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2007 ÄêÔĶÁText 1

If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced.

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professionalize

[prəˈfeʃ(ə)nəlaɪz] v. ʹ……Ö°Òµ»¯£»Ê¹……öλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØ»¯

¡¾Àý¡¿[v] ʹ……öλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØ»¯

2011 ÄêÔĶÁÐÂÌâÐÍ

Besides professionalizing the professions by this separation, top American universities have professionalized the professor.

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professionalization

[prəˌfeʃ(ə)nəlaɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n] n. öλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØ»¯£»Ö°Òµ»¯

professionalism

[prəˈfeʃ(ə)nəˌlɪz(ə)m] n. ְҵˮ׼»òÌØÐÔ£»Ö°Òµ»¯£»öλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØ»¯

¡¾Àý¡¿[n] öλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔØ»¯

2011 ÄêÔĶÁÐÂÌâÐÍ

Professionalism has turned the acquisition of a doctoral degree into a prerequisite for a successful academic career: as late as 1969, a third of American professors did not possess one.

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provide

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v. [prə'vaɪd] ¹©¸ø£»Ìṩ£»¸øÓè

Ðνü´Ê£ºprovided, provider, provision

¡¾Àý¡¿[v] ¸øÓè

2014 ÄêÍêÐÍ

The program keeps track of your progress and provides detailed feedback on your performance and improvement.

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¡¾Àý¡¿[v] Ìṩ

2011 ÄêÔĶÁText 3

The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways.

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provided [prə'vaɪdɪd]

conj. ÌÈÈô£»Ö»Òª£»¼ÙÈç

provider [prə'vaɪdə(r)]

n. ÌṩÕߣ»¹©Ó¦Õߣ¬¹©Ó¦ÉÌ

¡¾Àý¡¿[n] ¹©Ó¦Õߣ»¹©Ó¦ÉÌ

2011 ÄêÔĶÁText 3

This trend, which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further.

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provision [prəˈvɪʒ(ə)n]

n. ¹©Ó¦£»Ìṩ£»(·¨ÂɵÄ)ÌõÎÄ£»Ìõ¿î£»¹æ¶¨£»×¼±¸

¡¾Àý¡¿[n] (·¨ÂɵÄ)ÌõÎÄ£»Ìõ¿î

2013 ÄêÔĶÁText 4

Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they _______.

[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers

[B] disturbed the power balance between different states

[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law

[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies

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[A] °þ¶áÁËÁª°î¾¯²ìµÄÏÜ·¨È¨Àû

[B] ¸ÉÈÅÁ˲»Í¬ÖÝÖ®¼äµÄȨÀûƽºâ

[C]ÇÖ·¸ÁËÁª°îÒÆÃñ·¨µÄȨÍþÐÔ

[D]ÓëÁª°îÕþ²ßºÍÖÝÕþ²ß¶¼Ã¬¶Ü

²¹³ä´Ê»ã

[ͬÒå´Ê]

supply [sə'plaɪ]

v. ¹©¸ø£»²¹³ä

offer ['ɒfə(r)]

v. Ìṩ£»¸øÓè

¡¾Àý¡¿[v] Ìṩ

2014 ÄêÔĶÁText 1

You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life.

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challenge

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n. [ˈtʃæləndʒ] ÌôÕ½£»¼è¾ÞÈÎÎñ£»(¶ÔÕæʵÐÔ¡¢¼ÛÖµ¡¢È¨ÍþµÈÌá³öµÄ)»³ÒÉ£»ÖÊÒÉ

v. [ˈtʃæləndʒ] ÌôÕ½£»»³ÒÉ£»ÖÊÒÉ(ÕæʵÐÔ¡¢¼ÛÖµ¡¢È¨ÍþµÈ)

Ðνü´Ê£ºunchallenged

¡¾Àý¡¿[v] ÌôÕ½

2009 ÄêÔĶÁText 3

It is stated in paragraph 1 that construction of a new education system ______.

[A] challenges economists and politicians

[B] takes efforts of generations

[C] demands priority from the government

[D] requires sufficient labor force

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[A] Ïò¾­¼Ãѧ¼ÒºÍÕþÖÎѧ¼ÒÌá³öÁËÌôÕ½

[B] ÐèÒª¼¸´úÈ˵ÄŬÁ¦

[C] ÐèÒªÕþ¸®¸øÓèÓÅÏÈȨ

[D] ÐèÒª³ä×ãµÄÀͶ¯Á¦

¡¾Àý¡¿[v] »³ÒÉ£»ÖÊÒÉ(ÕæʵÐÔ¡¢¼ÛÖµ¡¢È¨ÍþµÈ)

2012 ÄêÔĶÁText 2

Instead, the company has done precisely what it had long promised it would not: challenge the constitutionality of Vermont’s rules in the federal court, as part of a desperate effort to keep its Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant running.

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¡¾Àý¡¿[n] ÌôÕ½

2014 ÄêÔĶÁText 4

Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.

