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µÚËÄ£¬1996Ä꽨Á¢ÁËͳһµÄÒøÐмä²ð½èÊг¡£¬Îª½ðÈÚ»ú¹¹µ÷ÕûÁ÷¶¯ÐÔ´´ÔìÁ˸üºÃµÄÌõ¼þ¡£

(1)interbank money market:ÒøÐÐͬҵ²ð½èÊг¡

inter-:among;between:ÔÚ¡­¡­Ö®ÖУ»ÔÚ¡­¡­Öмä

money market:»õ±ÒÊг¡

(2)liquidity adjustment:Á÷¶¯ÐÔµ÷Õû

6.Fifth, the gradual shift from direct to indirect monetary policy instruments has greatly improved transimission of monetary policy and effectiveness of macroeconomic management.

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(1)direct or indirect monetary policy instruments:Ö±½Ó»ò¼ä½ÓµÄ»õ±ÒÕþ²ß¹¤¾ß

(2)transmission:´«µÝ£»´«µ¼£¨Ð§¹û£»»úÖÆ£©

(3)effectiveness of microeconomic management:ºê¹Û¾­¼Ã¹ÜÀíЧÂÊ

7.Sixth, the segregation of banking business from securities and insurance business has contributed to the stability of the financial system in a transition period characterized by massive instiutional changes,inadequate regulatory resources and insufficient self-discipline.

µÚÁù£¬ÔÚÌåÖÆ´ó·ùµ÷Õû£¬¼à¹ÜÄÜÁ¦²»×ãÒÔ¼°ÐÐÒµ×ÔÂÉÒâʶ²»Ç¿µÄתÐÍʱÆÚ£¬ÊµÏÖÁËÒøÐÐÓë֤ȯҵ¡¢±£ÏÕÒµµÄ·ÖÒµ¾­Óª£¬±£Ö¤ÁËÕû¸ö½ðÈÚÌåÖƵÄÎȶ¨¡£

(1)segregation: n.¸ôÀ룻·Ö¿ª

segregate: vt.put apart from the rest;isolaate:¸ôÀ룻·Ö¿ª

Àý£ºa policy of social segregation:ÖÖ×å¸ôÀëÕþ²ß

(2)securities: (pl.)n.£¨¸´Êý£©Ö¤È¯¡¢¹ÉƱºÍծȯµÄͶ×Ê£¨±íÃ÷ijÈËÓµÓйÉƱ»òծȯµÄÖ¤Ã÷£©

Àý£ºgilt-edged securities:½ð±ßծȯ£¬ÓŵÈծȯ£¨¶ÔÓ¢¹úÕþ¸®Õ®È¯µÄͶ×Ê£©

listed securities:ÉÏÊÐ֤ȯ£¨¿ÉÔÚ֤ȯ½»Ò×ËùÂòÂôµÄ¹ÉƱ»òÔÚ¹Ù·½Ö¤È¯½»Ò×Ëù¹ÒÅƵÄ֤ȯ£©

securities broker:֤ȯ¾­¼ÍÈË»ò½»Ò×ÉÌ£¨ÒÔÂòÂô֤ȯΪҵµÄÈË£©

(3)insurance: n.±£ÏÕ£¨Í¶±£È˶¨ÆÚÏò±£ÏÕ¹«Ë¾Ö§¸¶Ð¡¶î×ʽ𣬱£ÏÕ¹«Ë¾ÔÚͶ±£ÈËÔâÊÜËðʧ¡¢Ë𺦺ÍÉ˺¦»òËÀÍöʱ¸øÓè²¹³¥µÄЭÒ飩

Àý£ºlife insurance:ÈËÊÙ±£ÏÕ

endowment insurance:ÑøÀϱ£ÏÕ£¨Ò»ÖÖÈËÊÙ±£ÏÕ£¬µ½ÆÚͶ±£È˿ɵõ½Ëù±£µÄ½ð¶î£¬ÌÈÈôͶ±£ÈËÔÚµ½ÆÚÇ°ËÀÍö£¬Æä¼Ì³ÐÈ˿ɵõ½Ëù±£µÄ½ð¶î£©

general insurance:ÆÕͨ±£ÏÕ£¨Éæ¼°±»µÁ¡¢Ëðʧ¡¢Ë𺦵ȵı£ÏÕ£¬ÈËÊÙÏÕ³ýÍ⣩

(4)contribute (to): v.have a share in;help to bring about:ÓÐÖúÓÚ£»´Ù³É

(5)a transition period:¹ý¶ÈʱÆÚ£»×ªÐÍʱÆÚ

transition: n.changing,change,from one condition or set of circumstances to another:תÒÆ£»¹ý¶È

