£¿” “Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on lower-hazard parts of the landscape£¿”

¡¡¡¡Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire£¬ researchers say¡£

¡¡¡¡For one thing£¬ conversations about wildfires need to be more inclusive¡£ Over the past decade£¬ the focus has been on climate change—how the warming of the Earth from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires¡£

¡¡¡¡While climate is a key element£¬ Moritz says£¬ it shouldn’t come at the expense of the rest of the equation¡£

¡¡¡¡“The human systems and the landscapes we live on are linked£¬ and the interactions go both ways£¬” he says¡£ Failing to recognize that£¬ he notes£¬ leads to “an overly simplified view of what the solutions might be¡£ Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes very limited¡£”

¡¡¡¡At the same time£¬ people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlled and unleashed only out of necessity£¬ says Professor Balch at the University of Colorado¡£ But acknowledging fire’s inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing the laws£¬ policies£¬ and practices that make it as safe as possible£¬ she says¡£

¡¡¡¡“We’ve disconnected ourselves from living with fire£¬” Balch says¡£ “It is really important to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with fire today¡£”

  1. More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they ¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] exhausted unprecedented management efforts

¡¡¡¡[B] consumed a record-high percentage of budget

¡¡¡¡[C] severely damaged the ecology of western states

¡¡¡¡[D] caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][B] consumed a record-high percentage of budget

  1. Moritz calls for the use of “a magnifying glass” to ¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] raise more funds for fire-prone areas

¡¡¡¡[B] avoid the redirection of federal money

¡¡¡¡[C] find wildfire-free parts of the landscape

¡¡¡¡[D] guarantee safer spending of public funds

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][D] guarantee safer spending of public funds

  1. While admitting that climate is a key element£¬ Moritz notes that ¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] public debates have not settled yet

¡¡¡¡[B] fire-fighting conditions are improving

¡¡¡¡[C] other factors should not be overlooked

¡¡¡¡[D] a shift in the view of fire has taken place

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][C] other factors should not be overlooked

  1. The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to ¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] discover the fundamental makeup of nature

¡¡¡¡[B] explore the mechanism of the human systems

¡¡¡¡[C] maximize the role of landscape in human life

¡¡¡¡[D] understand the interrelations of man and nature

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][D] understand the interrelations of man and nature

  1. Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should ¡£

¡¡¡¡[A] do away with

¡¡¡¡[B] come to terms with

¡¡¡¡[C] pay a price for

¡¡¡¡[D] keep away from

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸][B] come to terms with

¡¡¡¡Part B

¡¡¡¡Directions£º

¡¡¡¡Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column¡£ There are two extra choices in the right column¡£ Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET¡£ £¨10 points£©

¡¡¡¡The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain£¬ particularly from Donald Trump¡£ “We don’t make anything anymore£¬” he told Fox News£¬ while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line¡£

¡¡¡¡Without question£¬ manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades£¬ and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing¡£

¡¡¡¡But there is also a different way to look at the data¡£

¡¡¡¡Across the country£¬ factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge£º instead of having too many workers£¬ they may end up with too few¡£ Despite trade competition and outsourcing£¬ American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every years¡£ Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place£¬ other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay¡£

¡¡¡¡For factory owners£¬ it all adds up to stiff competition for workers—and upward pressure on wages¡£ “They’re harder to find and they have job offers£¬” says Jay Dunwell£¬ president of Wolverine Coil Spring£¬ a family-owned firm£¬ “They may be coming [into the workforce]£¬ but they’ve been plucked by other industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing£¬” Mr¡£ Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture¡£

¡¡¡¡At RoMan Manufacturing£¬ a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980£¬ Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers£¬ five are retiring this year¡£ Mr¡£ Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program£¬ with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years¡£

¡¡¡¡At a worktable inside the transformer plant£¬ young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he’s trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors¡£ It’s his first week on the job¡£ Asked about his choice of career£¬ he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering¡£ “I love working with tools¡£ I love creating¡£” he says¡£

