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¡¡¡¡If environmental destruction results when people have either too little or too much, we are left to wonder how much is enough.What level of consumption can the earth support? When does having more cease to add noticeably to human satisfaction?
¡¡¡¡Q£º It can be inferred from the Passage that .
¡¡¡¡A) human spiritual needs should match material affluence
¡¡¡¡B) whether high consumption should be encouraged is still an issue
¡¡¡¡C) how to keep consumption at a reasonable level remains a problem
¡¡¡¡D) there is never an end to satisfying people¡¯s material needs
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¡¡¡¡There are some phenomena you can count on, but the magnetic field, someday is not one of them.It fluctuates in strength, drifts from its axis, and every few 100,000 years undergoes¡ªdramatic polarity reversal¡ªa period when north pole becomes south pole and south pole becomes north pole.But how is the field generated and why is it so unstable?
¡¡¡¡Groundbreaking research by two French geophysicists promises to shed some light on the mystery.Using 80 metres of deep sea sediment (³ÁµíÎï) core, they have obtained measurements lots of magneticª²field intensity that span 11 polarity reversals and four million years.The analysis reveals that intensity appears to fluctuate with a clear, wellª²defined rhythm.Although the strength of the magnetic field varies irregularly during the short term, there seems to be an inevitable longª²term decline preceding each polarity reversal.When the poles flip¡ªa process that takes several hundred thousand years¡ªthe magnetic field rapidly regains its strength and the cycle is repeated.
¡¡¡¡The results have caused a stir among geophysicists.The magnetic field is thought to originate from molten (ÈÛ»¯µÄ) iron in the outer core, 3,000 kilometres beneath the earth¡¯s surface.By studying mineral grains found in material ranging from rocks to clay articles, previous researchers have already been able to identify reversals dating back 170 million years, including the most recent switch 730,000 years ago.How and why they occur, however, has been widely debated.Several theories link polarity flips to external disasters such as meteor (ÔÉÐÇ) impacts.But Peter Olson, a geophysicist at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, says this is unlikely if the French researchers are right.In fact, Olson says intensity that predictably declines from one reversal to the next contradicts 90 percent of the models currently under study.If the results prove to be valid geophysicists will have a new theory to guide them in their quest to understand the earth¡¯s inner physics.It certainly points the direction for future research.
¡¡¡¡Q£ºWhich of the following titles is most appropriate to the Passage?
¡¡¡¡A) Polarity Reversal: A Fantastic Phenomenon of Nature
¡¡¡¡B) Measurement of the Earth¡¯s Magneticª²Field Intensity
¡¡¡¡C) Formation of the Two Poles of the Earth
¡¡¡¡D) A New Approach to the Study of Geophysics
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¡¡¡¡A nineª²yearª²old schoolgirl singleª²handedly cooks up a scienceª²fair experiment that ends up debunking (½Ò´©¡­¡­µÄÕæÏà) a widely practiced medical treatment.Emily Rosa¡¯s target was a practice known as therapeutic (ÖÎÁƵÄ) touch (TT for short),whose advocates manipulate patients¡¯¡°energy field¡±to make them feel better and even,say some,to cure them of various ills.Yet Emily¡¯s test shows that these energy fields can¡¯t be detected,even by trained TT practitioners (ÐÐÒ½Õß).Obviously mindful of the publicity value of the situation,Journal editor George Lundberg appeared on TV to declare,¡°Age does¡¯t matter.It¡¯s good science that matters,and this is good science.¡±
¡¡¡¡Emily¡¯s mother Linda Rosa,a registered nurse,has been campaigning against TT for nearly a decade.Linda first thought about TT in the late ¡¯80s,when she learned it was on the approved list for continuing nursing education in Colorado.Its 100,000 trained practitioners (48,000 in the U.S.) don¡¯t even touch their patients.Instead,they waved their hands a few inches from the patient¡¯s body, pushing energy fields around until they¡¯re in ¡°balance.¡±TT advocates say these manipulations can help heal wounds, relieve pain and reduce fever.The claims are taken seriously enough that TT therapists are frequently hired by leading hospitals, at up to «Ã70 an hour£¬to smooth patients¡¯ energy,sometimes during surgery.
¡¡¡¡Yet Rosa could not find any evidence that it works.To provide such proof,TT therapists would have to sit down for independent testing¡ªsomething they haven¡¯t been eager to do,even though James Randi has offered more than «Ã 1 million to anyone who can demonstrate the existence of a human energy field.(He¡¯s had one taker so far.She failed.) A skeptic might conclude that TT practitioners are afraid to lay their beliefs on the line.But who could turn down an innocent fourthª²grader? Says Emily:¡°I think they didn¡¯t take me very seriously because I¡¯m a kid.¡±
The experiment was straight forward:21 TT therapists stuck their hands,palms up,through a screen.Emily held her own hand over one of theirs¡ªleft or right¡ªand the practitioners had to say which hand it was.When the results were recorded,they¡¯d done no better than they would have by simply guessing.If there was an energy field,they couldn¡¯t feel it.
¡¡¡¡Q£ºWhat can we learn from the Passage?
¡¡¡¡A)Some widely accepted beliefs can be deceiving.
¡¡¡¡B)Solid evidence weighs more than pure theories.
¡¡¡¡C)Little children can be as clever as trained TT practitioners.
¡¡¡¡D)The principle of TT is too profound to understand.
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