(6)massive institutional change:´ó·ù¶ÈµÄÌåÖƵ÷Õû£¨±ä»¯£©

massive: a.large,heavy and solid:´ó¶øÖصģ»¾Þ´óµÄ

institution: n.long-established law,customs, or group:ÓÉÀ´ÒѾõķ¨ÂÉ£¬·çË×Ï°¹ß»òÍÅÌ壻ÌåÖÆ

institutional: a.·¨Âɵģ»ÌåÖƵÄ

(7)inadequate regulatory resources:¹ÜÀíÊÖ¶Îȱ·¦£»¼à¹ÜÄÜÁ¦²»×ã

inadequate: a.not adequate;insufficient:²»Êʵ±µÄ£»²»³ä·ÖµÄ

regulate: vt.control systematically;cause to obey a rule or standard:ÓÐϵͳµØ¹ÜÀí£»½ÚÖÆ£»Ê¹×ñÊعæÔò»òºÏ±ê×¼

regulatory: a.¹ÜÀíµÄ£¬¿ØÖƵÄ£¬µ÷ÕûµÄ

Àý£ºregulatory power:¹ÜÀíȨ£¨ÊµÊ©Õþ¸®·¨¹æµÄȨÁ¦£©

resource: n.sth which helps in dong sth,that can be turned to for support,help consolation:ÓÐÖúÓÚ×öijʵİ취£»½â¾öÀ§ÄÑ»ò»ñµÃ³É¹¦Ö®·½·¨

(8)insufficient self-disicipline:×ÔÎÒÔ¼Êø²»¹»£»×ÔÂÉ£¨Òâʶ£©²»Ç¿£»

insufficient: a.not sufficient:²»³ä×ãµÄ£»²»¹»µÄ

self-:(prefix):£¨Ç°×º£©±íʾ"×ÔÎÒ£¬×ÔÉí£®£®£®"

Àý£ºself-employed: a.·ÇÊܹÍÓ¶µÄ£»¸öÌå¾­ÓªµÄ

self-financing: n.×Ô³ï×ʽ𣨹«Ë¾´Ó×ÔÓÐ×ʽðÀ´Ô´ÖгＯ¿ª·¢³É±¾¡¢¹ºÂò¹Ì¶¨×ʲúµÄ·ÑÓã©

self-disicipline:×ÔÂÉ£»×ÔÎÒÔ¼Êø

1.In addition, three policy banks (the State Development Bank, the Agricultual Development Bank of China and the Export and Import Bank of China) were established in 1994 to facilitate the separation of policy banking from commercial banking operations.

´ËÍ⣬1994Äê¹ú¼Ò³ÉÁ¢ÁËÈý¼ÒÕþ²ßÐÔÒøÐУ¨¹ú¼Ò¿ª·¢ÒøÐС¢ÖйúÅ©Òµ·¢Õ¹ÒøÐкÍÖйú½ø³ö¿ÚÒøÐУ©£¬´Ó¶ø´ÙʹÁËÕþ²ßÐÔÒøÐÐÒµÎñÓëÉÌÒµÒøÐÐÒµÎñµÄ·ÖÀë¡£

(1)three policy bank:Èý¼ÒÕþ²ßÐÔÒøÐÐ

the State Development Bank:¹ú¼Ò¿ª·¢ÒøÐÐ

the Agricultural Development Bank of China:ÖйúÅ©Òµ·¢Õ¹ÒøÐÐ

the Export and Import Bank of China:Öйú½ø³ö¿ÚÒøÐÐ

2.These policy-banking institutions have embarked on a track of steady development.