¡¡¡¡But to win over these young workers£¬ manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle£º parents£¬ who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression£¬ telling them to avoid the factory¡£ Millennials “remember their father and mother both were laid off¡£ They blame it on the manufacturing recession£¬” says Birgit Klohs£¬ chief executive of The Right Place£¬ a business development agency for western Michigan¡£

¡¡¡¡These concerns aren’t misplaced£º Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2013¡£ When the recovery began£¬ worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades¡£ Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels¡£

¡¡¡¡“The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill£¬” says Rob Spohr£¬ a business professor at Montcalm Community College¡£ “There’re enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don’t need to have much skill¡£ It’s that gap in between£¬ and that’s where the problem is¡£ ”

¡¡¡¡Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing£º a work/life balance¡£ While their parents were content to work long hours£¬ young people value flexibility¡£ “Overtime is not attractive to this generation¡£ They really want to live their lives£¬” she says¡£

 

[A] says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working with tools¡£

41¡£ Jay Deuwell

[B] points out that there are enough people to fill the jobs that don’t need much skill¡£

42¡£ Jason Stenquist

[C] points out that the US doesn’t manufacture anything anymore¡£

43¡£ Birgit Klohs

[D] believes that it is important to keep a close eye on the age of his workers¡£

44¡£ Rob Spohr

[E] says that for factory owners£¬ workers are harder to find because of stiff competition¡£

45.Julie Parks

[F] points out that a work/life balance can attract young people into manufacturing¡£

 

[G] says that the manufacturing recession is to blame for the lay-off the young people’s parents¡£

¡¡¡¡[´ð°¸]

¡¡¡¡41 [E] says that for factory owners£¬ workers are harder to find because of stiff competition¡£       42 [A] says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working with tools¡£          

¡¡¡¡43 [G] says that the manufacturing recession is to blame for the lay-off the young people’s parents¡£

¡¡¡¡44 [B] points out that there are enough people to fill the jobs that don’t need much skill

¡¡¡¡45 [F] points out that a work/life balance can attract young people into manufacturing

¡¡¡¡Section III Translation

¡¡¡¡46.Directions£º

¡¡¡¡Translate the following text into Chinese¡£ Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET¡£ £¨15 points£©

¡¡¡¡My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing¡£ Two years before graduating from secondary school£¬ I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course¡£ However£¬ during that course I realized I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future£¬ so I decided that it was not the right path for me¡£ Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism£¬ because writing was£¬ and still is£¬ one of my favourite activities¡£ But£¬ to be honest£¬ I said it £¬ because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream—I knew that no one could imagine me in the fashion industry at all£¡ So I decided to look for some fashion-related courses that included writing¡£ This is when I noticed the course “Fashion Media & Promotion¡£”[²Î¿¼ÒëÎÄ]

¡¡¡¡ÎÒÒ»Ö±ÃÎÏë×ÅÄÜÕÒµ½Ò»¸ö½áºÏʱÉÐÓë³ö°æµÄ¹¤×÷¡£ÖÐѧ±ÏҵǰÁ½Ä꣬ÎÒѧϰÁË·ìÈÒÉè¼Æ¿Î³Ì£¬ÈÏΪ×Ô¼º¼Ì¶øÄܹ»Ñ§Ï°Ê±ÉÐÉè¼Æ¡£È»¶ø£¬ÆÚ¼ä£¬·¢ÏÖ×Ô¼ºÔÚ ¸ÃÁìÓò²»¹»ÓÅÐ㣬²»×ãÒÔÔÚδÀ´ÓëÆäËû¸»Óд´ÔìÁ¦µÄÈ˾ºÕù¡£Òò´Ë£¬µÃ³ö½áÂÛ£ºÕâÌõµÀ·²»ÊʺÏÎÒ¡£ÔÚÉêÇë´óѧ֮ǰ£¬ÎÒ¸æËß´ó¼Ò×Ô¼º»áÑ¡ÔñÐÂÎÅöλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØ£¬ÒòΪд×÷Ò» Ö±¶¼ÊÇÎÒ×îϲ»¶µÄÊÂÇéÖ®Ò»¡£µ«ÊÇ£¬ËµÊµ»°£¬µ±Ê±ÕâÑù˵£¬ÊÇÒòΪÎÒÈÏΪʱÉÐÓÚÎÒ¶øÑÔ¾ÍÊǸöÃÎÏë¡£ÎÒÖªµÀÍêȫûÓÐÈËÏàÐÅÎÒ»á½øÈëʱÉÐÕâÒ»ÐС£Òò´Ë£¬ÎÒ¾ö¶¨È¥Ñ° ÕÒһЩ¿Î³Ì£¬¼ÈÓëʱÉÐÏà¹Ø¡¢ÓÖÉæ¼°Ð´×÷¡£¾ÍÔÚÕâʱ£¬ÎÒ×¢Òâµ½ÁË¡¶Ê±ÉÐýÌåÓëÓªÏú¡·ÕâÃſγÌ¡£

