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Translate the following, English terms into Chinese. Write your translation on Answer sheet.

1. cultural identity

2. foreignization and domestication

3. UESTC

4. TOEFL

5.Ainctional equivalence

6. poetics

7.foreigh capital flow

8.carbon emission reduction goal

9.intemational monetary foundation

10.humanitarian crisis

11 .most-favored nation treatment

12. Zeitgeist

13.Silicon Valley

14. box office

15.WAN(Wide Area Network)

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È˵ÀÖ÷ÒåΣ»ú

×î»Ý¹ú´ýÓö

ʱ´ú¾«Éñ

¹è¹È

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Translate the following Chinese terms into English. Write your translation on Answer sheet

1.Ä¿µÄÓï

2.Ë«±ßóÒ×

3.ÎÄ»¯ÒÆÇé

4.ºìÂ¥ÃÎ

5.Êʶȴӽô

6.(ÃÀ£©ÖÐÆÚÑ¡¾Ù

7.·¿Å«

8.»õ±Ò²Ù×ݹú

9.É˺ÛÎÄѧ

10.È˼äÌìÌÃ

11.µÚÈý²úÒµ

12.óÒ×Äæ²î

13.ÂÌÉ«¹úÃñ¾­¼Ã

14.¸ÄÒë

15.ÔçÁµ

1.target language

2. bilateral trade

3. cultural empathy

4. the story of the stone

5. appropriately tight

6. Midterm Election

7. Home mortgage slave

8. Currency manipulator

9. scar literature; the literature of the wounded

10. (a) heaven on earth

11. tertiary industry

12. Unfavorable Balance Of Trade

13. Green national economy

14. rewritten translation

15. puppy love, fall in love at an early age

Translate the following. English text into Chinese. Write your translation on Answer sheet.

The Nature of Language

The nature of language is the nature of human thought and human action, for language is no more nor less than the tool of both of these aspects of human nature. A word is either the shadow of an act or of an idea. Verbal sounds have no meaning in themselves. They are the channels, the media for the expression or communication of Aat which lies outside of themselves. Plato has made clear to us how easy it is to deceive ourselves with words, to labor under an iixq)ression that just because we can utter a sound we also necessarily know what we are talking about.

Words may be empty vessels and pour out no more than hollow sounds. We find it simple to define some words and extremely difficult to define others. The reason is that (he definition of a word is the experience it records. Hence the definiteness of a definition of a word is in proportion to the vividness of the experience, its meaning. We readily define chair because of our frequent expmence with the object of which the sound is a symbol. We define it in terms of our experience, as an object to sit in. But a definition of terms like truth, or virtue, or honesty, or beauty is a most severe trial because of the haziness or complete lack of experiences of this nature. What, then, is the source of the meaning of words? What is the relationship between words, things, and actions?

Meaning begins as behavior and culminates as language. There is meaning as behavior and meaning as language. And meaning as language is the consequence of meaning as behavior. There can be behavior without language, but there could be no meaning as language without behavior. The . source of the meaning of words is thus behavior. The relationship between behavior and things gives rise to the meaning of words. Meaning is inherent neither in flings nor in words, but both things and words obtain their meaning from behavior.

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Translate the following Chinese text Into English. Write your translation on Answer sheet.

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The Jia clan school was situated at no great distance from Rong-guo House. It was a charitable foundation which had been established many years previously by the founder of the family and was designed for the sons and younger brothers of those members of the clan who could not afford to pay for private tuition. All members of the clan holding official posts were expected to contribute towards its expenses and mem bers of advanced years and known integrity were chosen to be its masters. As soon as Bao-yu and Qin Zhong arrived they were introduced to the other students and then set to work at once on their lessons.
From now on the two friends were inseparable, arriving at school and leaving school together and sitting beside each other in class. Grandmother Jia herself became very fond of Qin Zhong. She was always having him to stay for three or four nights at a time and treated him exactly as if he were one of her own great-grandchildren. And because she realized that his family was not very well off, she frequently helped out with clothes and the like. Within a month or two he was a familiar and accepted member of the Rong household.

Bao-yu had always been impatient of social conventions, preferring to let sentiment rather than convention dictate the terms of his relationships. It was this which now prompted him to make Qin Zhong the following proposal:

¡®You and I are schoolmates and pretty much the same age. Let us in future forget all this ¡°uncle¡± ¡°nephew¡± business and address each other exactly like friends or brothers!¡¯

Qin Zhong was at first too timid to comply; but as Bao-yu persisted and went on calling him ¡®brother¡¯ or ¡®Jing-qing¡¯ (which was his school-name) whenever he spoke to him, Qin Zhong himself gradually fell into the habit of addressing Bao-yu as an equal.

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