ÕâЩÕþ²ßÐÔ½ðÈÚ»ú¹¹ÒѾ­²½ÈëÎȶ¨·¢Õ¹µÄ¹ìµÀ¡£

(1)embark on a track of steady development:½øÈëÎȶ¨·¢Õ¹µÄ¹ìµÀ

embark (on;upon):start;take part in:¿ªÊ¼£»´ÓÊÂ

Àý£ºembark upon a new business undertaking:´ÓÊÂÒ»ÏîеÄÉÌÒµ

track: n.course;line taken by sth:½ø³Ì£»Â·¾­

3.They are playing an important role in financing major infrastructural projects and promoting agricultural development and international trade.

ËüÃÇÔÚ¹ú¼ÒÖØ´ó»ù´¡½¨ÉèÏîÄ¿ÈÚ×Ê¡¢´Ù½øÅ©Òµ·¢Õ¹ºÍ¹ú¼ÊóÒ׵ȷ½Ã棬·¢»Ó×ÅÖØÒªµÄ×÷Óá£

(1)to finance major infrastructural projects:¶ÔÖØ´ó»ù´¡½¨ÉèÏîÄ¿ÈÚ×Ê

finance: v.provide money for (a scheme, project, etc):¹©£¨¼Æ»®¡¢ÏîÄ¿µÈ£©ÒÔ¾­·Ñ

infrastructure: n.the parts of a system that compose the shole:ÐγÉÕûÌåµÄÒ»¸öϵͳ֮¸÷²¿·Ö£»»ù´¡£»»ù±¾ÉèÊ©

infrastructural: a.of infrastructure: »ù´¡µÄ£»»ù±¾ÉèÊ©µÄ

(2)promote: v.help to organize and start;help the progress of:Ìᳫ£»´Ù½ø

Paragragh 13(P2,µ¹ÊýµÚ1¶Î)

4.Through years of reform efforts, China has developed a banking system consisting mainly of the wholly state-owned commercial banks and joint-equity commercial banks under the supervision of the central bank, the People¡®s Bank of China.

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(1)the wholly state-owned commercial banks:¹úÓжÀ×ÊÉÌÒµÒøÐÐ

joint-equity commercial banks:¹É·ÝÖÆÉÌÒµÒøÐÐ

5.As of the end of 2000,China¡®s banking system had three policy banks, four wholly state-owned commercial banks and more than 100 joint-equity commercial banks.

µ½2000Äêµ×£¬ÖйúµÄÒøÐÐÌåϵӵÓÐÈý¼ÒÕþ²ßÐÔÒøÐУ¬ËļҹúÓжÀ×ÊÉÌÒµÒøÐУ¬ÒÔ¼°100¶à¼Ò¹É·ÝÖÆÉÌÒµÒøÐС£

(1)as of:till:½ØÖ¹

5.The non-bank financial sector mainly consisted of trust and investment companies, securities firms, finance companies and insurance firms as well as many urban and rural credit cooperatiives.

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(1)non-bank financial sector:·ÇÒøÐнðÈÚ»ú¹¹

(2)trust and investment company:ÐÅÍÐͶ×ʹ«Ë¾

(3)securities firm:֤ȯ¹«Ë¾

(4)finance company:²ÆÎñ¹«Ë¾

(5)insurance firm:±£ÏÕ¹«Ë¾

(6)urban and rural credit cooperatives:³ÇÏçÐÅÓúÏ×÷Éç

1.The stabilization and adhustment efforts that began in 1993 brought the economy to a soft landing.

1993ÄêÕþ¸®¿ªÊ¼ÊµÊ©Îȶ¨ºÍµ÷ÕûÕþ²ß£¬ÊµÏÖÁËÎÒ¹ú¾­¼ÃµÄÈí׎¡£

(1)bring the economy to a soft landing:ʵÏÖ¾­¼ÃµÄÈí׎

economy: n.system for the management and use of resources:¾­¼Ã£¨Öƶȣ©

Àý£ºdomestic economy:¼ÒÍ¥¾­¼Ã£»¼ÒÕþ

national economy:¹ú¼Ò¾­¼Ã

a soft landing:Èí׎

2.Inflation measured by retail price index declined from the peak of 21.7 percent in 1994 to 0.8 percent in 1997 and remained subdued in the following years while real GDP growth moderated gradully from 13.5 percent in 1993 to a more sustainable rate.

