I. Phrase Translation
CPPCC：中国人民政治协商会议(Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference
ASEAN：东南亚国家联盟(Association of South East Asian Nations)
UNESCO：联合国教科文组织(United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization)
IMF：国际货币基金组织(International Monetary Fund)?
Federal Reserve System：联邦储备体系/系统/制度
World Expo:?世界博览会
burden of proof:?举证责任
non-performing loan:?不良贷款，不履约贷款；非营运贷款
monetary easing policy:?宽松货币政策
exam-oriented education: 应试教育
consecutive interpreting：交替传译
information asymmetry：信息不对称
dear John letter：(女性写给男性的)分手信，绝交信
public servant：公务员
primary，secondary and tertiary industries：第一、第二和第三产业
多党合作制：System of Multi-party Cooperation
生态文明：Ecological Civilization
科学发展观:?Scientific Outlook on Development
贸易顺差：trade surplus
价格听证会:?public price hearings
社会保障体系:?social security system
十二五计划:?the 12th Five-Year Plan
中国证监会:?China Securities Regulatory Commission
保税区:?bonded area;free trade zone
双休日:?The Two-day Weekend; two-day dayoffs
安居工程:?Housing Project for low-income families; Comfortable Housing Project
三纲五常:?principle of feudal moral conduct;the three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues as specified in the feudal ethical code
国画:?traditional Chinese painting
《春秋》：the Spring and Autumn Period；age
故宫：The Imperial Palace;The Palace Museum;The Forbidden City
II. Passage translationSection A English to Chinese“Invisibility” is the term I will use to describe the translator’s situation and activity in contemporary Anglo-American culture. It refers to two mutually determining phenomena: one is an illusionistic effect of discourse, of the translator’s own manipulation of English; the other is the practice of reading and evaluating translations that has long prevailed in the United Kingdom and the United States, among other cultures, both English and foreign-language. A translated text, whether prose or poetry, fiction or nonfiction, is judged acceptable by most publishers, reviewers, and readers when it reads fluently, when the absence of any linguistic or stylistic peculiarities makes it seem transparent, giving the appearance that it reflects the foreign writer’s personality or intention or the essential meaning of the foreign text-the appearance, in other words, that the translation is not in fact a translation, but the “original.” The illusion of transparency is an effect of fluent discourse, of the translator’s effort to insure easy readability by adhering to current usage, maintaining continuous syntax, fixing a precise meaning. What is so remarkable here is that this illusory effect conceals the numerous conditions under which the translation is made, starting with the translator’s crucial intervention in the foreign text The more fluent the translation, the more invisible the translator, and, presumably, the more visible the writer or meaning of the foreign text.
The dominance of fluency in English-language translation becomes apparent in a sampling of reviews from newspapers and periodicals. On those rare occasions when reviewers address the translation at all, their brief comments usually focus on its style, neglecting such other possible questions as its accuracy, its intended audience, its economic value in the current book market, its relation to literary trends in English, its place in the translator’s career. And over the past fifty years the comments are amazingly consistent in praising fluent discourse while damning deviations from it, even when the most diverse range of foreign texts is considered.
Section B Chinese to English今年以来，我国连续发生严重自然灾害，给受灾地区群众生产生活造成严重影响。在各部门各地区共同努力下，抗灾救灾工作取得了显著成绩。当前，安置受灾群众、开展灾后恢复重建工作很繁重，中央有关部门、受灾地区各级党委和政府一定要高度重视，科学规划，加大投入，精心组织，全力抓好。要切实安排好受灾群众基本生活，抓紧制定和实施灾后恢复重建规划，全面抓好各项生产特别是农业生产，帮助受灾群众重建家园，促进灾区经济社会全面发展。要坚持兴利除害结合、防灾减灾并重、治标治本兼顾、政府社会协同，尽快启动水利重点薄弱环节工程建设，加快建立地质灾害易发区调查评价体系、监测预警体系、防治体系、应急体系，提高对自然灾害的综合防范和抵御能力。
重庆大学MTI 2011-2013年真题下载：百度云（稍后奉上）
真题来源@limi-L 短语翻译答案由mtizt.com提供
