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Unit 09

reject

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2013 ÄêÔĶÁText 4

The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.

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rejection [rɪˈdʒekʃ(ə)n]

n. ¾Ü¾ø

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[ͬÒå´Ê]

decline [dɪˈklaɪn]

v. ¾Ü¾ø£»Ð»¾ø

refuse [rɪˈfjuːz]

v. ¾Ü¾ø£»»Ø¾ø

discard [dɪsˈk¨»ː(r)d]

v. ¶ªÆú£»Å×Æú

occur

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v. [əˈkɜ(r)] ·¢Éú£»´æÔÚ£»³öÏÖ£»ÓУ»(Ïë·¨»òÖ÷Òâ)±»ÏëÆð

Ðνü´Ê£ºoccurrence, incur

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2009 ÄêÔĶÁÐÂÌâÐÍ

In fact, all of these cultural developments occurred separately at different times in many parts of the world.

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occurrence [əˈkʌrəns]

n. ·¢Éú£»³öÏÖ£»·¢ÉúµÄÊÂÇ飬ʼþ

¡¾Àý¡¿[n] ·¢ÉúµÄÊÂÇ飬ʼþ

2014 ÄêÍêÐÍ

As the brain fades, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments”.

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v.ÕÐÖ£»´øÀ´£»ÔâÊÜ

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2011 ÄêÔĶÁText 1

We learn from Para.1 that Gilbert’s appointment has ______.

[A] incurred criticism

[B] raised suspicion

[C] received acclaim

[D] aroused curiosity

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[C]Êܵ½»¶Ó­

[D]Òý·¢ºÃÆæÐÄ

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[ͬÒå´Ê]

happen [ˈhæpən]

v. ·¢Éú£»³öÏÖ£»ÅöÇÉ

[½üÒå´Ê]

arise [əˈraɪz]

v. ²úÉú£»³öÏÖ

meet

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v. [miːt] Óö¼û£¬»á¼û£»»á̸£»¾­Àú£»Ôâµ½£»Âú×ã

¡¾Àý¡¿[v] Âú×ã

2014 ÄêÔĶÁText 1

To which of the following would the author most probably agree?

[A] The British welfare system indulges jobseekers’ laziness.

[B] Osborne’s reforms will reduce the risk of unemployment.

[C] The jobseekers’ allowance has met their actual needs.

[D] Unemployment benefits should not be made conditional.

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assemble [əˈsemb(ə)l]

v. (ʹ)¼¯ºÏ£»(ʹ)¾Û¼¯£»(ʹ)¼¯»á

congregate [ˈkɒŋ¨Àrɪ¨Àeɪt]

v. ¾Û¼¯£»¼¯ºÏ

personal

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adj. [ˈpɜː(r)s(ə)nəl] ¸öÈ˵Ä£¬Ë½È˵ģ»Ç××Եģ¬±¾È˵ģ»ÈËÉíµÄ

Ðνü´Ê£ºinterpersonal, personality, impersonal

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interpersonal [ˌɪntə(r)ˈpɜː(r)s(ə)nəl]

adj. ÈËÓëÈËÖ®¼äµÄ£»È˼ʵÄ

¡¾Àý¡¿[adj] ÈËÓëÈËÖ®¼äµÄ£»È˼ʵÄ

2008 ÄêÔĶÁText 1

The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals.

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personality [ˌpɜː(r)səˈnæləti]

n. È˸ñ£»ÐÔ¸ñ£»¸öÐÔ£»ÃûÈË

impersonal [ɪmˈpɜː(r)s(ə)nəl]

adj. ²»ÊܸöÈËÇé¸ÐÓ°ÏìµÄ£»Àäµ­µÄ£»¿Í¹ÛµÄ

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individual [ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl]

adj. ¸öÈ˵ģ»¸ö±ðµÄ£»¶ÀÌصÄ

private [ˈpraɪvət]

adj. ¸öÈ˵ģ»Ë½È˵Ä

indeed

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adv. [ɪnˈdiːd] ʵ¼ÊÉÏ£»È·Êµ£¬ÊµÔÚ£»ÕæÕýµØ£»¶àô

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2014 ÄêÔĶÁText 3

The US $3-million Fundamental Physics Prize is indeed an interesting experiment, as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in March.