ÓÉÁãÊÛÎï¼ÛÖ¸ÊýÀ´ºâÁ¿µÄͨ»õÅòÕÍÂÊ´Ó1994Äê21.7%µÄ¸ßµãÏÂÂäµ½1997ÄêµÄ0.8%£¬²¢ÇÒÔÚºóÀ´µÄ¼¸ÄêÖÐÒ»Ö±±»¿ØÖÆÔÚÒ»¸ö½ÏµÍµÄˮƽÉÏ£¬¶ø¹úÄÚÉú²ú×Üֵʵ¼ÊÔö³¤ÂÊÒ²´Ó1993ÄêµÄ13.5%Öð½¥»ØÂäµ½¿É³ÖÐø·¢Õ¹µÄˮƽÉÏ¡£

(1)retail price index:ÁãÊÛÎï¼ÛÖ¸Êý

(2)decline: v.continue to become smaller,weaker,lower:¼ÌÐø±äС£¬±äÈõ£¬±äµÍ

Àý£ºa declining birthrate:ÔÚϽµÖеijöÉúÂÊ

declining sale:ÏúÊÛ²»¾°Æø

(3)subdue: vt.make quieter,softer,gentler:»ººÍ£»¼õÈõ

(4)moderate: v.make or become less violent or extreme:»ººÍ£»¼õÇ᣻Îȶ¨

(5)sustain: v.(enable to) keep up;maintain:£¨Ê¹ÄÜ£©Î¬³Ö£»±£³Ö£»

sustainable: a.

a more sustainable rate:¿É³ÖÐø·¢Õ¹µÄˮƽÉÏ

3.The robust microeconomic growth has been sustained since then despite the negative impact of the Asian financial crisis.

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(1)robust macroeconomic growth:Ç¿¾¢µÄºê¹Û¾­¼ÃÔö³¤

robust: a.vigorous;healthy:ÓлîÁ¦µÄ£»½¡¿µµÄ

macroeconomic: a.ºê¹Û¾­¼ÃµÄ

Asian financial crisis:ÑÇÖÞ½ðÈÚΣ»ú

(2)negative impact:²»ÀûÓ°Ï죻¸ºÃæÓ°Ïì

negative: a.expressing the absence of any positive character; that stops,hinders or makes powerless:Ïû¼«µÄ£»·´¶ÔµÄ

(3)impact: n.strong impression or effect:Ç¿ÁÒÓ¡Ïó»òÓ°Ïì

4.The external sector performance also improved significantly during the period.

ÔÚ´ËÆڼ䣬ÎÒ¹úµÄÉæÍâ¾­¼Ã³É¼¨ì³È»¡£

(1)external sector:ÉæÍ⣨¾­¼Ã£©²¿ÃÅ£»ÍâóÆóÒµ

5.The strong export performance and capital inflow resulted in the increase of official foreign exchange reserves, from USD51.6 billion at the end of 1994 to nearly USD166 billion at the end of 2000.

³ö¿ÚºÍ×ʱ¾Á÷Èë´ó·ù¶ÈÔö¼Ó£¬¹Ù·½Íâ»ã´¢±¸´Ó1994Äêµ×µÄ516ÒÚÃÀÔªÔö¼Óµ½2000Äêµ×µÄ1600ÒÚÃÀÔª¡£

(1)capital inflow:×ʱ¾Á÷Èë

(2)official foreign exchange reserves:¹Ù·½Íâ»ã´¢±¸

6.The RMB exchange rate has remained stable.

ÈËÃñ±Ò»ãÂʱ£³ÖÎȶ¨¡£

(1)RMB exchange rate:ÈËÃñ±Ò»ãÂÊ

7.The implementation of the stabilization and structural measures has been a major factor underlying the resilience of the Chinese economy in the context of the crisis in Asian financial markets and the recent weakening of global economic activity.