¡¡¡¡Section IV Writing

¡¡¡¡Part A

  1. Directions£º

¡¡¡¡Suppose you are invited by Professor Williams to give a presentation about Chinese culture to a group of international students¡£ Write a reply to

¡¡¡¡1£© accept the invitation£¬ and

¡¡¡¡2£© introduce the key points of your presentation

¡¡¡¡You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET¡£

¡¡¡¡Don’t use your own name£¬ use “LiMing” instead¡£

¡¡¡¡Don’t write your address¡£ £¨10 points£©

¡¡¡¡47¡¢

¡¡¡¡[²Î¿¼·¶ÎÄ]

¡¡¡¡Dear Professor Williams£¬

¡¡¡¡I felt much honored when I received your invitation to give a presentation about Chinese culture to the international students of your college¡£ I would much like to do this job¡£ So I am writing to tell you something about the presentation to be given¡£

¡¡¡¡The focus of my presentation will be Chinese traditional festivals£¬ such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-autumn Day¡£ In the speech£¬ I will introduce the origin and conventions of these festivals¡£ For example£¬ the Mid-Autumn Day£¬ falling on the 15th of August in the Chinese lunar calendar£¬ is a traditional Chinese holiday for family members and loved ones to gather together¡£ In addition to enjoying the glorious full moon on this day£¬ Chinese people will also eat festival-moon cakes£¬ recite ancient Chinese poems as well as guess lantern riddles¡£ I believe these knowledge will help the foreign students obtain a deeper understanding of Chinese culture¡£

¡¡¡¡I am really looking forward to sharing these with all of the international students¡£

¡¡¡¡Yours sincerely£¬

¡¡¡¡Li Ming

¡¡¡¡Part B

  1. Directions£º

¡¡¡¡You should write about 150 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET¡£ £¨15 points£©

¡¡¡¡[²Î¿¼·¶ÎÄ]

¡¡¡¡Reflected in the chart given above are the respective changes in the numbers of museums and their visitors in China from the year 2013 to 2015¡£ It can be clearly seen that the number of museums was on a continuous rise from 6378 to 7811 in the two years£¬ up more than 22%£¬ and so did that of the visitors£¬ with an increase of nearly 13% from 4165 to 4692¡£

¡¡¡¡What might account for the notable growths£¿ Reasons are many£¬ but the most important one£¬ as far as I am concerned£¬ is that with the boom of Chinese economy in recent years£¬ our government has been placing an increasingly high value on the inheritance of traditional culture£¬ which connects modern people with the historical past£¬ allowing them to acquire a cultural and

¡¡¡¡historical identity¡£ What’s more£¬ more attention is paid to tour Chinese traditional culture since the Chinese have improved living standards¡£

¡¡¡¡With the development of China£¬ the increasing trend is bound to continue for some time in the future¡£ From my perspective£¬ it is a positive trend and should be encouraged£¬ for it is not only beneficial for the preservation and rejuvenation of our ancestral heritages but also conducive to the cultural diversity of the world¡£


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