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certainly [ˈsɜː(r)t(ə)nli]

adv. È·¶¨µØ£»µ±È»µØ

definitely [ˈdef(ə)nətli]

adv. Ã÷È·µØ£»È·ÇеØ

manage

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manager [ˈmænɪdʒə(r)]

n. ¹ÜÀíÕߣ»¾­Àí

¡¾Àý¡¿[n] ¹ÜÀíÕߣ»¾­Àí

2011 ÄêÔĶÁText 2

A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.

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2014 ÄêÔĶÁText 2

In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency.

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manageable [ˈmænɪdʒəb(ə)l]

adj. ¿É¹ÜÀíµÄ£»¿É¿ØÖƵģ»¿É´¦ÀíµÄ

¡¾Àý¡¿[adj] ¿É¹ÜÀíµÄ£»¿É¿ØÖƵÄ

2011 ÄêÍêÐÍ

But because hard laughter is difficult to sustain, a good laugh is unlikely to have ______ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.

[A] measurable

[B] manageable

[C] affordable [D] renewable

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[C] ÂòµÃÆðµÄ£»¸ºµ£µÃÆðµÄ

[D] ¿É¸üеģ»¿É³ÖÐøµÄ

management [ˈmænɪdʒmənt]

n. (ÉÌÎñ»ò»ú¹¹µÄ)¹ÜÀí£¬¾­Óª£»¹ÜÀí²¿ÃÅ£»°²ÅÅ£»¼ÝÔ¦

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2016 ÄêÔĶÁText 4

Peretti suggests that, in face of the present situation, the Times should___________

[A] seek new sources of leadership.

[B] end the print edition for good.

[C] aim for efficient management.

[D] make strategic adjustments.

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administer [ədˈmɪnɪstə(r)]

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[½üÒå´Ê]

regulate [ˈre¨Àjʊleɪt]

v. ¹ÜÀí£»µ÷Õû£»¿ØÖÆ

control [kənˈtrəʊl]

v. ¿ØÖÆ£»¹ÜÀí

recognize

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v. [ˈrekə¨Ànaɪz] Èϳö£»Ê¶±ð£»³ÐÈÏ£¬ÈÏʶµ½

Ðνü´Ê£ºunrecognized, recognition

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2012 ÄêÔĶÁText 1

Rosenberg holds that public-health advocates should ______.

[A] recruit professional advertisers

[B] learn from advertisers’ experience

[C] stay away from commercial advertisers

[D] recognize the limitations of advertisements

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[C]Ô¶ÀëÉÌÒµ¹ã¸æÈË

[D]ÈÏʶµ½¹ã¸æµÄ¾ÖÏÞÐÔ

Ðνü´Ê

unrecognized [ʌnˈrekə¨Ànaɪzd]

adj. δ±»ÈÏʶµÄ£»Î´±»³ÐÈϵģ»Î´±»È϶¨µÄ

¡¾Àý¡¿[adj] δ±»ÈÏʶµÄ

2008 ÄêÔĶÁText 3

The trend in sports, though, may be obscuring an unrecognized reality.

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recognition [ˌrekə¨Àˈnɪʃ(ə)n]

n. ÈÏʶ£»Ê¶±ð£»³ÐÈÏ£»½ÓÊÜ£»ÔÞÉÍ£»ÈÏ¿É

¡¾Àý¡¿[n] ÈÏ¿É

2012 ÄêÔĶÁText 3

Paragraph 3 shows that a discovery claim becomes credible after it ______.