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unchallenged [ʌnˈtʃælɪndʒd]

adj. ²»³ÉÎÊÌâµÄ£»Î´Êܵ½ÌôÕ½µÄ£»Î´ÒýÆðÖÊÒɵģ»Ã»ÓÐÒìÒéµÄ

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degree n. ³Ì¶È£»¶ÈÊý£»Ñ§Î»£»µÈ¼¶

¡ï agreement n. Э¶¨£»Ò»Ö£»Í¬Òâ

¡ï Greek n. Ï£À°ÈË£»Ï£À°ÎÄ

adj. Ï£À°µÄ£»Ï£À°ÓïµÄ£»Ï£À°È˵Ä

concern v. Éæ¼°£»¹Øϵµ½£»¹Ø×¢

n. ¹ØÐÄ£»¹ØÇУ»¹ËÂÇ£»ÓÇÂÇ£»Àûº¦(¹Øϵ)

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¡ù concern oneself with ¹ØÐÄ

¡ù as/so far as ... be concerned ¾Í……À´Ëµ

allow v. ÔÊÐí£»Í¬Ò⣻¿¼ÂÇ

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adj. dzµÄ£»·ôdzµÄ

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product n. ²úÆ·£»²úÎï

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adj. ˮƽµÄ£»Æ½µÄ£»Æ½ÎȵÄ

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n. ²¿Ï£¬ÏÂÊô

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adj. Ö°ÒµµÄ£»öλÔÓéÀֵǼÈë¿ÚÏÂÔصģ»×¨ÃŵÄ

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¡ù supply v. ¹©¸ø£»²¹³ä

¡ù offer v. Ìṩ£»¸øÓè

challenge n. ÌôÕ½£»¼è¾ÞÈÎÎñ£»(¶ÔÕæʵÐÔ¡¢¼ÛÖµ¡¢È¨ÍþµÈÌá³öµÄ)»³ÒÉ£»ÖÊÒÉ

v. ÌôÕ½£»»³ÒÉ£»ÖÊÒÉ(ÕæʵÐÔ¡¢¼ÛÖµ¡¢È¨ÍþµÈ)

¡ï unchallenged adj. ²»³ÉÎÊÌâµÄ£»Î´Êܵ½ÌôÕ½µÄ£»Î´ÒýÆðÖÊÒɵģ»Ã»ÓÐÒìÒéµÄ

Unit 05

deal

´ÊƵ ¡ï¡ï¡ï¡ï¡î

n. [diːl] ÊýÁ¿£»³Ì¶È£»Ð­Ò飻(ÓÈÖ¸)½»Ò×£¬ÉúÒâ

v. [diːl] ´¦Àí£»¸øÓ裻×öÂòÂô£¬¾­Óª

Ðνü´Ê£ºideal, dealing, dealership

¡¾Àý¡¿[n] ЭÒ飻(ÓÈÖ¸)½»Ò×£¬ÉúÒâ

2012ÄêÔĶÁText 2

A deal is a deal—except, apparently, when Entergy is involved.

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¡¾Àý¡¿[n] ³Ì¶È

2007 ÄêÔĶÁText 3

From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholescale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders.

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ideal

[aɪˈdɪəl] n. ÀíÏ룻ÍêÃÀµÄµäÐÍ£»µä·¶

[aɪˈdɪəl] adj. ÀíÏëµÄ£»ÍêÃÀµÄ£»¼ÙÉèµÄ£»·Ç³£ºÏÊʵģ»¿ÕÏëµÄ£»²»ÇÐʵ¼ÊµÄ

dealing [ˈdiːlɪŋ]

n. ÐÐΪ£»½»Ò×£»½»Íù

¡¾Àý¡¿[n] ½»Íù

2009 Äê·­Òë

If humanity has made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of every institution is its distinctively human effect, we may well believe that this lesson has been learned largely through dealings with the young.

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dealership [ˈdiːlə(r)ʃɪp]

n. ´úÀíȨ£¬¾­ÏúȨ£»¾­ÏúÉÌ

²¹³ä´Ê»ã

[´Ê×é]

deal with£º´¦Àí£»Ó¦¸¶£»°²ÅÅ

a great deal of£º´óÁ¿(µÄ)£¬Ðí¶à(µÄ)

[½üÒå´Ê]

contract [ˈkɒntrækt]/[kənˈtrækt]

n. ºÏͬ£»ÆõÔ¼

v. (ʹ)ÊÕËõ£»(ʹ)ËõС£»(ʹ)Ëõ¶Ì

¡¾Àý¡¿[v] (ʹ)ÊÕËõ

2011 ÄêÍêÐÍ

Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles reacted more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, suggesting that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around.

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structure

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v. [ˈstrʌktʃə(r)] ¹¹Ô죻½¨Ô죻×éÖ¯£»¹¹³É

n. [ˈstrʌktʃə(r)] ½á¹¹£»¹¹Ô죻½¨ÖþÎï

Ðνü´Ê£ºrestructuring, structural, infrastructure

¡¾Àý¡¿[n] ½á¹¹

2014 ÄêÔĶÁText 2

The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business.