ºê¹Û¾­¼ÃÎȶ¨Õþ²ßºÍ½á¹¹µ÷Õû´ëÊ©£¬ÊÇÎÒ¹ú¾­¼ÃÔÚÑÇÖÞ½ðÈÚΣ»úÒõÓ°ÁýÕֺͽüÄêÀ´È«Çò¾­¼ÃÆ£ÈõµÄ»·¾³Ï£¬ÒÀÈ»±£³Ö½Ï¿ì·¢Õ¹µÄÒ»¸öÖØÒªÒòËØ¡£

(1)implementation: n. ʵÏÖ£»Íê³É

implement: v.carry an undertaking,agreement,promise into effect:ʵÏÖ£»Íê³É£¨ÈÎÎñµÈ£©

(2)stabilization: ´Ë´¦Ö¸"¹ú¼Òʵʩºê¹Û¾­¼ÃÎȶ¨Õþ²ß"¡£

structural measures:£¨¾­¼Ã¡¢ÐÐÒµ£©½á¹¹ÐÔµ÷Õû´ëÊ©

(3)structure: n.way in which sth is put together,organized,etc:½á¹¹£»¹¹Ôì

Àý£ºcompany¡®s organizational structure:¹«Ë¾µÄ×éÖ¯½á¹¹

price structure:¼Û¸ñ½á¹¹

capital structure of a company:¹«Ë¾µÄ×ʱ¾½á¹¹£¨¹«Ë¾×ʱ¾¹¹³ÉµÄ·½Ê½£©

the company¡®s salary structure:¹«Ë¾µÄ¹¤×ʹ¹³É£¨¹«Ë¾Öв»Í¬¹¤ÖÖ²»Í¬¹¤×ʵĽṹ£©

(4)resilience: n.quality or property of quickly recovering the original shape or condition after being pulled, [ressed,crushed,etc:µ¯ÐÔ£»»Øµ¯

(fig)power of recuperating quickly:£¨Ó÷£©Ñ¸ËÙ»Ö¸´µÄÁ¦Á¿

(5)in the context of:ÔÚ¡­¡­±³¾°£¨»·¾³£©ÏÂ

context: n.circumstance in which an event occurs:£¨Ä³Ò»Ê¼þ·¢ÉúµÄ£©»·¾³£»±³¾°

(6)weaken: v.make or become weak:ʹÈõ£»±äÈõ

weakening:Æ£Èí

Paragraph 15 £¨P3,µÚ14ÐУ©

8.Although capital market development is expected to speed up, banks in China, which currently provide about 75 percent of aggregate financing in the economy, are likely to continue to playing a dominant role in financing economic and technological development as well as the economic reform in the foreseeable future.

¾¡¹ÜÖйú×ʱ¾Êг¡µÄ·¢Õ¹½«»á¼Ó¿ì£¬Ä¿Ç°Õ¼Õû¸ö¾­¼ÃÈÚ×Ê×ÜÁ¿75£¥µÄÒøÐÐÒµÔÚ¿ÉÒÔÔ¤¼ûµÄ½«À´£¬ÔÚΪ¾­¼Ã·¢Õ¹ºÍ¿Æ¼¼½ø²½ÈÚ×Ê£¬ÒÔ¼°¾­¼Ã£¨ÌåÖÆ£©¸Ä¸ïÖÐÈÔ½«·¢»ÓÖ÷µ¼×÷Óá£

(1)Although¡­,banks in China¡­:Õû¸ö¾ä×ÓÊÇÖ÷´Ó¸´ºÏ¾ä£¬ÆäÖÐÓÉAlthough¡­Òýµ¼µÄ"Èò½×´Óï´Ó¾ä"£¬Ö÷¾äÖÐÓÖ°üÀ¨Ò»¸öÓÉwhich¡­Òýµ¼µÄ"·ÇÏÞÖÆÐÔ¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä"¡£

(2)expect: vt.think or believe that sth will happen or come:Ô¤ÆÚ£»ÆÚ´ý

(3)are likely to¡­:that is expected to:ºÜ¿ÉÄÜ·¢ÉúµÄ¡­¡­£»ÓÐÏ£ÍûµÄ¡­¡­

(4)(in) financing economic and technological development:ÓÉfinancingÒýµ¼µÄ¶¯Ãû´Ê¶ÌÓï×÷"½é´Êin"µÄ±öÓï¡£