[A] has attracted the attention of the general public

[B] has been examined by the scientific community

[C] has received recognition from editors and reviewers

[D] has been frequently quoted by peer scientists

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[A] ÎüÒýÁ˹«ÖÚµÄ×¢ÒâÁ¦

[B] ¾­¹ý¿Æѧ½çµÄ¼ìÑé

[C] »ñµÃ±à¼­ºÍÆÀÂÛ¼ÒµÄÈÏ¿É

[D] ±»Í¬ÐпÆѧ¼ÒƵ·±µØÒýÓÃ

object

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v. [əbˈdʒekt] ·´¶Ô

n. [ˈɒbdʒekt] ÎïÌ壻ĿµÄ£»Ä¿±ê£»¿ÍÌ壻¶ÔÏó

Ðνü´Ê£ºobjection, objective, objectivity, objectiveness

¡¾Àý¡¿[v] ·´¶Ô

2013 ÄêÔĶÁText 2

Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft's default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.

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objection [əbˈdʒekʃ(ə)n]

n. ·´¶Ô£»²»Ï²»¶£»ÒìÒé

¡¾Àý¡¿[n] ÒìÒé

2013 ÄêÔĶÁText 4

The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia, who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the Alien and Sedition Acts.

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objective

[əbˈdʒektɪv] adj. ¿Í¹ÛµÄ£»ÈçʵµÄ

[əbˈdʒektɪv] n. Ä¿µÄ£»Ä¿±ê£»±ö¸ñ

¡¾Àý¡¿[adj] ¿Í¹ÛµÄ

2011 ÄêÔĶÁText 3

Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’ marketing.

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¡¾Àý¡¿[adj] ¿Í¹ÛµÄ

2012 ÄêÔĶÁText 3

In the idealized version of how science is done, facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientific method to carry out their work.

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objectivity [ˌɒbdʒekˈtɪvəti]

n. ¿Í¹ÛÐÔ£»¿Í¹Û

objectiveness [əbˈdʒektivnis]

n. ¿Í¹Û

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2010 ÄêÔĶÁText 4

The author’s attitude towards standard-setters is one of ______.

[A] satisfaction

[B] skepticism

[C] objectiveness

[D] sympathy

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trust

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distrust

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mistrusted [mɪsˈtrʌstid]

adj. ²»ÐÅÈεģ»¶àÒɵÄ

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trust fund£ºÐÅÍлù½ð

put trust in sb./sth.£ºÐÅÈÎ……£¬ÐÅÀµ……

critical

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adj. [ˈkrɪtɪk(ə)l] ÅúÅеģ»ÆÀÂ۵ģ»Î£¼±µÄ£»ÖØÒªµÄ£»ÌôÌ޵ģ»ÁÙ½çµÄ

Ðνü´Ê£ºcritically, hypocritical, criticize

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2018 ÄêÔĶÁText 2

So when young people are critical of an over-tweeting president, they reveal a mental discipline in thinking skills—and in their choices on when to share on social media.

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critically [ˈkrɪtɪkli]

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2007 ÄêÔĶÁÐÂÌâÐÍ

They should know how to deal with setbacks, stresses and feelings of inadequacy. They should also learn how to solve problems and resolve conflicts, ways to brainstorm and think critically.

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hypocritical [ˌhɪpəˈkrɪtɪk(ə)l]

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criticize [ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz]

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be critical of£ºÌô벡£»ÅúÆÀ

immediate

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2013 ÄêÔĶÁText 3

Perhaps willfully, it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future.

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let

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2011 ÄêÔĶÁText 2

A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.

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outlet [ˈaʊtˌlet]

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let out£º·Å³ö£¬ÊÍ·Å£»·¢³ö£»½áÊø

let alone£º²»¹Ü£»¸ü²»±Ø˵

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2009 ÄêÔĶÁText 4

While few craftsmen or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized. Their thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality.

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advocate

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n. [ˈædvəkeɪt] ÌᳫÕߣ»Óµ»¤Õߣ»Ö§³ÖÕß

v. [ˈædvəkeɪt] Ìᳫ£»Óµ»¤£»Ö÷ÕÅ

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2011 ÄêÔĶÁText 1

Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.”

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2013 ÄêÔĶÁText 1

She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy.

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2014 ÄêÔĶÁText 4

The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.

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instance

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instantly [ˈɪnstəntli]

adv. Á¢¿Ì£¬ÂíÉÏ

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2010 ÄêÔĶÁText 4

European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) do likewise.

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instantaneously [ˌɪnstənˈteɪniəsli]