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restructuring [ˌriːˈstrʌktʃərɪŋ]

n. ¸Ä×飻ÖØÐÂ×éÖ¯£»µ÷Õû

structural [ˈstrʌktʃ(ə)rəl]

adj. ½á¹¹µÄ£»½¨ÖþµÄ

infrastructure [ˈɪnfrəˌstrʌktʃə(r)]

n. ϲ¿¹¹Ô죻»ù´¡ÉèÊ©£»Ï²¿×éÖ¯

¡¾Àý¡¿[n] »ù´¡ÉèÊ©

2010 ÄêÔĶÁÐÂÌâÐÍ

All in all, this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their scale, existing infrastructure and proven skills in the management of product ranges, logistics, and marketing intelligence.

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define

´ÊƵ ¡ï¡ï¡ï¡ï¡î

v. [dɪˈfaɪn] ²ûÃ÷£»¹æ¶¨£»ÏÞ¶¨£»Ê¹Ã÷È·£»¸ø……϶¨Ò壻½âÊÍ

¡¾Àý¡¿[v] ¸ø……϶¨Òå(´Ë´¦Îªdefi ne µÄÏÖÔÚ·Ö´Ê×÷¶¨Óï)

2007 ÄêÔĶÁText 2

The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score, even though IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be.

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content

´ÊƵ ¡ï¡ï¡ï¡ï¡î

v. [kənˈtent] ʹÂú×ã

n. [ˈkɒntent] ÈÝÁ¿£»º¬Á¿£»(½ÌÓýÏîÄ¿»ò¿Î³ÌµÄ)ÄÚÈÝ£»Âú×㣻ÂúÒâ

adj. [kənˈtent] Âú×ãµÄ£»ÂúÒâµÄ

Ðνü´Ê£ºcontention, discontent

¡¾Àý¡¿[n] ÂúÒâ

2007 ÄêÔĶÁÐÂÌâÐÍ

Even if a job’s starting salary seems too small to satisfy an emerging adult’s need for rapid content, the transition from school to work can be less of a setback if the start-up adult is ready for the move.

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¡¾Àý¡¿[n] (½ÌÓýÏîÄ¿»ò¿Î³ÌµÄ)ÄÚÈÝ

2014 ÄêÔĶÁText 4

The commission ignores that for several decades America’s colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits.

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contention [kənˈtenʃ(ə)n]

n. Õù³³£»ÕùÖ´£»(ÕùÂÛ»òÌÖÂÛʱµÄ)¿´·¨£¬¹Ûµã

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2011 Äê·­Òë

Part of the fame of Allen’s book is its contention that “Circumstances do not make a person, they reveal him.”

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discontent

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self-contented£º×ÔÂúµÄ£»Õ´Õ´×ÔϲµÄ

immigrant

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adj. [ˈɪmɪ¨Àrənt] (´Ó¹úÍâ)ÒÆÀ´µÄ£»ÒÆÃñµÄ

n. [ˈɪmɪ¨Àrənt] (ÍâÀ´)ÒÆÃñ£»ÇÈÃñ

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immigration [ˌɪmɪˈ¨Àreɪʃ(ə)n]

n. Òƾӣ»ÒÆÃñ

¡¾Àý¡¿[n] ÒÆÃñ

2013 ÄêÔĶÁText 4

On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration.

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2013 ÄêÔĶÁText 4

In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law.

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2015 Äê·­Òë

The United States is the product of two principal forces—the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits.

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emigrate [ˈemɪ¨Àreɪt]

v. ÒƾӹúÍ⣻ÒÆÃñ

¡¾Àý¡¿[v] ÒƾӹúÍ⣻ÒÆÃñ

2009 ÄêÔĶÁText 4

A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs.

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comprehension

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[ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv] n. (Ó¢¹úµÄ¹«Á¢ÐÔ)×ÛºÏÖÐѧ

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2016 ÄêÔĶÁ Text 3

The study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties.

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2015 ÄêÔĶÁText 2

A smartphone may contain an arrestee’s reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence.

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beyond one’s comprehension£º²»¿ÉÀí½â

potential

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2018 ÄêÔĶÁ Text 3

The potential of this work applied to healthcare is very great, but it could also lead to further concentration of power in the tech giants.

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possible [ˈpɒsəb(ə)l]

adj. ¿ÉÄܵģ»Ç±ÔÚµÄ

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probable [ˈprɒbəb(ə)l]

adj. ¿ÉÄܵģ»´ó¸ÅµÄ£»ºÜÓÐÏ£ÍûµÄ

mass

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2013 ÄêÔĶÁText 1

“Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable and wasteful,” Cline argues.

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massive [ˈmæsɪv]

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2017 ÄêÔĶÁText 1

First two hours, now three hours—this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.

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2013 ÄêÔĶÁText 1

For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.

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massacre [ˈmæsəkə(r)]

n./v. ´óÍÀɱ

biomass [ˈbaɪəʊˌmæs]

n. (µ¥Î»Ãæ»ý»òÌå»ýÄÚ)ÉúÎïµÄÊýÁ¿

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rally

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[ˈræli] n. ȺÖÚ´ó»á£»¼¯»á£»(Æû³µ¡¢Ä¦ÍгµµÈµÄ)¹«Â·´óÈü

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2007 ÄêÍêÐÍ

The defense of the Church became a rallying cry for the conservative forces.

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compare

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